308 research outputs found
Re-Used Glass Fragments from Intercisa
Re-worked glass objects are known all over the Roman Empire, but detailed analysis of various types of re-working sherds have not yet been undertaken. In the following study, I give some examples of some interesting uses from Intercisa. The over thirty re-used glass vessel fragments from Intercisa are noteworthy since they come from the find material of a single vicus. It seems likely that the repurposing of broken glass vessels was a more common practice than the currently available publications would suggest. In all likelihood, it made good sense to re-use
the fragments of broken glass vessels either as simple domestic objects or as grave good
Chironomid communities in different vegetation types in a backwater Nagy-morotva of the active floodplain of River Tisza, Hungary
The Tradition of Snake-Thread Glass in Pannonia
Snake-thread glass vessels were used from the late 2nd to the mid-3rd century AD. At least two production centres/distribution circles have been identified in the western part of the Roman Empire, which probably owed their existence to Syrian glassmaking artisans migrating to the west. One was located in the Rhine region, the other in Pannonia. Considering the distribution of snake-thread glass fragments known to date from Pannonia, it is striking that 52 of the currently known 112 fragments were found at Intercisa, 45 exemplars came to light at Brigetio and only a few pieces are known from other sites. It is remarkable that in both towns, glass workshops were active during the same period and there is also some evidence that snake-thread glass had been produced in the workshop of Brigetio
Designing and implementing control flow graph for magic 4th generation language
A good compiler which implements many optimizations during its compilation phases must be able to perform several static analysis techniques such as control flow or data flow analysis. Besides compilers, these techniques are common for static analyzers as well to retrieve information from source code, for example for code auditing, quality assurance or testing purposes. Implementing control flow analysis requires handling many special structures of the target language. In our paper we present our experiences in implementing control flow graph (CFG) construction for a special 4th generation language called Magic. While we were designing and implementing the CFG for this language, we identified differences compared to 3rd generation languages mostly because of the unique programming technique of Magic (e.g. data access, parallel task execution, events). Our work was motivated by our industrial partner who needed precise static analysis tools (e.g. for quality assurance or testing purposes) for this language. We believe that our experiences for Magic, as a representative of 4GLs, might be generalized for other languages too
Programming language elements for correctness proofs
Formal methods are not used widely in industrial software development, because the overhead of formally proving program properties is generally not acceptable. In this paper we present an ongoing research project to make the construction of such proofs easier by embedding the proof system into a compiler. Using the introduced new programming language, the programmer writes formal specification first. The specification is to be refined using stepwise refinement which results in a proof. The compiler checks this proof and generates the corresponding program in a traditional programming language. The resulting code automatically fulfills the requirements of the specification. In this paper we present language elements to build specification statements and proofs. We give a short overview on the metaprogramming techniques of the language that support the programmer's work. Using a formal model we give the semantics of specification statements and refinements. We also prove the soundness of the basic algorithms of the compiler
The secondary glass workshop in the civil town of Brigetio
In 2006 the Klapka György Museum of KomĂĄrom together with the Institute of Archaeological Sciences at Eötvös LorĂĄnd University carried out an excavation in the less researched area of the civil town of Brigetio, at 13 VĂĄsĂĄrtĂ©r, KomĂĄrom/SzĆny. The conductors were Ă. GelencsĂ©r and E. SzĂĄmadĂł. During the excavation of an area of 153 mÂČ, the living quarters of a striphouse constructed in different time periods, and a glass workshop related to one of these periods were discovered. The building had a five constructions period and a secondary glass workshop related to one of these. Some remains of two kilns were found in the workshop. One of them was rectangular with an apsis on one side and it was divided into two separate parts. The other kiln was circular, which must have been the melting furnace, while the rectangular one was the annealing furnace and they might have been connected to each other. In the courtyard of the striphouse four big rubbish pits consisting of cylindrical moiles, spoiled pieces, raw materials as chunks, additives used for coloring, almost the whole amount of the spoiled glass beads, glass rods, glass trails and glass drops with tool-marks on them were found. One hundred and twenty-one partly fragmentary and partly complete beads were uncovered in the pits. Spherical, cylindrical, biconical, shape of forms are represented among the glass beads. Our glass workshop operated within the limits of the civil town just in a short period in the first half of the 3rd century AD
MagyarorszĂĄg ĂĄrvaszĂșnyog-faunĂĄjĂĄnak (Diptera: Chironomidae) jegyzĂ©ke az elĆfordulĂĄsi adatok Ă©s sajĂĄtossĂĄgok feltĂŒntetĂ©sĂ©vel | Checklist of the non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) of Hungary with notes on records and peculiarity of the occurence of the species
Az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok (Chironomidae) csalĂĄdja a legjelentĆsebb vĂzi gerinctelen
ĂĄllatcsoportok közĂ© tartozik. KĂ©pviselĆik lĂĄrvĂĄit egyarĂĄnt megtalĂĄlhatjuk ĂĄllĂłvizekben
Ă©s vĂzfolyĂĄsokban, az ĂŒledĂ©kben Ă©s a vĂzinövĂ©nyzet között, sĆt egyes fajaik (pl. több
Smittia faj, Axarus fungorum) terresztris Ă©lĆhelyeken (ĂŒrĂŒlĂ©kben, gombĂĄkban) fejlĆdnek. Ezen kĂvĂŒl ismerĂŒnk hĂnĂĄr- Ă©s mocsĂĄrinövĂ©nyekben aknĂĄzĂł (pl.
Glyptotendipes gripekoveni), illetve gerincteleneken ektoparazita (pl. Epoicocladius flavens) lĂĄrvĂĄjĂș fajokat is. Az imĂĄgĂłk gyakran nagy csapatokban rajzanak a part
menti növĂ©nyzet, illetve a vĂz felszĂne felett.
A sok és sokféle ökológiai igényƱ faj, amelyek között szép szåmmal vannak
több környezeti tĂ©nyezĆre is szƱk tƱrĆkĂ©pessĂ©gƱek, nagy indikĂĄtorĂ©rtĂ©ket ad a csalĂĄdnak, s Ăgy rendkĂvĂŒl jelentĆssĂ© vĂĄlnak a vĂzminĆsĂ©g jellemzĂ©sĂ©ben, amirĆl hazĂĄnkban is szĂĄmos munkĂĄban beszĂĄmoltak (DĂVAI 1990; DĂVAI et al. 1980, 1993,
1994; SZĂTĂ 1997a, 1997b, 1998a, 1998b, 1999c). A tavak tipizĂĄlĂĄsĂĄt is elvĂ©geztĂ©k
az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyog-fauna alapjĂĄn, amelynek hazai kĂ©rdĂ©seivel BERCZIK (1957a) foglalkozott.
Az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok fontos elemei a tĂĄplĂĄlĂ©klĂĄncnak, növĂ©nyevĆk, ragadozĂłk
Ă©s törmelĂ©kevĆk egyarĂĄnt megtalĂĄlhatĂłk közöttĂŒk. JelentĆs haltĂĄplĂĄlĂ©kszervezetek
(BERINKEY Ă©s FARKAS 1956; BĂRĂ P. 1974; BĂRĂ P. Ă©s B. MUSKĂ 1995; BĂRĂ
P. et al. 1999, 2003; ENTZ 1957; ENTZ Ă©s LUKACSOVICS 1957; JĂSZFALUSI Ă©s
PAPP 1966; SPECZIĂR Ă©s BĂRĂ P. 1999a; SPECZIĂR et al. 1997; TĂTRAI Ă©s
PONYI 1976; TĂLG 1959, 1960).
Az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok szerepe meghatĂĄrozĂł lehet az anyagforgalomban is, pĂ©ldĂĄul egy-egy kirepĂŒlĂ©s sorĂĄn jelentĆs mennyisĂ©gƱ szerves anyagot tĂĄvolĂthatnak el
a vĂztĂ©rbĆl (BERCZIK 1962b; DĂVAI 1984, 1988, 1992, 1993; DĂVAI et al. 1979;
OLĂH 1976; SPECZIĂR 2000; SPECZIĂR Ă©s BĂRĂ P. 1999b; TĂTRAI 1982a,
1982b, 1985, 1986, 1989). GazdasĂĄgi jelentĆsĂ©gĂŒk sem elhanyagolhatĂł, kĂĄrtĂ©telĂŒk
szĂĄmottevĆ lehet pĂ©ldĂĄul rizsföldeken (BOGNĂR 1958; BOGNĂR Ă©s NAGY 1962;
MEGYERI Ă©s SZEKĂR 1957; SZEKĂR 1953; SZILVĂSSY 1963; SZILVĂSSY Ă©s
SZĂTĂ 1971, 1982; SZĂTĂ 1971, 1972; ZILAHI-SEBESS 1954).
JelentĆsĂ©gĂŒk ellenĂ©re a hazai faunĂĄt kevĂ©ssĂ© ismerjĂŒk, ami elsĆsorban taxonĂłmiai nehĂ©zsĂ©gekre vezethetĆ vissza. Az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogok jelenlegi osztĂĄlyozĂĄsa az
összes Ă©letstĂĄdium jellemzĆinek egyidejƱ figyelembe vĂ©telĂ©vel törtĂ©nik. Ez nem
mindig volt Ăgy, Ă©s a legĂșjabb taxonĂłmiai vizsgĂĄlatokig az ĂĄrvaszĂșnyogoknĂĄl kĂ©tfĂ©le
osztålyozås létezett. Az egyik kizårólag az imågók vizsgålatån alapult, ami kevés és
nagy fajszĂĄmĂș gĂ©nuszt eredmĂ©nyezett. A mĂĄsik, csak a lĂĄrvĂĄk vizsgĂĄlatĂĄn alapulĂł
rendszerre a sok, kis fajszĂĄmĂș gĂ©nusz volt jellemzĆ. A kĂ©tfĂ©le osztĂĄlyozĂĄs egymĂĄstĂłl elkĂŒlönĂŒlten lĂ©tezett, amely rendkĂvĂŒli mĂłdon megnehezĂti a rĂ©gebben közölt
fajok modern szemlĂ©let alapjĂĄn törtĂ©nĆ besorolĂĄsĂĄt. LeĂrtak fajokat bĂĄbok, illetve
bĂĄbbĆrök vizsgĂĄlata alapjĂĄn is, ami tovĂĄbb bonyolĂtja az egyes fajok pontos taxonĂłmiai besorolĂĄsĂĄt. TovĂĄbbi gondot jelent, hogy sok taxonnĂĄl napjainkban is folyik a
taxonĂłmiai revĂziĂł (pl. Procladius, Einfeldia), ennek köszönhetĆen sok faj taxonĂłmiai
hovatartozåsa még mindig nem egyértelmƱ. Sok esetben (pl. Chironomus
gĂ©nusz) a rokon fajok morfolĂłgiai bĂ©lyegek alapjĂĄn nem kĂŒlönĂthetĆk el egymĂĄstĂłl
egyĂ©rtelmƱen, a biztos azonosĂtĂĄs csak modern taxonĂłmiai mĂłdszerek (kariolĂłgia,
enzimolĂłgia, pĂĄsztĂĄzĂł elektronmikroszkĂłpia) segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel vĂ©gezhetĆ el, amint erre
a hazai fauna vizsgĂĄlata sorĂĄn a Chironomus fajokon DĂVAI Ă©s munkatĂĄrsai (DĂVAI et al. 1983b, 1984a; DĂVAI Ă©s PRECZNER 1985) is rĂĄmutattak.
MunkĂĄnk cĂ©lja a hazai ĂĄrvaszĂșnyog-fauna minĂ©l alaposabb feltĂĄrĂĄsa Ă©s megismerĂ©se. Ennek elsĆ ĂĄllomĂĄsa a teljes hazai szakirodalom feldolgozĂĄsa, majd ennek
alapjĂĄn a hazĂĄnk terĂŒletĂ©rĆl eddig leĂrt fajok szĂĄmbavĂ©tele Ă©s a legfrissebb taxonĂłmiai eredmĂ©nyek alapjĂĄn törtĂ©nĆ revĂziĂłja volt.
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The family of non-biting midges (Chironomidae) is one of the
largest families of Diptera. Although it is one of the best known and studied
families of dipterous flies, the knowledge on the chironomid fauna of Hungary is
still largely incomplete. This is a checklist of non-biting midges found through
the end of 2004 with the utmost references to their reliable records in the
territory of modern Hungary. The list is based mainly on a review of the
literature. During the last 104 years 227 works on Chironomidae have been
published. 114 of them include faunistical data. Hitherto a total of 6 subfamilies,
96 genera and 228 species are known to occur in Hungary, and further 26
genera and 90 species are expected to occur. In addition, the list includes 34
nomina dubia and 11 names which cannot be placed in the modern
classification. In the cases of all species the synonymies, the distributional and
the ecological data are given and the citations on their occurrence in Hungary
are listed
ĂrvaszĂșnyog-faunisztikai (Diptera: Chironomidae) vizsgĂĄlatok felsĆ-Tisza-vidĂ©ki holtmedrekben | Faunistical investigation on non-biting midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) from backwaters at the Upper-Tisza region
2004-ben Ă©s 2005-ben vĂ©gzett vizsgĂĄlataink sorĂĄn kilenc felsĆ Tisza-vidĂ©ki holtmederbĆl gyƱjtöttĂŒnk ĂĄrvaszĂșnyoglĂĄrvĂĄkat. Ăsszesen 41
taxont azonosĂtottunk, amelyek közĂŒl 8 a Tanypodinae, 2 az Orthocladiinae, 31
a Chironominae alcsalĂĄdba tartozott. A vizsgĂĄlt fajok közĂŒl 11 (Tanypus kraatzi,
Chironomus cingulatus, Chironomus nuditarsis, Chironomus nudiventris,
Dicrotendipes lobiger, Dicrotendipes notatus, Glyptotendipes viridis,
Phaenopsectra flavipes, Polypedilum cultellatum, Synendotendipes impar,
Synendotendipes lepidus) eddig kevesebb, mint öt lelĆhelyrĆl kerĂŒlt elĆ hazĂĄnk
terĂŒletĂ©n. Emellett Ășjabb adatokkal jĂĄrultunk hozzĂĄ az eddig tisztĂĄzatlan
taxonómiai helyzetƱ Glyptotendipes caulicola hazai elterjedésének
megismeréséhez.
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In 2004 and 2005 chironomid larvae were collected from 9
backwaters of the Upper-Tisza-region. 41 chironomid taxa were identified (8
Tanypodinae, 2 Orthocladiinae, 31 Chironominae). Among the collected
species 11 (Tanypus kraatzi, Chironomus cingulatus, Chironomus nuditarsis,
Chironomus nudiventris, Dicrotendipes lobiger, Dicrotendipes notatus,
Glyptotendipes viridis, Phaenopsectra flavipes, Polypedilum cultellatum,
Synendotendipes impar, Synendotendipes lepidus) are very rare, found in less
than 5 localities in Hungary. New data are given to the Hungarian distribution of
the Glyptotendipes caulicola, which had a taxonomically uncleared status until
now
Recent river channel change detections in the section of the River Tisza above TiszaĂșjlak (Vilok)
In the section above TiszaĂșjlak, despite the presence of embankments, the River Tisza shows active
meandering tendency and it splits into branches resulting in side channels, dead channels and backwaters
that follow the main channel. In our work we examined the right- and the left-side riverbank sections of
the River Tisza, between TiszaĂșjlak (ĐĐžĐ»ĐŸĐș) and TiszasĂĄsvĂĄr (ĐąŃĐŸŃĐœĐžĐș), as well as between TiszaĂșjlak
and TiszapĂ©terfalva (ĐĐžĐčŃĐ”ŃŃĐŸĐ»ĐČĐŸ), to reveal the extent of bar depositions between 2006 and 2015, and
to what extent the intensity and direction of the riverbank formation processes were influenced by the
material of the bank and the plant coverage, its rate and characteristics. We tried to reveal which sections
were eroded by the river and what security risks they have for the safety of the settlements along the
Tisza River. On the right side of the Tisza River riverbank 51, and on the left side 62 main measuring
points were recorded by GPS positioning satellite in 2009, 2010 and 2015. Our results were compared to
the satellite images of Google Earth taken in 2006, too. According to our experience, in several bends of
the examined sections of the river, active bar deposition can be observed; in some cases more than 100
m of bar depositions were detected
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