The Transition. Convergence and discrepancy in the international and national press coverage of Spain’s major postwar international news export

The role of the national and foreign press in the news coverage of the Spanish transition to democracy (1975-1978) has been a constant reference in the historical study of the period of political change after the end of the Francoist dictatorship. In this article we present the general results of three research projects concerning the role of the foreign press, of the Spanish daily press and the magazine marketin which we can observe both convergence and discrepance in the news narrative, editorial behaviour and political standpoints. The greater independence and informative freedom of the foreign press contrasts with the proximity of the Spanish press to both King and government with the exception of the critical support to reform expressed in both the new political magazines and newspapers during the first few months of the process of political change.El papel de la prensa nacional y extranjera en la cobertura informativa de la Transición española a la democracia (1975-1978) ha sido una referencia constante en la historiografía del período de cambio político en España tras el final de la dictadura de Franco, así como en la cultura periodística. En este artículo presentamos los resultados generales de tres proyectos de investigación sobre el papel de la prensa extranjera, de la prensa diaria española y de la prensa no diaria enlos que se pueden comprobar convergencias y discrepancias en el relato informativo, las valoraciones editoriales y los posicionamientos políticos. La mayor independencia y libertad informativa de la prensa extranjera contrasta con la proximidad de la prensa española al rey y al gobierno, con la excepción del apoyo crítico a la reforma de las nuevas revistas políticas y los diarios surgidos en los primeros meses del proceso de cambio político

Advocacy journalism: últimes notícies del debat sobre l'ètica periodística i la cobertura del conflicte armat

Entre els debats més importants del reporterisme de guerra contemporani, l'arribada del denominat periodisme patriòtic i la concurrent consolidació d'una forma intervencionista de periodisme bèl·lic conegut com advocacy journalism poden ser considerats com els més rellevants. El present article traça la imposició d'aquests dos models i considera les seves repercussions per al periodisme internacional. La neutralitat del reporter de guerra, la compatibilitat complexa de patriotisme i professionalisme, i el nivell d'intervenció legítima del periodista són els aspectes tractats des de perspectives enfrontades.Advocacy journalism: latest news on the media ethics debate and the coverage of armed conflict The advent of so-called patriotic journalism and the concurrent consolidation of a controversial and interventionist form of conflict journalism, referred to as advocacy journalism, are amongst the most important debates in contemporary war reporting. This article briefly traces the imposition of these models and considers their ethical repercussions on international journalism. The neutrality of the war reporter, the complex compatibility of patriotism and professionalism and the level of legitimate intervention on behalf of the journalist are all aspects that are considered here from opposing perspectives

Advocacy journalism: últimes notícies del debat sobre l'ètica periodística i la cobertura del conflicte armat

Entre els debats més importants del reporterisme de guerra contemporani, l'arribada del denominat periodisme patriòtic i la concurrent consolidació d'una forma intervencionista de periodisme bèl·lic conegut com advocacy journalism poden ser considerats com els més rellevants. El present article traça la imposició d'aquests dos models i considera les seves repercussions per al periodisme internacional. La neutralitat del reporter de guerra, la compatibilitat complexa de patriotisme i professionalisme, i el nivell d'intervenció legítima del periodista són els aspectes tractats des de perspectives enfrontades.Advocacy journalism: latest news on the media ethics debate and the coverage of armed conflict The advent of so-called patriotic journalism and the concurrent consolidation of a controversial and interventionist form of conflict journalism, referred to as advocacy journalism, are amongst the most important debates in contemporary war reporting. This article briefly traces the imposition of these models and considers their ethical repercussions on international journalism. The neutrality of the war reporter, the complex compatibility of patriotism and professionalism and the level of legitimate intervention on behalf of the journalist are all aspects that are considered here from opposing perspectives

Copper in West Australian butter

A SURVEY was conducted throughout 1963 to determine the copper content of West Australian butter. Samples were collected about three times monthly from each of the seven W.A. butter factories and examined in the Dairy Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture

Hay and pasture digestibility measured in the laboratory

A recently developed i n vitro (laboratory) method of determining the digestibility of hay and pastures is giving good results in the Department of Agriculture\u27s Dairy Laboratory

Social Media as News Source in International Conflicts. Journalistic practice in Catalan Television bulletins during the Arab Spring in Egypt

El presente artículo analiza el uso de social media como fuente de información en el desarrollo de conflictos internacionales. Para ello se utiliza como estudio de caso el empleo de fuentes como Twitter o Facebook durante la cobertura informativa del estallido de la denominada Primavera Árabe por parte de la cadena de televisión pública Televisión de Cataluña, TV3. Se trata de un conflicto de interés internacional en el cual los medios sociales fueron un actor comunicativo destacado. Analizamos si esta presencia de medios sociales en el conflicto se ve reflejada en los informativos deTV3, dado que el uso de social media como fuente de información comporta un debate deontológico sobre su legitimidad, capacidad de verificación y falta de prestigio cuando se comparan con las fuentes oficiales, tal y como se observa en la literatura académica especializada. El análisis de contenido de las unidades informativas que conforman la muestra y los datos aportados por los redactores y máximos responsables de la sección de Internacional de la cadena nos revelan un peso escaso de los social media como fuente de información en las noticias, mientras destaca el ciudadano como fuente no oficial. Esta jerarquización de fuentes responde a la línea editorial de una cadena de recursos limitados en la que se prima la calidad de la noticia con cobertura informativa sobre el terreno, frente a la inmediatez que proporcionan los medios sociales como fuente y a la dificultad que conlleva su verificación. A pesar de ser una revuelta conocida como the Facebook Revolution, los medios mostraron reticencias a la hora de incorporarlos en sus rutinas profesionales. Los resultados nos plantean un debate abierto sobre la omnipresencia de medios sociales en el día a día del periodista y la poca presencia detectada en su producción informativa.This article analyzes the use of social media as a source of information in the development of international conflicts. For this purpose, the use of sources such as Twitter or Facebook during the coverage of the outbreak of the so-called Arab Spring by apublic television channel such as the Catalan station TV3 is used as a case study. In this international conflict, social media was a prominent news actor. We analyze whether the presence of social media in the conflict is reflected in the news items broadcast byTV3, since the use of social media as a source of information entails a deontological debate about its legitimacy, verification capacity and lack of prestige when compared to official sources, as can be seen in the specialized academic literature. The content analysis of the sample and the data provided by the editors and senior figures of the International section of the channel reveal a lack of social media as a source of information in the news, whilst highlighting the citizen as an official source. This source hierarchy responds to the editorial line of a media outlet with limited resources in which the quality of the news in the field is considered a priority as opposed to the immediacy provided by social media as a source and the difficulty of its verification. Despite being a popular revolt known as the Facebook Revolution the media showed a certain reluctance to incorporate social media into their professional routines. The results present an open debate about the omnipresence of social media in the daily life of the journalist compared to the reduced presence detected in his or her news output

Behaviors of a captive coenobita clypeatus in the presence of varying light stimuli

Coenobita clypeatus, or the purple pincher, is a terrestrial hermit crab and common pet in the United States. Modern behavioral studies have waned since the early 2000s; we therefore sought to characterize the behavior of a single captive C. clypeatus under varying light conditions. Frequency and duration of behaviors were studied in the presence of different light stimuli, along with weight monitoring. The crab was recorded for a set period of time every night with all conditions standardized except for light. The light stimulus alternated between no light, blue light, and red light. The case study revealed a significant increase in feeding behavior duration under blue light and a return to baseline conditions under red light. A non-significant trend of greater frequency of activity under red light was observed. These data support further research on C. clypeatus that might have implications for visual learning and improving captive conditions

Tight constraints on the existence of additional planets around HD 189733

We report a transit timing study of the transiting exoplanetary system HD 189733. In total we observed ten transits in 2006 and 2008 with the 2.6-m Nordic Optical Telescope, and two transits in 2007 with the 4.2-m William Herschel Telescope. We used Markov-Chain Monte Carlo simulations to derive the system parameters and their uncertainties, and our results are in a good agreement with previously published values. We performed two independent analyses of transit timing residuals to place upper mass limits on putative perturbing planets. The results show no evidence for the presence of planets down to 1 Earth mass near the 1:2 and 2:1 resonance orbits, and planets down to 2.2 Earth masses near the 3:5 and 5:3 resonance orbits with HD 189733b. These are the strongest limits to date on the presence of other planets in this system.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRA

Challenges That Hinder Parturients to Deliver in Health Facilities: a Qualitative Analysis in Two Districts of Indonesia

Background: There are many challenges women face to be able to give birth in health facilities in many parts of Indonesia. This study explores the roles and observations of close-to-community maternal health providers and other community members on potential barriers faced by women to deliver in health facilities in two districts within The Archipelago. Methods: Employing an explorative qualitative approach, 110 semi-structured interviews and 7 focus group discussions were conducted in 8 villages in Southwest Sumba, in the East Nusa Tenggara province, and in 8 villages in Cianjur, in the West Java province. The participants included village midwives, Posyandu volunteer (village health volunteers), traditional birth attendants (TBAs), mothers, men, village heads and district health officials. Results: The main findings were mostly similar in the two study areas. However, there were some key differences. Preference for TBA care, traditional beliefs, a lack of responsiveness of health providers to local traditions, distance, cost of travel and indirect costs of accompanying family members were all barriers to patients attending health facilities for the birth of their child. TBAs were the preferred health providers in most cases due to their close proximity at the time of childbirth and their adherence to traditional practices during pregnancy and delivery. Conclusions: Improving collaborations between midwives and TBAs, collaboration, and responsiveness to traditional practices within health facilities and effective health promotion campaigns about the benefits of giving birth in health facilities may increase the use of health facilities in both study areas.&nbsp