Hábitats y usos tradicionales de especies de Urtica l. en la cuenca alta del Rio Ambato, Tungurahua- Ecuador

For hundreds of years the people of peasant and indigenous communities in the Andes have used nettle in the treatmentof biological and spiritual diseases, nevertheless their uses are little documented in this particular region. The aim of thestudy was to register the main species of the genus Urtica L. (nettles), in villages in the upper basin of the river Ambato,Tungurahua Province, Ecuador, their uses and the local knowledge around them. Key informants (natural therapists)were selected to perform individual and group interviews. Plant samples were collected at specific places well known bythe informants. The samples were preserved, soil samples were taken for analysis of pH and organic matter. Traditionaluses of each species and the characteristics of the informants were documented. The results show that there are fourspecies of nettles, three natives (U. flabellata, U. leptophylla and U. magellanica) and one introduced (U. dioica), growing on soils with pH ranges between 6.16 y 7.68 with a mean percentage of organic matter at 12.37%. Each has a preferential use, the permanence and contribution to the local knowledge is discussed.Durante cientos de años los habitantes de las comunidades campesinas e indígenas en los Andes han utilizado la ortiga enel tratamiento de enfermedades así como en tratamientos espirituales, a pesar de esto, sus usos están poco documentadasen esta región en particular. El objetivo del estudio es registrar las principales especies del género Urtica L. (ortigas), enlos pueblos de la cuenca alta del río Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador, sus usos y el conocimiento local entorno a ellas. Se seleccionaron informantes clave (terapeutas naturales) para llevar a cabo entrevistas individuales ygrupales. Las muestras de plantas fueron recolectadas en lugares específicos conocidos por los informantes. Las muestrasse conservaron, se tomaron muestras de suelo para análisis de pH y materia orgánica. Se documentaron los usos tradicionales de cada especie y las características de los informantes. Los resultados muestran que existen cuatro especies deortigas, tres nativas (U. flabellata, U. leptophylla y U. magellanica) y una introducida (U. dioica), creciendo en rangosde pH entre 6.16 y 7.68 con una media de porcentaje de materia orgánica de 12.37%. Cada una tiene un uso preferente, lapermanencia y la contribución al conocimiento local se discut

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Hábitats y usos tradicionales de especies de Urtica l. en la cuenca alta del Rio Ambato, Tungurahua- Ecuador

For hundreds of years the people of peasant and indigenous communities in the Andes have used nettle in the treatmentof biological and spiritual diseases, nevertheless their uses are little documented in this particular region. The aim of thestudy was to register the main species of the genus Urtica L. (nettles), in villages in the upper basin of the river Ambato,Tungurahua Province, Ecuador, their uses and the local knowledge around them. Key informants (natural therapists)were selected to perform individual and group interviews. Plant samples were collected at specific places well known bythe informants. The samples were preserved, soil samples were taken for analysis of pH and organic matter. Traditionaluses of each species and the characteristics of the informants were documented. The results show that there are fourspecies of nettles, three natives (U. flabellata, U. leptophylla and U. magellanica) and one introduced (U. dioica), growing on soils with pH ranges between 6.16 y 7.68 with a mean percentage of organic matter at 12.37%. Each has a preferential use, the permanence and contribution to the local knowledge is discussed.Durante cientos de años los habitantes de las comunidades campesinas e indígenas en los Andes han utilizado la ortiga enel tratamiento de enfermedades así como en tratamientos espirituales, a pesar de esto, sus usos están poco documentadasen esta región en particular. El objetivo del estudio es registrar las principales especies del género Urtica L. (ortigas), enlos pueblos de la cuenca alta del río Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador, sus usos y el conocimiento local entorno a ellas. Se seleccionaron informantes clave (terapeutas naturales) para llevar a cabo entrevistas individuales ygrupales. Las muestras de plantas fueron recolectadas en lugares específicos conocidos por los informantes. Las muestrasse conservaron, se tomaron muestras de suelo para análisis de pH y materia orgánica. Se documentaron los usos tradicionales de cada especie y las características de los informantes. Los resultados muestran que existen cuatro especies deortigas, tres nativas (U. flabellata, U. leptophylla y U. magellanica) y una introducida (U. dioica), creciendo en rangosde pH entre 6.16 y 7.68 con una media de porcentaje de materia orgánica de 12.37%. Cada una tiene un uso preferente, lapermanencia y la contribución al conocimiento local se discut

Habitats and traditional uses of species of Urtica l. in the high basin of Rio Ambato, Tungurahua-Ecuador

For hundreds of years the people of peasant and indigenous communities in the Andes have used nettle in the treatment of biological and spiritual diseases, nevertheless their uses are little documented in this particular region. The aim of the study was to register the main species of the genus Urtica L. (nettles), in villages in the upper basin of the river Ambato, Tungurahua Province, Ecuador, their uses and the local knowledge around them. Key informants (natural therapists) were selected to perform individual and group interviews. Plant samples were collected at specific places well known by the informants. The samples were preserved, soil samples were taken for analysis of pH and organic matter. Traditional uses of each species and the characteristics of the informants were documented. The results show that there are four species of nettles, three natives (U. flabellata, U. leptophylla and U. magellanica) and one introduced (U. dioica), growing on soils with pH ranges between 6.16 y 7.68 with a mean percentage of organic matter at 12.37%. Each has a preferential use, the permanence and contribution to the local knowledge is discussed

Prolija Memoria. Estudios de cultura virreinal. Año 1. Vol. 1, Núm.1. Noviembre 2004

Revista dedicada al rescate de la cultura virreinal desde una perspectiva múltiple e interdisciplinaria, con énfasis en la historia, el arte, la literatura, el entorno social, la retórica y la preceptiva que imperaban como modelos de expresión en dicho periodo de la historia novohispana, sin excluir colaboraciones relacionadas con el nuevo mundo. Prolija memoria está organizada en tres secciones: "Artículos", que incluye estudios sobre los aspectos referidos; "Memoria", donde se rescatan valiosos ensayos publicados tiempo antes, y "Reseñas", en la cual se da cuenta de las más recientes publicaciones sobre el tema

Revolution: Museo de las estrellas un paseo por la fama : Hollywood

Convocatoria proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2020/2021Se describe un proyecto llevado a cabo entre 13 centros educativos extremeños que consistió en desarrollar cinco unidades de trabajo gamificadas, cinco historias detectivescas con misterios por resolver, donde se ponían a prueba las habilidades de lógica, la capacidad de observación, de concentración y de atención de los alumnos. Los objetivos principales de la propuesta fueron: promover la puesta en práctica de proyectos intercentros; impulsar pedagogías activas; desarrollar la competencia digital a través del uso de las pedagogías emergentes lo que ha permitido llevar a cabo una enseñanza presencial, híbrida y virtual y atender a la diversidadExtremaduraES