СЛУЧАЙ УСПЕШНОГО ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ТРОМБОЭМБОЛИИ ЛЕГОЧНОЙ АРТЕРИИ У БОЛЬНОЙ НА СРОКЕ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ 11 НЕДЕЛЬ

Pulmonary embolism in pregnant women is fairly common complication, and it remains to be the one of major causes of maternal mortality in the number of countries. The need to compare risks of the mother and child makes the search for optimal treatment tactics very complicated in this specific case. The experience of the last decades provides evidences for choosing aggressive treatment tactics, accurate diagnostics and early surgical intervention. The authors of this article describe the clinical case of successful treatment of the young woman whose pregnancy course was complicated by pulmonary embolism at the 11th week of gestation. The article describes the results of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics and anasthesiological support technique within available scope of pharmacological and technical means. Also the article reviews the literature data on this problem. The conclusion contains recommendations for intra-operative management of such patients. Тромбоэмболия легочной артерии (ТЭЛА) у беременных женщин является весьма частым осложнением, она остается одной из ведущих причин материнской смертности в ряде стран. Необходимость соотнесения рисков для организма матери и ребенка делает поиск оптимальной тактики лечения в данном случае очень сложной задачей. Опыт последних десятилетий свидетельствует в пользу избрания агрессивной тактики лечения, точной диагностики и раннего оперативного вмешательства. В данной статье авторы представляют случай успешного лечения молодой женщины, течение беременности которой осложнилось ТЭЛА на сроке гестации 11 недель. Описываются результаты проведенной лабораторной и инструментальной диагностики, а также методика анестезиологического пособия в рамках доступного объема фармакологических и технических средств. Приводится анализ данных литературы по этой актуальной проблеме. В заключении даны рекомендации по интраоперационному ведению подобных больных.

Mechanism and Enantioselectivity in Palladium-Catalyzed Conjugate Addition of Arylboronic Acids to β‑Substituted Cyclic Enones: Insights from Computation and Experiment

Enantioselective conjugate additions of arylboronic acids to β-substituted cyclic enones have been previously reported from our laboratories. Air- and moisture-tolerant conditions were achieved with a catalyst derived in situ from palladium(II) trifluoroacetate and the chiral ligand (S)-t-BuPyOx. We now report a combined experimental and computational investigation on the mechanism, the nature of the active catalyst, the origins of the enantioselectivity, and the stereoelectronic effects of the ligand and the substrates of this transformation. Enantioselectivity is controlled primarily by steric repulsions between the t-Bu group of the chiral ligand and the α-methylene hydrogens of the enone substrate in the enantiodetermining carbopalladation step. Computations indicate that the reaction occurs via formation of a cationic arylpalladium(II) species, and subsequent carbopalladation of the enone olefin forms the key carbon–carbon bond. Studies of nonlinear effects and stoichiometric and catalytic reactions of isolated (PyOx)Pd(Ph)I complexes show that a monomeric arylpalladium–ligand complex is the active species in the selectivity-determining step. The addition of water and ammonium hexafluorophosphate synergistically increases the rate of the reaction, corroborating the hypothesis that a cationic palladium species is involved in the reaction pathway. These additives also allow the reaction to be performed at 40 °C and facilitate an expanded substrate scope

History of Political Police in Russia: V.F. Dzunkovsky and Fight against Police Provocation Practice in 1913-1915

The article is devoted to an attempt to limit secret police permissiveness before World War I. Deputy Interior Minister V.F. Dzhunkovsky carried out a number of reforms aimed at limiting provocation in the army, among students of secondary educational institutions, the State Duma deputies. He took measures to put the secret police activities under strict control of legal investigation bodies. The article analyzes these reforms' causes, course, results and estimation

CLINICAL CASE OF SUCCESSFUL SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM IN THE PATIENT WITH 11 WEEK PREGNANCY

Pulmonary embolism in pregnant women is fairly common complication, and it remains to be the one of major causes of maternal mortality in the number of countries. The need to compare risks of the mother and child makes the search for optimal treatment tactics very complicated in this specific case. The experience of the last decades provides evidences for choosing aggressive treatment tactics, accurate diagnostics and early surgical intervention. The authors of this article describe the clinical case of successful treatment of the young woman whose pregnancy course was complicated by pulmonary embolism at the 11th week of gestation. The article describes the results of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics and anasthesiological support technique within available scope of pharmacological and technical means. Also the article reviews the literature data on this problem. The conclusion contains recommendations for intra-operative management of such patients

IDEA OF COLLECTIVE GARDENING AND ITS MATERIALISATION IN LITHUANIA / KOLEKTYVINIO SODO IDĖJA IR JOS MATERIALIZACIJA LIETUVOJE

The idea of a collective garden and its effect to Lithuanian built environment is described in the article. Collective gardens in Soviet times became an area to compensate the suppressed need for private property and also it was the place for informal, even corrupt practices. After the shift towards new political system collective gardens are facing intense transformation and it continues to be the “grey zone” where informal practices flourish. The presumption made in the article is that the appearance of collective gardens in Lithuania was heavily influenced by the cultural and economic reality of the Soviet Union. These conditions were crucial for formation of specific living environment in which informal urbanism appears. Santrauka  Kolektyviniai sodai buvo terpė, kurioje jau sovietmečiu pasireiškė nuslopintas privačios nuosavybės poreikis. Pasikeitus politinei šalies santvarkai, pasikeitė miestų planavimo principai, tačiau kolektyviniai sodai išliko „pilkąja zona“ kurioje ir toliau reiškėsi netipiniai urbanizacijos procesai. Tekste keliama prielaida, kad šis reiškinys yra Sovietų Sąjungai būdingų kultūrinių, politinių ir socialinių procesų rezultatas, o šio eksperimento palikimas Lietuvoje suformavo specifinę gyvenamąją terpę, kurioje vyrauja neformalaus urbanizmo praktikos. Straipsnyje glaustai atskleidžiamos kolektyvinio sodo idėjos atsiradimo aplinkybės, šios idėjos santykis su realia projektavimo ir statybos praktika Lietuvoje, bei minėto proceso įtaka šių dienų gyvenamajai aplinkai. Reikšminiai žodžiai: kolektyviniai sodai, urbanistikos istorija, utopija, posovietinės miestų transformacijos, neformali ekonomika, neformalus urbanizmas, užmiesčio namas