Bodenoekologische Untersuchungen zur Wirkung und Verteilung von organischen Stoffgruppen (PAK, PCB) in ballungsraumtypischen Oekosystemen. Teilprojekt C: Aufnahme, Verbleib und Metabolisierung von PCB/PAK in Pflanzen bei Wachstum auf mehrfach kontaminierten Boeden. Rueckstandsanalytik von PAK und PCB in verschiedenen Matrices fuer die Teilprojekte A, C und G Abschlussbericht

Former sewage farms are areas where complex interactions occur in between the manifold chemical contaminants, the soils and the living organism. The reforesting attempts in such an area were confronted with unexpected difficulties. Over a three years period we investigated the influence of sewage farm soils and laboratory spiked sewage farm soils over Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris) and witchwoods (Sorbus aucuparia). The woods were cultivated in Mitscherlich-containers under controlled conditions. The main questions were weather the residues in the sewage farm soils have any detectable effects on the plant development and weather the use of selected contaminants (PCB 52, BaP, Cu and Cd) and their combinations in the laboratory spiked soils facilitate to clarify and to interpret this effects. The biomass production of the plants grown in sewage soils was, according to the chemical contamination and physical characteristics of the soils, lower then in the controls. The organic contaminants in the spiked soils had alone no influence on the plant growth. We could not detect any uptake of those substances via the soil-roots pathway. The heavy metals had a negative effect over the plant growth. We measured increased concentrations of those metals in different compartments of the plants. The combination of organic chemicals and heavy metals had no influence over the uptake of the firsts in plants. Still PCB 52 and BaP showed the tendency to inhibit partially the toxic effect of the heavy metals. For the analysis of PCBs in sewage field soil and plant debris a VDLUFA method for soil, sewage sludge, and compost was established. The artificial contamination of sewage field soil in a multi-tier process yielded a sufficiently homogeneous distribution of the organic contaminants for all the contamination variants. A decrease of PCB 52 due to aging was measurable, primarily during the first year of storage. After two years of storage, no further reduction of the extractable contents of active ingredient could be observed. For benzo(a)pyren, based on the data available no aging during the entire storage period could be detected with certainty. However, BaP degradation in soil is known to be slow. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F97B2377 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Bodenoekologische Untersuchungen zur Wirkung und Verteilung von organischen Stoffgruppen (PAK, PCB) in ballungsraumtypischen Oekosystemen Gemeinsamer Abschlussbericht

In this interdisciplinary complex of matched field and laboratory experiments, the effects of defined pollutant loads were analysed by means of suitable representatives of different groups of soil organisms (soil fauna and soil micro-organisms) and by means of soil processes depending on them (for instance, enzyme activities, degradation of litter, nitrification, feeding damage). Similarly, the influence of selected organic pollutants, part of them in combination with heavy metals, on the soil-plant system was studied in selected herbaceous and ligneous types of plants in different development stages. Further, the possibility of developing a test battery was investigated which would indicate the toxicity of soil by means of watery and organic extracts. (orig.)In diesem interdisziplinaeren Verbund von abgestimmten Freiland- und Laborversuchen wurde anhand repraesentativer Vertreter verschiedener Bodenorganismengruppen (Bodenfauna und Bodenmikroorganismen) und von durch sie bestimmten Bodenprozessen (z.B. Enzymaktivitaeten, Streuabbau, Nitrifikation, Frass) die Wirkungen von definierten Schadstoffbelastungen analysiert. In der gleichen Weise wurde der Einfluss von ausgewaehlten organischen Schadstoffen, z.T. in Kombination mit Schwermetallen auf das System Boden-Pflanze an ausgewaehlten krautigen und holzigen Pflanzenarten in unterschiedlichen Entwicklungsstadien untersucht. Darueberhinaus wurde ueberprueft ob sich eine Testbatterie entwickeln laesst, die die Toxizitaet von Boeden aufgrund von waessrigen und organischen Extrakten anzeigt. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: RO 9717(1998,1) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung, Wissenschaft, Forschung und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman