First Report of Dermestes frischii Kugelann (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) on a Human Corpse, South of Iran

The necrophagous species of beetles provide useful complementary data to estimate the post-mortem interval in forensic cases. We report, for the first time, Dermestes frischii Kugelann, 1792 larvae from a mummified human body covered with bushes and located in a canal in Sarvestan district, Fars province, south of Iran. The human corpse was a 63 year old male. The time of death was estimated to have been 23 days prior to the finding of the body based on the police investigations and confessions of a suspect. This beetle can be helpful to estimate the time of death in the future

Validation of Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) Devices on Sheep to Detect Grazing Movement Leaders and Social Networks in Merino Ewes.

Understanding social behaviour in livestock groups requires accurate geo-spatial localisation data over time which is difficult to obtain in the field. Automated on-animal devices may provide a solution. This study introduced an Real-Time-Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System (RTK-GNSS) localisation device (RTK rover) based on an RTK module manufactured by the company u-blox (Thalwil, Switzerland) that was assembled in a box and harnessed to sheep backs. Testing with 7 sheep across 4 days confirmed RTK rover tracking of sheep movement continuously with accuracy of approximately 20 cm. Individual sheep geo-spatial data were used to observe the sheep that first moved during a grazing period (movement leaders) in the one-hectare test paddock as well as construct social networks. Analysis of the optimum location update rate, with a threshold distance of 20 cm or 30 cm, showed that location sampling at a rate of 1 sample per second for 1 min followed by no samples for 4 min or 9 min, detected social networks as accurately as continuous location measurements at 1 sample every 5 s. The RTK rover acquired precise data on social networks in one sheep flock in an outdoor field environment with sampling strategies identified to extend battery life

Multisensory coding of angular head velocity in the retrosplenial cortex

To successfully navigate the environment, animals depend on their ability to continuously track their heading direction and speed. Neurons that encode angular head velocity (AHV) are fundamental to this process, yet the contribution of various motion signals to AHV coding in the cortex remains elusive. By performing chronic single-unit recordings in the retrosplenial cortex (RSP) of the mouse and tracking the activity of individual AHV cells between freely moving and head-restrained conditions, we find that vestibular inputs dominate AHV signaling. Moreover, the addition of visual inputs onto these neurons increases the gain and signal-to-noise ratio of their tuning during active exploration. Psychophysical experiments and neural decoding further reveal that vestibular-visual integration increases the perceptual accuracy of angular self-motion and the fidelity of its representation by RSP ensembles. We conclude that while cortical AHV coding requires vestibular input, where possible, it also uses vision to optimize heading estimation during navigation

An investigation on permethrin-treated military uniforms against diurnal mosquitoes under field conditions

Background: Military forces are exposed to mosquito bites because of their duties. In addition to the nuisance caused by mosquito bites, they are the vector of some vector-borne diseases in many countries of the world. Impregnation of military uniforms with permethrin is one of the most effective methods of protecting military personnel. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of permethrin-impregnated uniforms against diurnal mosquitoes under field conditions. Methods: In this study, one of the most common uniforms used in the Iranian military was treated by permethrin (0.125 mg. permethrin ai/cm(2)) and evaluated against the natural population of day-biting mosquitoes, in the rural area with Eight participants, three of them put on the treated uniforms and the other one of them wore the untreated uniforms and Four officers were also appointed as collectors. Results: The average number of bites in those who wore untreated uniforms (control) was 1.8/min/person (107.8/hr), while it was 0.16 (9.83/hr) for treated uniforms. The protection of treated uniforms was about 91. The knockdown rate for Culex and Aedes mosquitoes was 95.92 and 94.44, respectively. The mortality rate in Culex was 98.59 and 98.61 in Aedes mosquitoes when exposed to treated uniforms. Conclusion: In this study, military uniforms impregnated with permethrin showed significant protection against the bites of Culex and Aedes mosquitoes. This intervention can be used to protect military personnel from the bites of Culex and Aedes these mosquitoes and to reduce the diseases transmitted by these mosquitoes

Lead-Free Perovskite-Inspired Absorbers for Indoor Photovoltaics

With the exponential rise in the market value and number of devices part of the Internet of Things (IoT), the demand for indoor photovoltaics (IPV) to power autonomous devices is predicted to rapidly increase. Lead-free perov skite-inspired materials (PIMs) have recently attracted significant attention in photovoltaics research, due to the similarity of their electronic structure to high-performance lead-halide perovskites, but without the same toxicity limitations. However, the capability of PIMs for indoor light harvesting has not yet been considered. Herein, two exemplar PIMs, BiOI and CsSbClxI-x are examined. It is shown that while their bandgaps are too wide for single-junction solar cells, they are close to the optimum for indoor light harvesting. As a result, while BiOI and CsSbClxI-x devices are only circa %-ecient under -sun illumination, their eciencies increase to –% under indoor illumination. These eciencies are within the range of reported values for hydrogenated amorphous silicon, i.e., the industry standard for IPV. It is demonstrated that such performance levels are already sucient for millimeter-scale PIM devices to power thin-film-transistor circuits. Intensity-dependent and optical loss analyses show that future improvements in eciency are possible. Furthermore, calculations of the optically limited eciency of these and other low-toxicity PIMs reveal their considerable potential for IPV, thus encouraging future eorts for their exploration for powering IoT devic

Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography Helps Discriminate Low‐grade From High‐grade Bowel Wall Fibrosis in Ex Vivo Human Intestinal Specimens

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135467/1/jum201433122115.pd

Sequencing identifies a distinct signature of circulating microRNAs in early radiographic knee osteoarthritis

OBJECTIVE: MicroRNAs act locally and systemically to impact osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiology, but comprehensive profiling of the circulating miRNome in early vs late stages of OA has yet to be conducted. Sequencing has emerged as the preferred method for microRNA profiling since it offers high sensitivity and specificity. Our objective is to sequence the miRNome in plasma from 91 patients with early [Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 0 or 1 (n = 41)] or late [KL grade 3 or 4 (n = 50)] symptomatic radiographic knee OA to identify unique microRNA signatures in each disease state. DESIGN: MicroRNA libraries were prepared using the QIAseq miRNA Library Kit and sequenced on the Illumina NextSeq 550.Counts were produced for microRNAs captured in miRBase and for novel microRNAs. Statistical, bioinformatics, and computational biology approaches were used to refine and interpret the final list of microRNAs. RESULTS: From 215 differentially expressed microRNAs (FDR \u3c 0.01), 97 microRNAs showed an increase or decrease in expression in ≥85% of samples in the early OA group as compared to the median expression in the late OA group. Increasing this threshold to ≥95%, seven microRNAs were identified: hsa-miR-335-3p, hsa-miR-199a-5p, hsa-miR-671-3p, hsa-miR-1260b, hsa-miR-191-3p, hsa-miR-335-5p, and hsa-miR-543. Four novel microRNAs were present in ≥50% of early OA samples and had 27 predicted gene targets in common with the prioritized set of predicted gene targets from the 97 microRNAs, suggesting common underlying mechanisms. CONCLUSION: Applying sequencing to well-characterized patient cohorts produced unbiased profiling of the circulating miRNome and identified a unique panel of 11 microRNAs in early radiographic knee OA

Таксононімія логічних девіацій у нормативно-правових актах

Розглянуто особливості логічних девіацій у текстах нормативно-правових актів, які є складовою частиною офіційно-ділового стилю української літературної мови. Запропоновано власний підхід до класифікації виявлених у текстах чинних кодексів логічно аномальних уживань.The features of the logical deviations in the texts of laws which belong to the official style of Ukrainian literary language is under consideration. The taxonomy for the notion above in Ukrainian laws is proposed