12,762 research outputs found
Computer integration of hydrodynamics equations for heat pipes
Program has five operational modes that provide user flexibility in answering crucial heat-pipe design questions. User specifies heat input and rejection distribution
User's manual for the TRW gaspipe program. A vapor-gas front analysis program for heat pipes containing noncondensible gas
Digital computer program manual for design, analysis, and performance prediction of heat pipes with noncondensible gases including input/output routines and Runge-Kutta model
Variable conductance heat pipe technology
Research and development programs in variable conductance heat pipe technology were conducted. The treatment has been comprehensive, involving theoretical and/or experimental studies in hydrostatics, hydrodynamics, heat transfer into and out of the pipe, fluid selection, and materials compatibility, in addition to the principal subject of variable conductance control techniques. Efforts were not limited to analytical work and laboratory experimentation, but extended to the development, fabrication and test of spacecraft hardware, culminating in the successful flight of the Ames Heat Pipe Experiment on the OAO-C spacecraft
User's manual for the TRW gaspipe 2 program: A vapor-gas front analysis program for heat pipes containing non-condensible gas
A digital computer program for design and analysis of heat pipes which contain non-condensible gases, either for temperature control or to aid in start-up from the frozen state, is presented. Some of the calculations which are possible with the program are: (1) wall temperature profile along a gas-loaded heat pipe, (2) amount of gas loading necessary to obtain desired evaporator temperature at a desired heat load, (3) heat load versus evaporator temperature for a fixed amount of gas in the pipe, and (4) heat and mass transfer along the pipe, including the vapor-gas front region
Optimisation of two-dimensional ion trap arrays for quantum simulation
The optimisation of two-dimensional (2D) lattice ion trap geometries for
trapped ion quantum simulation is investigated. The geometry is optimised for
the highest ratio of ion-ion interaction rate to decoherence rate. To calculate
the electric field of such array geometries a numerical simulation based on a
"Biot-Savart like law" method is used. In this article we will focus on square,
hexagonal and centre rectangular lattices for optimisation. A method for
maximising the homogeneity of trapping site properties over an array is
presented for arrays of a range of sizes. We show how both the polygon radii
and separations scale to optimise the ratio between the interaction and
decoherence rate. The optimal polygon radius and separation for a 2D lattice is
found to be a function of the ratio between rf voltage and drive frequency
applied to the array. We then provide a case study for 171Yb+ ions to show how
a two-dimensional quantum simulator array could be designed
Variable Conductance Heat Pipe Technology
A research and development program in variable conductance heat pipe technology is reported. The project involved: (1) theoretical and/or experimental studies in hydrostatics, (2) hydrodynamics, (3) heat transfer into and out of the pipe, (4) fluid selection, and (5) materials compatibility. The development, fabrication, and test of the space hardware resulted in a successful flight of the heat pipe experiment on the OAO-3 satellite. A summary of the program is provided and a guide to the location of publications on the project is included
First-order sidebands in circuit QED using qubit frequency modulation
Sideband transitions have been shown to generate controllable interaction
between superconducting qubits and microwave resonators. Up to now, these
transitions have been implemented with voltage drives on the qubit or the
resonator, with the significant disadvantage that such implementations only
lead to second-order sideband transitions. Here we propose an approach to
achieve first-order sideband transitions by relying on controlled oscillations
of the qubit frequency using a flux-bias line. Not only can first-order
transitions be significantly faster, but the same technique can be employed to
implement other tunable qubit-resonator and qubit-qubit interactions. We
discuss in detail how such first-order sideband transitions can be used to
implement a high fidelity controlled-NOT operation between two transmons
coupled to the same resonator.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure
In-vivo magnetic resonance imaging of hyperpolarized silicon particles
Silicon-based micro and nanoparticles have gained popularity in a wide range
of biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability
in-vivo, as well as a flexible surface chemistry, which allows drug loading,
functionalization and targeting. Here we report direct in-vivo imaging of
hyperpolarized 29Si nuclei in silicon microparticles by MRI. Natural physical
properties of silicon provide surface electronic states for dynamic nuclear
polarization (DNP), extremely long depolarization times, insensitivity to the
in-vivo environment or particle tumbling, and surfaces favorable for
functionalization. Potential applications to gastrointestinal, intravascular,
and tumor perfusion imaging at sub-picomolar concentrations are presented.
These results demonstrate a new background-free imaging modality applicable to
a range of inexpensive, readily available, and biocompatible Si particles.Comment: Supplemental Material include
Fear from the heart: sensitivity to fear stimuli depends on individual heartbeats
Cognitions and emotions can be influenced by bodily physiology. Here, we investigated whether the processing of brief fear stimuli is selectively gated by their timing in relation to individual heartbeats. Emotional and neutral faces were presented to human volunteers at cardiac systole, when ejection of blood from the heart causes arterial baroreceptors to signal centrally the strength and timing of each heartbeat, and at diastole, the period between heartbeats when baroreceptors are quiescent. Participants performed behavioral and neuroimaging tasks to determine whether these interoceptive signals influence the detection of emotional stimuli at the threshold of conscious awareness and alter judgments of emotionality of fearful and neutral faces. Our results show that fearful faces were detected more easily and were rated as more intense at systole than at diastole. Correspondingly, amygdala responses were greater to fearful faces presented at systole relative to diastole. These novel findings highlight a major channel by which short-term interoceptive fluctuations enhance perceptual and evaluative processes specifically related to the processing of fear and threat and counter the view that baroreceptor afferent signaling is always inhibitory to sensory perception
Turbulence driven particle transport in Texas Helimak
We analyze the turbulence driven particle transport in Texas Helimak (K. W.
Gentle and Huang He, Plasma Sci. and Technology, 10, 284 (2008)), a toroidal
plasma device with one-dimensional equilibrium with magnetic curvature and
shear. Alterations on the radial electric field, through an external voltage
bias, change spectral plasma characteristics inducing a dominant frequency for
negative bias values and a broad band frequency spectrum for positive bias
values. For negative biased plasma discharges, the transport is high where the
waves propagate with phase velocities near the plasma flow velocity, an
indication that the transport is strongly affected by a wave particle resonant
interaction. On the other hand, for positive bias the plasma has a reversed
shear flow and we observe that the transport is almost zero in the shearless
radial region, an evidence of a transport barrier in this region.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figure
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