An intense, slow and cold beam of metastable Ne(3s) ^3P_2 atoms

We employ laser cooling to intensify and cool an atomic beam of metastable Ne(3s) atoms. Using several collimators, a slower and a compressor we achieve a ^{20}Ne^* flux of 6 10^{10} atoms/s in an 0.7 mm diameter beam traveling at 100 m/s, and having longitudinal and transverse temperatures of 25mK and 300microK, respectively. This constitutes the highest flux in a concentrated beam achieved to date with metastable rare gas atoms. We characterize the action of the various cooling stages in terms of their influence on the flux, diameter and divergence of the atomic beam. The brightness and brilliance achieved are 2.1 10^{21} s^{-1} m^{-2} sr^{-1} and 5.0 10^{22} s^{-1} m^{-2} sr^{-1}, respectively, comparable to the highest values reported for alkali-metal beams. Bright beams of the ^{21}Ne and ^{22}Ne isotopes have also been created.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures, RevTe

In vivo anomalous diffusion and weak ergodicity breaking of lipid granules

Combining extensive single particle tracking microscopy data of endogenous lipid granules in living fission yeast cells with analytical results we show evidence for anomalous diffusion and weak ergodicity breaking. Namely we demonstrate that at short times the granules perform subdiffusion according to the laws of continuous time random walk theory. The associated violation of ergodicity leads to a characteristic turnover between two scaling regimes of the time averaged mean squared displacement. At longer times the granule motion is consistent with fractional Brownian motion.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, REVTeX. Supplementary Material. Physical Review Letters, at pres

Massive Black Hole Binary Inspirals: Results from the LISA Parameter Estimation Taskforce

The LISA Parameter Estimation (LISAPE) Taskforce was formed in September 2007 to provide the LISA Project with vetted codes, source distribution models, and results related to parameter estimation. The Taskforce's goal is to be able to quickly calculate the impact of any mission design changes on LISA's science capabilities, based on reasonable estimates of the distribution of astrophysical sources in the universe. This paper describes our Taskforce's work on massive black-hole binaries (MBHBs). Given present uncertainties in the formation history of MBHBs, we adopt four different population models, based on (i) whether the initial black-hole seeds are small or large, and (ii) whether accretion is efficient or inefficient at spinning up the holes. We compare four largely independent codes for calculating LISA's parameter-estimation capabilities. All codes are based on the Fisher-matrix approximation, but in the past they used somewhat different signal models, source parametrizations and noise curves. We show that once these differences are removed, the four codes give results in extremely close agreement with each other. Using a code that includes both spin precession and higher harmonics in the gravitational-wave signal, we carry out Monte Carlo simulations and determine the number of events that can be detected and accurately localized in our four population models.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables, minor changes to match version to be published in the proceedings of the 7th LISA Symposium. For more information see the Taskforce's wiki at http://www.tapir.caltech.edu/dokuwiki/lisape:hom

An approach to fulfill art 8 of directive 2009/128: procedure of risk assessment for pesticide application equipment

The EU Directive 2009/128/EC on the sustainable use of pesticides requires that Member States (MS) shall ensure that all Pesticide Application Equipment (PAE) in professional use shall be subject to inspection at regular intervals. Article 8.3 of the Directive allows the MS to derogate from the mandatory inspection at regular intervals or to apply different timetables and inspection intervals for certain types of PAE based on a Risk Assessment (RA) for human health, food safety and environment and an assessment of the scale of use. In order to fulfill Article 8.3, a risk assessment protocol was developed in Belgium within the framework of the SIRA-APESTICON project. Risk is now evaluated for the human health and the environment on all Belgian equipment. It will offer guidelines about the necessity to carry out an inspection of every PAE in use. The protocol is based on technical parameters subject to inspections, their occurrences and severities, but also on national scale of use of the PAE types. Results are expressed at different scale levels: the defect, the machine and the country.The EU Directive 2009/128/EC on the sustainable use of pesticides requires that Member States (MS) shall ensure that all Pesticide Application Equipment (PAE) in professional use shall be subject to inspection at regular intervals. Article 8.3 of the Directive allows the MS to derogate from the mandatory inspection at regular intervals or to apply different timetables and inspection intervals for certain types of PAE based on a Risk Assessment (RA) for human health, food safety and environment and an assessment of the scale of use. In order to fulfill Article 8.3, a risk assessment protocol was developed in Belgium within the framework of the SIRA-APESTICON project. Risk is now evaluated for the human health and the environment on all Belgian equipment. It will offer guidelines about the necessity to carry out an inspection of every PAE in use. The protocol is based on technical parameters subject to inspections, their occurrences and severities, but also on national scale of use of the PAE types. Results are expressed at different scale levels: the defect, the machine and the country

Vitamin D supplementation in cutaneous malignant melanoma outcome (ViDMe): a randomized controlled trial.

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Evaluation of Anchovy Fish Meal with or without Added Fish Solubles Compared to Other Specialty Protein Sources on Nursery Pig Performance

A total of 2,172 pigs (L337 × 1050 PIC; initially 11.4 lb) were used to evaluate anchovy fish meal with or without added anchovy fish solubles compared to other specialty protein sources on nursery pig performance in a commercial environment. At weaning, pigs were randomly allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments containing 6 different specialty protein sources added on an SID Lys basis. Dietary treatments consisted of diets with: 1) 7.0% enzymatically treated soybean meal (HP 300; Hamlet Protein; Findlay, OH); 2) 3.5% spray-dried bovine plasma (APC Inc, Ankeny, IA); 3) 5.0% microbially enhanced soybean meal (MEPro, Prairie Aquatech, Brookings, SD); 4) 5.2% microbially enhanced soybean meal with added anchovy fish solubles (TASA, Lima, Peru); 5) 4.85% anchovy fish meal (TASA Prime, TASA, Lima, Peru); and 6) 5.1% anchovy fish meal with added fish solubles (TASA Swine, TASA, Lima, Peru). Pigs were fed experimental diets in phases 1 and 2 based on feed budget with phase 1 fed at 5 lb/pig and phase 2 fed at 12 lb/pig. Experimental diets were fed for approximately 21 d after weaning and then all pigs were fed a common corn-soybean meal-based diet until the completion of the study. During the experimental period (d 0 to 21), pigs fed bovine plasma or anchovy fish meal had increased (P \u3c 0.05) ADG compared to pigs fed anchovy fish meal with solubles, with pigs fed other treatments intermediate. Pigs fed bovine plasma had improved (P \u3c 0.05) F/G compared to pigs fed anchovy fish meal with solubles, with pigs fed other treatments intermediate. Overall (d 0 to 42), a tendency was observed (P = 0.061) with pigs fed anchovy fish meal having numerically greater ADG compared to those fed the other treatments. On a per pig placed basis, there was a significant treatment effect (P = 0.032) where pigs fed anchovy fish meal had numerically higher ADG compared to the other treatments without significant mean separation. In conclusion, results of this trial indicated that anchovy fish meal as the sole specialty protein source can be utilized in nursery pig diets, but added fish solubles in combination with fish meal requires further investigation

Influence of Protein Source on Growth Performance in Nursery Pigs

A total of 330 pigs (241 × 600, DNA; initially 10.7 lb) were used to determine the influence of dietary protein source on growth performance in nursery pigs. At weaning, pigs were randomly allotted to 1 of 6 dietary treatments with 4 or 5 pigs per pen and 12 replications per treatment. Dietary treatments were arranged in a one-way treatment structure with diets containing different protein sources; enzymatically treated soybean meal (HP 300; Hamlet Protein, Findlay, OH), spray-dried bovine plasma (APC Corp, Ankeny, IA), fermented soybean meal (ME-PRO; Prairie Aquatech, Brookings, SD) with or without fish solubles (TASA, Lima, Peru), fish meal (TASA Prime meal; TASA, Lima, Peru), and custom-made fish meal (TASA Swine; TASA, Lima, Peru). Because of a delay in arrival of the fish meal source, all pigs were placed on a common phase 1 diet for 3 d after weaning. On d 3, all feeders were weighed, dumped, and refilled with experimental diets. Pigs were fed experimental phase 1 diets for 9 d (d 3 to 12) followed by phase 2 diets for 15 d. Following phase 2, all pigs were fed a common diet for an additional 15 d. In all weigh periods and overall, there were no significant differences between treatments for BW, ADG, ADFI, and F/G. For economic analysis (d 0 to 40), pigs fed spray-dried bovine plasma had the greatest (P ≤ 0.001) feed cost and feed cost per lb of gain compared to all other treatments. There were no differences in revenue or IOFC between treatments. In summary, utilizing alternative protein sources in phase 1 and 2 nursery pigs’ diets had no effect on growth performance. However, there was a 5 to 7% improvement in ADG for pigs fed spray-dried bovine plasma and custom-made fish meal

Effect of Dietary Salt and Zinc Level on Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter of Nursery Pigs

A total of 360 pigs (Line 600 × 241, DNA; initially 12.6 ± 0.5 lb) were used to determine the effect of feeding different levels of dietary Na alone or in combination with pharmacological levels of Zn on growth performance and fecal dry matter of nursery pigs. At weaning, pigs were randomly allotted to pens (6 pigs per pen) and fed a common diet for 7 days. On d 7 after weaning (d 0 of the trial), pigs were assigned to 1 of 6 dietary treatments with 10 replications per treatment. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with main effects of added Zn (0 or 2,000 ppm Zn from ZnO) and Na (0.13, 0.24, or 0.35% from salt). All diets contained 110 ppm of Zn from ZnO from the trace mineral premix. Following a 14-d experimental period, pigs were fed a common phase 3 diet for 21 days. From d 0 to 14, increasing Na increased (linear, P \u3c 0.05) ADG, ADFI, and BW. The addition of ZnO in the diet also increased (P \u3c 0.001) ADG, ADFI, and BW. An interaction (linear, P = 0.027) was observed where increasing Na up to 0.35% improved F/G from d 0 to 14 only when pharmacological levels of Zn were fed. Within the interaction, pigs fed diets without ZnO showed a response (quadratic, P = 0.027) in F/G as Na increased. When Na was increased from 0.13 to 0.24% F/G improved, but when Na was further increased to 0.35% F/G worsened. When 2,000 ppm of Zn was added, F/G improved (linear, P = 0.003) as Na increased. From d 14 to 35 and overall, an interaction was observed (linear, P \u3c 0.05) for F/G. Within the interaction, pigs fed diets without ZnO showed a linear increase in F/G as Na level increased (linear, P ≤ 0.011). On d 7, fecal dry matter decreased and then subsequently increased (quadratic, P = 0.026) with increasing Na. Unexpectedly, pigs fed added Zn had decreased (P = 0.008) fecal dry matter on d 14. In summary, increasing dietary Na and the addition of pharmacological levels of Zn independently improved daily gain and feed intake in nursery pigs, but an improvement in F/G from increasing Na was only observed when pharmacological ZnO was also present