Morteros de reparación cuyo componente básico es el cemento portland

This work try to facilitate information about techniques or sistems for the mending of concretes with materials whose basic component is "Portland" cement. So, this information refers to insert pastes through insertion or camber, gunita, microconcrete insert through camber and inyects concretes. Are provides, about these techniques, a sequence of coments, facts and designations of control norms. Is also comented the problem of the deformations very pronounced in this kind of jobs, and the solutions to use generally.En el presente trabajo se trata de facilitar información sobre las técnicas o sistemas de ejecución de reparación de hormigones con materiales cuyo componente básico es el cemento portland. Esa información se refiere por tanto a lechadas colocadas por vertido o bombeo, gunita, microhormigón colocado por bombeo y hormigones inyectados. Se proporcionan sobre esas técnicas una serie de comentarios, datos y denominación de normas de control. También se trata el problema de las deformaciones de acusada importancia en este tipo de trabajos y de alguna de las soluciones que suelen utilizarse

Communicative superabundance of political leaders on Twitter. The Spanish case

Los últimos años han significado el descubrimiento y la utilización de forma cada vez más profesionalizada de las redes sociales como una forma más de comunicación política y de influencia en los procesos electorales; tanto en la esfera social y electoral como por su capacidad de influir en la agenda política y mediática. El presente texto realiza un análisis de la evolución del número total de tuits que los principales líderes políticos españoles emitieron en Twitter en los meses previos a las dos últimas elecciones generales, específicamente los meses de noviembre y diciembre de 2015 y mayo y junio de 2016. En concreto el trabajo contabiliza las cuentas de los candidatos a la presidencia de Gobierno por parte de los cuatro principales partidos políticos españoles, mostrando la evolución del número de tuits publicados. Ello permite evidenciar la sobreabundancia comunicativa, en varios casos, de los líderes políticos españoles. Paralelamente el estudio recoge el número y el crecimiento de los seguidores en la red social de los líderes buscando la interrelación entre ambos factores. Utilizando una metodología cuantitativa se muestra que la reiteración comunicativa sin valor añadido en la red por parte de muchos líderes no significa necesariamente una comunicación eficaz ni una influencia relevante en las redes sociales. Como consecuencia, el estudio encuentra entre sus conclusiones iniciales la existencia de una sobreabundancia informativa por parte de los principales líderes políticos que no se materializa en términos de audiencia.Recent years have meant the discovery and use of increasingly professionalized social networks as a form of political communication and influence on electoral processes; both in the social and electoral sphere and for its ability to influence the political and media agenda. This text is an analysis of the evolution of the total number of tuits that the main Spanish political leaders issued on Twitter in the months before the last two general elections, specifically the months of November and December 2015 and May and June 2016. Specifically, the work counts the accounts of the candidates for the presidency of the Government by the four main Spanish political parties, showing the evolution of the number of tuits published. This allows to demonstrate the communicative superabundance, in several cases, of the Spanish political leaders. At the same time, the study gathers the number and growth of followers in the social network of the leaders looking for the interrelation between both factors. Using a quantitative methodology, it is shown that the communicative reiteration without added value in the network by many leaders does not necessarily mean effective communication or a relevant influence in social networks. Therefore, the study finds among its initial conclusions the existence of an informative overabundance on the part of the main political leaders that does not materialize in terms of audience

First record of rabbit carrion consumption by Eurasian Eagle-Owl (Bubo bubo) on the Iberian Peninsula

This work was funded by the research projects CGL2005-02340/BOS and CGL2009-10741 from the Spanish I+D National Plan and cofinanced with FEDER funds. JFdS was supported by a FPI grant funded by European Social Funds and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.Peer Reviewe

The influence of Twitter in the electoral processes. Analysis of the case of the primary elections in the PSOE, 2017

El propósito de este trabajo es analizar la influencia en la red social Twitter aplicada al estudio de la presencia de los políticos durante un proceso electoral de primarias en un partido. En este caso, el estudio se basa en las elecciones primarias del PSOE en 2017. Para ello se utilizan también técnicas de aprendizaje de máquina y cuantificación de contenidos a través del uso herramientas informáticas ligadas al Big data.This paper analyses Twitter influence as regards the presence of political candidates during political parties’ primary elections. In this case, the study is based on PSOE primary elections in 2017. Machine learning techniques and content quantification have been used as methodological tools related to Big Data

Gene–Gene Interaction based Clustering method for Microarray Data

In this paper, we propose a greedy clustering algorithm to identify groups of related genes and a new measure to improve the results of this algorithm. Clustering algorithms analyze genes in order to group those with similar behavior. Instead, our approach groups pairs of genes that present similar positive and/or negative interactions. In order to avoid noise in clusters, we apply a threshold, the neighbouring minimun index(λ), to know if a pair of genes have interac tion enough or not. The algorithm allows the researcher to modify all the criteria: discretization mapping function, gene– gene mapping function and filtering function, and even the neighbouring minimun index, and provides much flexibility to obtain clusters based on the level of precision needed. We have carried out a deep experimental study in databases to obtain a good neighbouring minimun index, λ. The performance of our approach is experimentally tested on the yeast, yeast cell-cycle and malaria datasets. The final number of clusters has a very high level of customization and genes within show a significant level of cohesion, as it is shown graphically in the experiment

Determinants demogràfics i actitudinals dels comportaments davant de la pràctica d’activitat fisicoesportiva de temps lliure a la ciutat de l’Havana (Cuba). Identificació del perfil poblacional mitjançant les xarxes de Bayes

Aquest estudi s’ha centrat a conèixer els comportaments de pràctica fisicoesportiva dels pobladors de l’Havana més grans de 15 anys, tot analitzant les relacions i les associacions probabilístiques que poden produir-se amb les variables sociodemogràfiques (sexe, edat, nivell d’estudis i ocupació principal) i les actitudinals (interès per la pràctica, valoració de l’educació física rebuda i actitud dels pares davant d’aquesta pràctica en temps lliure). La investigació s’ha desenvolupat a través d’entrevistes personals mitjançant un qüestionari estandarditzat a una mostra de 1.144 subjectes; hom ha utilitzat el procediment de mostreig estratificat polietàpic amb afixació proporcional, amb un marge d’error mostral del ± 3 % i un nivell de confiança del 95,5 %. Els resultats han posat de manifest, d’una banda, l’increment de pràctica entre els ciutadans de l’Havana; sobre els comportaments de pràctica són determinants, tant les variables sociodemogràfiques com les actitudinals tingudes en compte i, d’altra banda, de la xarxa de Bayes es desprèn la incidència directa de les classes d’Educació Física rebuda sobre els comportaments de pràctica i l’interès cap a aquesta

The negative effects of failed service recoveries

Research has shown that more than half of attempted recovery efforts fail, producing a ‘double deviation’ effect. Surprisingly, these double deviation effects have received little attention in marketing literature. This paper examines what happens after these critical encounters, which behavior or set of behaviors the customers are prone to follow and how customers’ perceptions of the firm’s recovery efforts influence these behaviors. For the analysis of choice of the type of response (complaining, exit, complaining and exit, and no-switching), we estimate multinomial Logit models with random coefficients (RCL). The results of our study show that magnitude of service failure, explanations, apologies, perceived justice, angry and frustration felt by the customer, and satisfaction with service recovery have a significant effect on customers’ choice of the type of response. Implications from the findings are offered.La investigación ha mostrado que más de la mitad de los intentos de recuperación tras el fallo de un servicio fracasan, lo que produce un efecto de ‘desviación doble’. Sorprendentemente, estos efectos de desviación doble han recibido muy poca atención en la literatura de marketing. Este trabajo analiza qué ocurre tras estos encuentros críticos, ¿qué comportamiento o conjunto de comportamientos tienden a seguir lo clientes? y ¿cómo afectan a estos comportamientos las percepciones de los clientes acerca del problema y de los esfuerzos de recuperación de la empresa?. Para el análisis del tipo de respuesta (queja, abandono, queja y abandono, y no cambiar de entidad), estimamos modelos Logit multinomiales con coeficientes aleatorios (RCL). Los resultados de nuestro estudio muestran que la magnitud del fallo inicial, las explicaciones y disculpas recibidas tras el mismo, la justicia percibida en la gestión de la queja, la frustración y el enfado que siente el cliente y la satisfacción con el proceso de recuperación, tienen un efecto significativo en la elección de los clientes del tipo de respuesta de queja. Finalmente, se ofrecen implicaciones para la gestión.This research was financed by the Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas (IVIE), Spain

Activity patterns of the vulnerable guiña (Leopardus guigna) and its main prey in the Valdivian rainforest of southern Chile

The guiña (Leopardus guigna) is a small felid found primarily in temperate mixed forests of southern Andean and coastal ranges in Chile and Argentina. It is considered a vulnerable species, and is one of the least studied felids in the world. In this study our main aim was to document the relationship between the activity pattern of the guiña and that of its main prey in the Valdivian rainforest (Comau Fjord, southern Chile) using a camera-trap survey. We documented the activity patterns of small mammals and two ground-foraging bird species, as these have been previously cited as the main prey of this felid. Guiñas showed two nocturnal activity peaks, at the beginning and the end of the night, and a weak peak of activity at midday. Small mammals consistently revealed nocturnal activity, whereas both birds were strongly diurnal. Our results revealed a high overlap between the activity patterns of guiñas and small mammals, whereas this was negligible for the bird species. These findings support the idea that small mammals are guiñas' preferred prey in the Valdivian rainforest. Our study contributes to the understanding of the temporal relationships between the guiña and its prey, and may help to design effective management strategies to conserve this vulnerable felid.This study was funded by the agreement between Fundación Endesa, Fundación San Ignacio del Huinay and CSIC, and the Spanish Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales (project OAPN 352/2011). M. Delibes-Mateos was supported a JAE-doc contract (Programa Junta para la Ampliación de Estudios), funded by CSIC and the European Social Fund and J. Caro had a postdoctoral contract jointly financed by the ESF and the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM, Spain), in the framework of the Operational Programme FSE 2007–2013.Peer Reviewe

Caracterización de la comunidad de mamíferos de un área remota del sur de Chile mediante el uso combinado de metodologías

[ES]: Actualmente se desconoce la presencia y distribución de los mamíferos en muchos lugares remotos, pese a que suelen ser lugares ricos en biodiversidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar la comunidad de mamíferos terrestres de la Reserva de Huinay, sur de Chile, mediante tres metodologías: i) encuestas a residentes y visitantes de la zona (n=42); ii) transectos de indicios (excrementos, huellas, etc; se recorrieron 80 km en total); y iii) foto-trampeo (se colocaron 18 cámaras-trampa con un esfuerzo total de 590 trampas-día). Se identificaron 13 especies de mamíferos terrestres. El pudú (Pudu puda), la güiña (Leopardus guigna) y el quique (Galictis cuja) fueron las únicas identificadas mediante los tres métodos. Nuestros resultados sugieren que diferentes metodologías pueden ser complementarias para determinar la presencia y distribución de las especies en áreas remotas.[EN]: The presence and distribution of mammals in remote areas are currently poorly known, although these areas are usually rich in biodiversity. The main objective of this study was to characterize the terrestrial mammal community within the reserve of Huinay, southern Chile, using three methodologies: i) questionnaires to residents and visitors to the area (n=42); ii) transects of mammals’ presence (scats, tracks, etc; the total length of transects was 80 km); iii) camera-trapping (18 camera-traps were set with a total sampling effort of 590 trap-days). A total of 13 species of mammals were identified, and only three of them (pudu, Pudu puda, kodkod, Leopardus guigna and lesser grison, Galictis cuja) were recorded with all the methods employed. Our results suggest that different methodologies can complement each other for surveying species presence and distribution in remote areas.Este estudio ha sido financiado por el acuerdo entre la Fundación Endesa, Fundación San Ignacio del Huinay y el CSIC. M. Delibes-Mateos está financiado actualmente por la Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo de la Junta de Andalucía y el 7º programa marco de la Unión Europea para investigación, desarrollo tecnológico y demostración bajo el acuerdo 267226. J. Caro tuvo un contrato postdoctoral financiado por la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha y el FSE en el marco del programa operacional FSE 20072013.Peer Reviewe

Role of prey and intraspecific density dependence on the population growth of an avian top predator

Exploring predator-prey systems in diverse ecosystems increases our knowledge about ecological processes. Predator population growth may be positive when conspecific density is low but predators also need areas with prey availability, associated with competition, which increases the risk of suffering losses but stabilises populations. We studied relationships between European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus (prey) and adult eagle owls Bubo bubo (predators) in south-western Europe. We assessed models explaining the predator population growth and stability. We estimated the abundance of rabbits and adult eagle owls during three years in eight localities of central-southern Spain. We explored models including rabbit and adult eagle owl abundance, accounting for yearly variations and including the locality as a random variable. We found that population growth of adult eagle owls was positive in situations with low conspecific abundance and tended to be negative but approaching equilibrium in situations of higher conspecific abundance. Population growth was also positively related to previous summer rabbit density when taking into account eagle owl conspecific abundance, possibly indicating that rabbits may support recruitment. Furthermore, abundance stability of adult eagle owls was positively related to previous winter-spring rabbit density, which could suggest predator population stabilisation through quick territory occupation in high-quality areas. These results exemplify the trade-off between prey availability and abundance of adult predators related to population growth and abundance stability in the eagle owl-rabbit system in south-western Europe. Despite rabbits have greatly declined during the last decades and eagle owls locally specialise on them, eagle owls currently have a favourable conservation status. As eagle owls are the only nocturnal raptor with such dependence on rabbits, this could point out that predators may overcome prey decreases in areas with favourable climate and prey in the absence of superior competitors with similar foraging mode.This study is a partial result from the I + D National Plan Projects CGL2005-02340 and CGL2009-10741, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and EU-FEDER funds. J. Fernandez-de-Simon benefitted from an FPI scholarship (BES-2006-12562) funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Social Fund.Peer Reviewe