An Atypical Presentation of Cystic Echinococcosis

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an infection caused by the Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm. CE generally manifests in the liver, but it may present in any organ. These patients often first present to the emergency department. Mortality over 10 years is significant for those who go undiagnosed. We report the case of a 34-year-old patient who immigrated from Yemen six years earlier. She presented with acute onset dysuria, suprapubic pain, and fever. Imaging revealed a primary multicystic mass on the right renal pole with a secondary lesion in the right hepatic lobe. On further investigation, the patient’s serum was positive for echinococcus antibodies

Perturbation Solution for Thermal Diffusion and Chemical reaction Effects on MHD Flow in Vertical Surface with Heat Generation

A study two-dimensional laminar incompressible flow continuously moving vertical surface porous plate has been analyzed to show the effect of an additional cross transport phenomenon, i.e. heat flux caused by concentration gradient in addition to the heat flux caused by temperature gradient. Further thermal Diffusion and chemical reaction effects on MHD flow in vertical surface with heat generation has been taken into consideration in the present study. Moreover, the Dufour effect has been considered in energy equation leaving the equation of thermal diffusion and mass diffusion coupled. The coupled non-linear equations are solved by applying perturbation technique. The effect of flow parameters are shown with the help of graphs

Data Mining in Biodata Analysis

For finding interesting patterns in large databases has lot of development in recent years.. Data mining is used in many fields like medicine, securing the data etc. Whereas bio data means the data regarding the biology, medical science, DNA technology and Bioinformatics in-depth analysis. Bio Informatics is the science which can perform managing, finding data, integrating, interrupting information from biological data, genomic, and metadata. Even additional knowledge and complexness can lead to the integration among genes. This paper is all about joining these two fields, the data regarding biology us ing data mining and gives the details of future developments in biodata analysis

Quantitative analysis of Amoxicillin and Dicloxacillin in Combined Dosage Form by First Derivative and Simultaneous Equation Method in Application to the determination of Content Uniformity

Two simple, accurate and precise spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Amoxicillin and Dicloxacillin. Method A was quantitative determination of Amoxicillin and Dicloxacillin by First Order Derivative zero crossing method. The first order derivative absorption at 231.02 nm (zero cross point of Dicloxacillin) was used for Amoxicillin and 246.26nm (zero cross point of Amoxicillin) for Dicloxacillin. Both the drugs obeyed the limit 15-35g/ml (correlation coefficient r 2 1). No interference was found between the both determined constituents and those of matrix. Method B was developed for estimation of content uniformity of Amoxicillin and Dicloxaciliin in its combined tablet dosage form. The method involves solving the simultaneous equation using 245nm and 227nm as two wavelengths for Amoxicillin and Dicloxacillin respectively. From the results, it was concluded that all brands are within the limits of content uniformity (85-115%). 0.1 N sodium hydroxide was used as a solvent for both methods. Developed method was employed to determine the Amoxicillin and Dicloxacillin content in ten individual capsule units of four marketed formulations. Both the methods were validated statistically and recovery studies were carried out to confirm the accuracy of the methods

An Automated Approach of Detection of Memory Leaks for Remote Server Controllers

Memory leaks are a major concern to the long running applications like servers which make the working set to grow with the program. This eventually leads to system crashing. This paper discusses a staged approach to detect leaks in firmware of remote server controller. Remote server controller monitors the server remotely with many processes running in the background. Any memory leak in the long running applications pose a threat to the performance of the system. The approach adopted here filters the processes running in the system with leaks based on time threshold in the first stage. These processes with leaks are passed to the next stage where precise memory leak detection is done using the open source dynamic instrumentation tool Valgrind. The system leverages an automated leak detection approach that invokes the leak detection process on encountering any severity in the system and generates a consolidated leak report. The proposed approach has less impact on the performance of the system and is faster compared to many available systems as there is no need to modify or re-compile the program. In addition, the automated approach offers an effective technique for detecting possible leakages in early software development phases

Data Transfer via Human Body

In this paper we are providing a overview of recent researches on body as a communication media i.e. creating a ‘HAN’ network. We use different communication media in our daily life such as LAN, WAN, VAN, MAN, etc... So according to research the new concept is came into account as “RED TACTON” which makes the human body as a communication media. It mainly create HAN network. It proved a better communication for near field where transmitter and receiver are in close proximity. RED TACTON mainly makes the use of electric field generated by the person’s body as medium for transmitting data. For making use of human body as transmission media we have to first study the concept of intrabody communication In which the human body characteristics (distance, resistance, the effect of ground plane to body channel Trans receiver and proper frequency range for intra body communication etc.) as signal transmission media are explained thoroughl

Determining Efficient Machine Learning Techniques for Grading of Knee Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) of the Knee is a degenerative joint disease mainly caused due to loss of articular cartilages. The paper introduces an approach to quantify knee osteoarthritis (OA) severity using KL grades. This approach combines EDA (Exploratory Data Analysis), Pre-processing and Feature Engineering techniques. The amount of damage to the knee can be graded using KL scale (0-4). The automated detection of Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) based on KL grades which corresponds to severity stages has been given in the paper. In the study public dataset from Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) has been used to evaluate the proposed approach with very promising results. Different accuracy metrices like F1 score, Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), Area Under Curve (AUC) and Precision were used to find the best algorithm amongst the classification models in Machine learning. Random forest and Decision trees algorithms were considered efficient giving an accuracy of 96.9% and 91.6% respectively. Our study is an economically better approach when compared to x-rays for OA detectio

UBQLN4 Represses Homologous Recombination and Is Overexpressed in Aggressive Tumors

Genomic instability can be a hallmark of both human genetic disease and cancer. We identify a deleterious UBQLN4 mutation in families with an autosomal recessive syndrome reminiscent of genome instability disorders. UBQLN4 deficiency leads to increased sensitivity to genotoxic stress and delayed DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. The proteasomal shuttle factor UBQLN4 is phosphorylated by ATM and interacts with ubiquitylated MRE11 to mediate early steps of homologous recombination-mediated DSB repair (HRR). Loss of UBQLN4 leads to chromatin retention of MRE11, promoting non-physiological HRR activity in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, UBQLN4 overexpression represses HRR and favors non-homologous end joining. Moreover, we find UBQLN4 overexpressed in aggressive tumors. In line with an HRR defect in these tumors, UBQLN4 overexpression is associated with PARP1 inhibitor sensitivity. UBQLN4 therefore curtails HRR activity through removal of MRE11 from damaged chromatin and thus offers a therapeutic window for PARP1 inhibitor treatment in UBQLN4-overexpressing tumors

Renal Cysts in an Immigrant Patient: An Atypical Presentation of Echinococcosis

Introduction: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is an infection caused by the Echinococcus tapeworm that results in the creation of cysts within a range of visceral organs. Ninety percent of these cysts are in the liver or lungs. In the United States, cases are quite rare and most are found in immigrants from endemic countries. Patients with CE may remain asymptomatic for years. If left undiagnosed and untreated, mortality from CE is estimated to be 90% by ten years. In this case, we discuss a patient who presented to the emergency department with genitourinary complaints and was diagnosed with CE of primary renal involvement, a rare anatomic location. Case Description: A previously healthy 34-year-old female presented to the emergency department with dysuria, suprapubic pain, myalgias and fever of one day duration. The patient had immigrated from Yemen 6 years prior. On presentation, she was febrile to 38.8C and tachycardic to 133. Complete blood count and lactic acid were within normal limits and urinalysis was not consistent with a urinary tract infection. Ultrasound revealed a mass on the right kidney and computerized tomography (CT) showed a subcapsular right renal cystic mass with septations as well as a secondary liver lesion. Further imaging by magnetic resonance confirmed the subscapular multi-cystic mass along the right kidney measuring 7 x 5.2 x 6.1 cm consistent with CE stage III and a 1.7 cm cystic lesion in the right hepatic lobe also consistent with CE. Serum IgG for echinococcus was positive. The patient was diagnosed with echinococcal disease and was initiated on albendazole 200mg BID for 3-4 months with future plans for surgical intervention. Discussion: Echinococcal disease is a parasitic infection with the majority of cases originating in the Middle East, South and Central America and sub-Saharan Africa. The clinical presentation of Echinococcus infection is largely dependent on the location and size of the cysts. Small cysts may be asymptomatic whereas larger cysts may cause mass effect or may present with toxic appearance with rupture. Some cysts present with symptoms up to several decades after initial infection or remain asymptomatic indefinitely. The most common sites of involvement are the liver (approximately 66%) followed by the lungs (25%). Less commonly reported sites include the brain, kidneys, muscle, bone and heart. Our patient’s primary renal cyst was large enough to cause mass effect, leading to dysuria and suprapubic pain. Generally, diagnosis of echinococcal disease is made with both imaging and serology. With regards to imaging, ultrasonography is 90-95% sensitive for CE and CT is only moderately better with 95-100% sensitivity; however, CT is superior to ultrasonography for evaluation of extrahepatic cysts. MRI offers no major advantage over CT. When considering serology, antibody detection has greater sensitivity than antigen detection. Our patient tested positive for echinococcal IgG. IgE and IgM were not pursued as IgG has better sensitivity. Management of these cysts are based on the WHO classification criteria and typically use a combination of observation, albendazole, PAIR (percutaneous puncture, aspiration, injection, re-aspiration) and surgery. Our patient’s renal cyst was classified as WHO stage III, for which the recommended treatment is albendazole followed by either PAIR or surgery. Conclusion: Although CE is uncommon in the United States, careful attention should be paid in individuals who have immigrated from endemic countries. While the liver and lungs are most commonly involved, cysts can be found in any organ and symptoms are often specific to the affected system. The best imaging modality for extrahepatic cysts in particular is by CT. The majority of these patients should be started on albendazole initially with definitive treatment often requiring evaluation by several subspecialists including Infectious Disease, Interventional Radiology and Surgery.https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/merf2020caserpt/1123/thumbnail.jp

SUBSTITUTION OF ROOTS WITH SMALL BRANCHES OF RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA FOR THERAPEUTIC USES - A PHYTOCHEMICAL APPROACH

Rauwolfia serpentina commonly called Sarpagandha is a medicinal plant widely used in Ayurveda. As per the Ayurvedic literature, roots of this plant are used in cardiac disorder, cancer, mental illness and psychiatric disorder. To collect roots for medicinal purpose whole plant is uprooted on a mass scale from their natural habitat which is leading to depletion of resources, due to which plant may be difficult in near future for use in traditional systems of medicine. Present study was carried out to assess possibilities of using small branches of R. serpentina in place of its roots which will help in conservation of this plant and availability of raw material for therapeutic purposes. Roots and small branches of R. serpentina are compared on the basis of physicochemical analysis, phytochemical analysis, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) to evaluate the possibilities of using small branches in place of its roots. Results of phytochemical analysis and HPTLC of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts showed many similarities whichsuggest that small branches may have nearly similar active constituents like roots and may be used as a substitute of roots after comparison and confirmation of same for pharmacological activities