In Vitro Murine Lymphoma L5178y-R Cells Growth Inhibition By Endophytic Fungi Isolated From Lophocereus Marginatus

Background: Chemotherapy is one of the main treatments to fight cancer. However, about 90% of failures in this procedure are due to the invasion and metastasis of drug-resistant cancer cells. Therefore, the search for new drugs has become critical in oncology. Endophytic fungi, as important sources of bioactive compounds, represent an alternative for the isolation, characterization, and development of new pharmacological treatments for cancer control. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of liquid culture extracts of endophytic fungi isolated from Lophocereus marginatus against murine lymphoma L5178Y-R cells. Methods: Endophytic fungi obtained from L. marginatus stems were isolated and morphologically characterized. Aqueous, methanolic, and ethyl acetate extracts were obtained from fungal liquid cultures. To evaluate the anticancer activity, we used tumor L5178Y-R cells and control peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Extracts were evaluated at 250 and 25 µg/mL and 250 µg/mL, using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) colorimetric reduction assay to determine cytotoxicity. Vincristine and 1% DMSO were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. The IC50 value and selectivity index (SI) were determined only for the extracts that presented the highest antitumor activity. These isolates were molecularly identified from sequencing of the spacer region of the ribosomal DNA internal transcript (ITS). A metabolite production curve was performed with selected isolates to determine the time of the highest antitumor activity. Results: Ten endophytic fungi from L. marginatus were isolated and morphologically characterized. Results showed that aqueous extracts presented lower lymphoma cells growth inhibition (\u3c 50%) at the highest concentration evaluated (250 µg/mL), as compared with ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts, which showed up to 93.4% and 94.3% cells growth inhibition, respectively. Ten extracts with \u3e 80% tumor cells growth inhibition were selected and evaluated at 250 µg/mL on PBMCs viability. Extracts showing less than 50% cytotoxicity to PBMCs were selected and IC50 and IS were determined. Strain PME-H005 presented the highest toxicity against L5178Y-R cells and the highest SI with IC50 of 39.7 µg/mL and IS \u3e 6.2, as compared with PBMCs. Four isolates that showed the highest antitumor activity were molecularly identified, corresponding to the species Penicillium citrinum, Aspergillus versicolor, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Cladosporium sp. When performing the metabolite production curve, it was observed that only A. versicolor PME-H005 and M. anisopliae PME-H007 strains retained antitumor activity, where the ethyl acetate extracts showed the highest activity with IC50 values of 23.2 µg/ mL (28 d) for the PME-H005 strain and 2.7 µg/mL (21 d) for PME-H007. Conclusions: A. versicolor PME-H005 and M. anisopliae PME-H007 strains extracts showed significant antitumor activity against L5178Y-R lymphoma cells. Further research is required to characterize bioactive compounds responsible for this activity

AMI observations of unmatched Planck ERCSC LFI sources at 15.75 GHz

The Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue includes 26 sources with no obvious matches in other radio catalogues (of primarily extragalactic sources). Here we present observations made with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager Small Array (AMI SA) at 15.75 GHz of the eight of the unmatched sources at declination > +10 degrees. Of the eight, four are detected and are associated with known objects. The other four are not detected with the AMI SA, and are thought to be spurious.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, 4 table

Five-Year Outcomes With Pembrolizumab Versus Chemotherapy for Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score ≥ 50.

Purpose We report the first 5-year follow-up of any first-line phase III immunotherapy trial for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). KEYNOTE-024 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02142738) is an open-label, randomized controlled trial of pembrolizumab compared with platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated NSCLC with a programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion score of at least 50% and no sensitizing EGFR or ALK alterations. Previous analyses showed pembrolizumab significantly improved progression-free survival and overall survival (OS).Methods Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to pembrolizumab (200 mg once every 3 weeks for up to 35 cycles) or platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients in the chemotherapy group with progressive disease could cross over to pembrolizumab. The primary end point was progression-free survival; OS was a secondary end point.Results Three hundred five patients were randomly assigned: 154 to pembrolizumab and 151 to chemotherapy. Median (range) time from randomization to data cutoff (June 1, 2020) was 59.9 (55.1-68.4) months. Among patients initially assigned to chemotherapy, 99 received subsequent anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 therapy, representing a 66.0% effective crossover rate. Median OS was 26.3 months (95% CI, 18.3-40.4) for pembrolizumab and 13.4 months (9.4-18.3) for chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.48-0.81). Kaplan-Meier estimates of the 5-year OS rate were 31.9% for the pembrolizumab group and 16.3% for the chemotherapy group. Thirty-nine patients received 35 cycles (ie, approximately 2 years) of pembrolizumab, 82.1% of whom were still alive at data cutoff (approximately 5 years). Toxicity did not increase with longer treatment exposure.Conclusion Pembrolizumab provides a durable, clinically meaningful long-term OS benefit versus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for metastatic NSCLC with PD-L1 tumor proportion score of at least 50%

From chemosynthesis-based communities to cold-water corals: Vulnerable deep-sea habitats of the Gulf of Cádiz

The Gulf of Cádiz (GoC) represents an area of ecological importance within the northeastern Atlantic Ocean due to the presence of Mediterranean and Atlantic water masses, a heterogeneous seafloor and a biological confluence. Nevertheless, information on the presence of vulnerable deep-sea habitats is still very scarce and it is of importance for further habitat monitoring within the context of the Habitats and Marine Strategy Framework Directives and for improving conservation and resource extraction management. From 2010 to 2012, fluid migration and emission related edifices (e.g., mud volcanoes, diapirs) from the Spanish continental margin of the GoC have been explored using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV; Liropus 2000) and an underwater camera sled (UCS; APHIA 2012) as well as several devices for collecting sediment and fauna. Different vulnerable deep-sea habitats have been observed, including anoxic bottoms with bacterial mats, sea-pen communities, sponge aggregations, antipatharian and gorgonian communities and also cold-water coral banks. Some of these habitats are included in conservation lists of the habitat directive and in international conventions (OSPAR, RAC/SPA), however some of them are located in areas of the GoC that are exposed to intense trawling. The diversity of habitats detected in the Spanish continental margin of the GoC highlights the importance of seepage related edifices as inducers of seabed and habitat heterogeneity in deep-sea areas.En prens

La protección de datos personales en Iberoamérica

I. INTRODUCCIÓN. II. LA PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS EN ALGUNOS PAÍSES DE IBEROAMÉRICA: 1. En Argentina: 1.1. Reconocimiento constitucional del derecho a la protección de datos; 1.2. La ley de Protección de Datos Personales: a) La formación de archivos de datos; b) Derechos de los titulares en relación a sus datos personales; 1.3. Acción de protección de los datos personales. 2. En Colombia: 2.1 Jurisprudencia Constitucional anterior a la entrada en vigencia de la Ley 1266 de 2008 (Ley de Habeas Data); 2.2 Ley 1266 de 2008, por la cual se dictan disposiciones generales sobre el habeas data. 3. En Perú: 3.1. Precepto Constitucional; 3.2. Normas o Leyes que protegen los datos personales; 3.3. Jurisprudencia Comentada y la acción de Habeas Data. 4. En República Dominicana: 4.1. Precepto Constitucional; 4.2. Normas o Leyes que protegen los datos personales; 4.3. Resolución 055-06 del Instituto Dominicano de Telecomunicaciones (INDOTEL). 5. En Venezuela: 5.1. Habeas Data como un amparo especializado; 5.2. El Habeas Data como una acción autónoma; 5.3. De la competencia para conocer de la acción autónoma de Habeas Data; 5.4. Los sujetos en el ejercicio de la acción de Habeas Data. 6. En Uruguay: 6.1. Régimen legal: a) Principios generales de la ley; b) Principales derechos de las personas; c) Datos con régimen especial: sensibles y especialmente protegidos; 6.2. Control y vigilancia del sistema de protección; 6.3. Habeas data. III. CONCLUSIONES.La Protección de datos personales es un derecho fundamental del ser humano y en la actualidad, los Países Iberoamericanos de Colombia, Perú, República Dominicana, Venezuela y Uruguay han adoptado preceptos legislativos para proteger los derechos relacionados a la intimidad de la persona. Asimismo tienen prevista la acción de Habeas Data como mecanismo de protección a estos derechos. No obstante, aunque algunos países han adoptado leyes especiales para la protección de datos personales, como Argentina, Colombia y Uruguay, y otros cuentan con una protección específica de los datos personales en sus Textos Constitucionales, tal es el caso de Colombia, Argentina y Venezuela, el resto de los países mencionados en este artículo Perú y República Dominicana podrían proveer de protección al "Derecho a la Protección de Datos Personales", como tal, a través de una inclusión constitucional y/o de una legislación especial, donde se establezca este derecho del sujeto titular de los datos personales.The Protection of personal data is a fundamental human right being and at present, acknowledged as so in the new regulations adopted by the Latin-American Countries of Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Dominican Republic, Venezuela and Uruguay. Likewise they have established the Habeas Data as the specific legal action to claim violations to the rights of personal data protection and intimacy. Nevertheless, though some countries as Argentina, Colombia and Uruguay count with an specific law to protect Habeas Data, and even others contempt the protection in their Constitutions, as Colombia, Argentina and Venezuela, the rest of the mentioned countries, meaning Peru and Dominican Republic, could provide protection to this right by means of incorporation of constitutional provisions and by approving special rules recognizing the right to personal data protection

La protección de datos personales en Iberoamérica

I. INTRODUCCIÓN. II. LA PROTECCIÓN DE DATOS EN ALGUNOS PAÍSES DE IBEROAMÉRICA: 1. En Argentina: 1.1. Reconocimiento constitucional del derecho a la protección de datos; 1.2. La ley de Protección de Datos Personales: a) La formación de archivos de datos; b) Derechos de los titulares en relación a sus datos personales; 1.3. Acción de protección de los datos personales. 2. En Colombia: 2.1 Jurisprudencia Constitucional anterior a la entrada en vigencia de la Ley 1266 de 2008 (Ley de Habeas Data); 2.2 Ley 1266 de 2008, por la cual se dictan disposiciones generales sobre el habeas data. 3. En Perú: 3.1. Precepto Constitucional; 3.2. Normas o Leyes que protegen los datos personales; 3.3. Jurisprudencia Comentada y la acción de Habeas Data. 4. En República Dominicana: 4.1. Precepto Constitucional; 4.2. Normas o Leyes que protegen los datos personales; 4.3. Resolución 055-06 del Instituto Dominicano de Telecomunicaciones (INDOTEL). 5. En Venezuela: 5.1. Habeas Data como un amparo especializado; 5.2. El Habeas Data como una acción autónoma; 5.3. De la competencia para conocer de la acción autónoma de Habeas Data; 5.4. Los sujetos en el ejercicio de la acción de Habeas Data. 6. En Uruguay: 6.1. Régimen legal: a) Principios generales de la ley; b) Principales derechos de las personas; c) Datos con régimen especial: sensibles y especialmente protegidos; 6.2. Control y vigilancia del sistema de protección; 6.3. Habeas data. III. CONCLUSIONES.La Protección de datos personales es un derecho fundamental del ser humano y en la actualidad, los Países Iberoamericanos de Colombia, Perú, República Dominicana, Venezuela y Uruguay han adoptado preceptos legislativos para proteger los derechos relacionados a la intimidad de la persona. Asimismo tienen prevista la acción de Habeas Data como mecanismo de protección a estos derechos. No obstante, aunque algunos países han adoptado leyes especiales para la protección de datos personales, como Argentina, Colombia y Uruguay, y otros cuentan con una protección específica de los datos personales en sus Textos Constitucionales, tal es el caso de Colombia, Argentina y Venezuela, el resto de los países mencionados en este artículo Perú y República Dominicana podrían proveer de protección al "Derecho a la Protección de Datos Personales", como tal, a través de una inclusión constitucional y/o de una legislación especial, donde se establezca este derecho del sujeto titular de los datos personales.The Protection of personal data is a fundamental human right being and at present, acknowledged as so in the new regulations adopted by the Latin-American Countries of Argentina, Colombia, Peru, Dominican Republic, Venezuela and Uruguay. Likewise they have established the Habeas Data as the specific legal action to claim violations to the rights of personal data protection and intimacy. Nevertheless, though some countries as Argentina, Colombia and Uruguay count with an specific law to protect Habeas Data, and even others contempt the protection in their Constitutions, as Colombia, Argentina and Venezuela, the rest of the mentioned countries, meaning Peru and Dominican Republic, could provide protection to this right by means of incorporation of constitutional provisions and by approving special rules recognizing the right to personal data protection

PERFORMA AKUSTIK PADA RUANG MUSIK DI SEKOLAH LUAR BIASA NEGERI MARAWOLA KABUPATEN SIGI

Ruang musik dengan menggunakan bahan isolasi bunyi dari glasswool yang dipadukan dengan beberapa bahan bangunan, seperti tripleks, hardboard dan dinding bata, serta desain tata letak ruang dan bukaan yang spesifik sesuai dengan aturan performa akustik pada umumnya, dimana akan dibahas eksplorasi desain akustik dengan pendekatan analisa pengaruh level/tingkatan suara.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kajian performa level suara dan performa akuistik menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan yaitu mampu menghilangkan dengung dalam ruang sehingga menghasilkan suara musik yang baik dalam ruang dan mampu menahan rambatan bunyi poda lingkungan sekitarnya sehingga keberadaan ruang musik di Sekolah Luar Biasa Marawola tersebut tidak menggangu aktifitas belajar-mengajar pada ruang sekitarny