SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF MACROALGAL COMMUNITIES IN THE PRETO RIVER BASIN, SAO-PAULO, SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Macroalgal seasonality was analyzed in nine stream segments of the Preto River basin: five of these were sampled monthly for one year and four bimonthly during two years. Seasonal variation of macroalgae was correlated with stream variables (temperature, current velocity, specific conductance, turbidity, surface light, pH and oxygen). Multiple linear regression was applied to evaluate the macroalgal seasonal variability determined by a combination of temperature, current velocity and turbidity, the most influential environmental parameters on macroalgal seasonality. Most species revealed a clear seasonal trend, such that late fall through early spring was the period with highest macroalgal abundance in most sites. Temperature, current velocity and turbidity account for 24 to 83 % of macroalgal species number variation and 24 to 79 % of macroalgal abundance in the basin. The results suggest that the seasonal flow determined by the precipitation regime associated with turbidity and temperature were the major factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of macroalgal communities. The highest values of macroalgal species number and abundance were found under cooler temperatures, lower current velocities and lower values of turbidity.UNIV ESTADUAL PAULISTA,DEPT BOT,BR-15001 S JOSE RIO PR,SP,BRAZILUNIV ESTADUAL PAULISTA,DEPT BOT,BR-15001 S JOSE RIO PR,SP,BRAZI

SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF MACROALGAL COMMUNITIES IN THE PRETO RIVER BASIN, SAO-PAULO, SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Macroalgal seasonality was analyzed in nine stream segments of the Preto River basin: five of these were sampled monthly for one year and four bimonthly during two years. Seasonal variation of macroalgae was correlated with stream variables (temperature, current velocity, specific conductance, turbidity, surface light, pH and oxygen). Multiple linear regression was applied to evaluate the macroalgal seasonal variability determined by a combination of temperature, current velocity and turbidity, the most influential environmental parameters on macroalgal seasonality. Most species revealed a clear seasonal trend, such that late fall through early spring was the period with highest macroalgal abundance in most sites. Temperature, current velocity and turbidity account for 24 to 83 % of macroalgal species number variation and 24 to 79 % of macroalgal abundance in the basin. The results suggest that the seasonal flow determined by the precipitation regime associated with turbidity and temperature were the major factors influencing the seasonal dynamics of macroalgal communities. The highest values of macroalgal species number and abundance were found under cooler temperatures, lower current velocities and lower values of turbidity

Teor proteico e mineral das silagens de sorgo consorciadas com gramíneas aditivadas com ureia

O conhecimento da dinâmica de cultivo do sorgo consorciado com forrageiras tropicais para produção de silagem é importante tanto para a nutrição animal, visando a qualidade do alimento, como para a sustentabilidade do sistema de produção agrícola. Seguindo essa lógica, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar os teores de proteína bruta e de macronutrientes das silagens de sorgo forrageiro em cultivo solteiro ou em consórcio com capim-marandu ou capim-mombaça, acrescidas de doses de ureia no momento da ensilagem. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, em fatorial 3 x 5, com os três tipos de silagem (sorgo forrageiro em monocultivo, consorciado com Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu ou com o Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça) e cinco doses de ureia como aditivo na ensilagem (0; 2,5; 5,0 e 7,5%). Foram determinados os teores de proteína bruta e de macronutrientes (P, K, Ca, Mg e S) antes e após o processo de ensilagem. A adição de doses até 7,5% de ureia no material a ser ensilado é eficiente em aumentar o teor de proteína bruta e de enxofre da silagem. As silagens de sorgo forrageiro consorciado com capim-marandu e capim-mombaça apresentaram maiores teores de proteína bruta, fósforo e potássio que a silagem de sorgo em monocultivo quando não há adição de ureia