Some aerophytic algae in the „Mokry Bór” reserve

The results of investigation on aerophytic algae grown on different tree species in the area of the „Mokry Bor” reserve carried in February 1995. Among the found green algae Apatococcus lobatus played important role. It occurred on the surface of nearly all examined trees creating dark green coatings on the tree barks (excluding Carpinus be lulus). On Abies and Picea apart from Apatococcus also other synantropic green alga occurred Gloeotila protogenita. They were accompanied by the following species: Chlorella vulgaris, Ch. ellipsoidea, Klebsormidium flaccidum, Stichococcus bacillaris, Pseudococcomyxa simplex and Heterothrix exilis, representing probably previous natural communities. Obtained ultrastructures of cells of Apatococcus showed inside some specimens presence of fungus haustorium, which however did not affect cellular structures of this algae. This form of symbiosis has not been observed so far in the case of this green alga. Characteristic ultrastructure observed in the green alga Gloeotila (in particular the thick layer of mucus surrounding the vegetative cells) proves presence on this area of a typical land form containing pyrenoid of a specific structure. Its land character is also proven by the reproduction ways.W tej pracy przedstawione zostały wyniki badań dotyczące glonów aerofitycznych, występujących na różnych drzewach na terenie rezerwatu ścisłego „Mokry Bór” (Świętokrzyski Park Narodowy). Materiał został zebrany w lutym 1995 r. Stwierdzono na prawie wszystkich badanych drzewach (z wyjątkiem Carpinus betulus) obecność Apatococcus lobatus.Zadanie pt. Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

On the dependence on a parameter of solutions of a linear functional equation

W pracy dowodzi się twierdzenia 1 o istnieniu i jednoznaczności rozwiązań ciągłych równania (1) w zbiorze ^ w przypadku (C). Podaje się przykład dowodzący istotności założenia (iv ) Dowodzi się także twierdzenia 2 o istnieniu rozwiązań ciągłych w ^ w przypadku (B) zależnych od dowolnej funkcji

On the Orthogonal Stability of the Pexiderized Quadratic Equation

The Hyers--Ulam stability of the conditional quadratic functional equation of Pexider type f(x+y)+f(x-y)=2g(x)+2h(y), x\perp y is established where \perp is a symmetric orthogonality in the sense of Ratz and f is odd.Comment: 10 pages, Latex; Changed conten

Strach przed COVID-19, percepcja ryzyka i zagrożenia a poziom stresu u polskich pielęgniarek w czasie pandemii COVID-19

Introduction. The outbreak of COVID-19 disease causes severe stress in health care workers, especially nurses.Nurses are at high risk of contracting the disease, as well as an increased risk of developing mental health symptomssuch as fear, anxiety and work-related stress.Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19, risk perception, perceivedthreat and stress in Polish nurses during COVID-19 outbreak.Material and Methods. 106 nurses participated in the study. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale(FOC-6), Risk of Contracting COVID-19 Scale and Perceived Threat of COVID-19 Scale were used in the study.Results. It has been shown that perceived stress, fear of COVID-19, perceived risk and threat are at high level. Allthe variables related to the perception of COVID-19 threat were significantly correlated with the perceived stress.The strongest relationship was between the risk of infection and perceived stress. Risk perception was statisticallysignificant predictor of perceived stress.Conclusions. Polish nurses experience severe stress and perceive COVID-19 as a significant threat for their healthand safety. In addition to protecting medical personnel from infection, nurses experiencing the highest levels ofstress should be given psychological care and support, which could prevent the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their mental health. (JNNN 2021;10(1):3–9)Wstęp. Pandemia COVID-19 powoduje silny stres u pracowników ochrony zdrowia, zwłaszcza u pielęgniarek. Pielęgniarki są w grupie osób szczególnie narażonych na zarażenie wirusem. Są również narażone na odczuwanie psychologicznych negatywnych skutków pandemii, takich jak strach, lęk i stres związany z pracą.Cel. Celem badań było określenie związku między strachem przed COVID-19, postrzeganiem ryzyka i zagrożeniaa stresem u polskich pielęgniarek podczas pandemii COVID-19.Materiał i metody. W badaniu wzięło udział 106 pielęgniarek. W badaniu wykorzystano Skalę Odczuwanego Stresu(PSS-10), Skalę Strachu przed COVID-19 (FOC-6), Skalę Postrzeganego Ryzyka Zachorowania na COVID-19oraz Skalę Postrzeganego Zagrożenia COVID-19.Wyniki. Wykazano, że postrzegany przez pielęgniarki stres i strach przed COVID-19, postrzegane ryzyko i zagrożeniesą na wysokim poziomie. Wszystkie zmienne związane z postrzeganiem zagrożenia związanego z COVID-19 byłyistotnie statystycznie skorelowane z odczuwanym stresem. Najsilniejszy związek występował między postrzeganymryzykiem a odczuwanym stresem. Postrzeganie ryzyka było statystycznie istotnym predyktorem odczuwanego stresu.Wnioski. Pielęgniarki doświadczają silnego stresu i postrzegają COVID-19 jako istotne zagrożenie dla ich zdrowiai bezpieczeństwa. Oprócz zabezpieczania pracowników ochrony zdrowia przed zakażeniem należałoby pielęgniarkomdoświadczającym najwyższego poziomu stresu zapewnić pomoc psychologiczną i wsparcie, co mogłoby zapobiecnegatywnemu wpływowi pandemii COVID-19 na ich zdrowie psychiczne. (PNN 2021;10(1):3–9

Differences in the ultrastructure of two selected taxa of phytoplankton in a thermally stratified Lake Holzmaar (Germany)

This paper presents the results of ultrastructural studies and ecological aspects of some phytoplankton species belongingto the groups of cyanobacteria (Planktothrix rubescens, Synechocystis aquatilis) and green algae (Desmodesmus grahneisii). Specimens were collected during summertime from the mesotrophic and stratified Lake Holzmaar (Western Germany) as planktonic from the pelagic zone. The highest cyanobacterium P. rubescens concentration was detected in the metalimnion where the alkaline pH, low phosphorus and high nitrogen contents were recorded. It was characterized by straight filaments up to 1000 um long and 5.4-8 um wide and numerous aerotopes in cells. The accompanying algae were identified by ultrastructuralanalysis and photographic documentation was provided. In the case of D. grahneisii, chloroplast was concentrated in the parietal part of cell with one large, oval pyrenoid and, in addition, the granular and spiny cell wall clearly showed important taxonomical criteria for Desmodesmus genera. This is in contrast with cyanobacterium S. aquatilis where the presence of a homogeneous content with visible chromatoplasma was mostly distributed through the cell. This algal association was stable in the epilimnion characterized by the presence of high temperature, pH values, nitrate nitrogen and oxygen concentrations

Generalization of Edelstein's fixed point theorem

Let i = 1 , . . . , n be metric spaces. Let T.,, df i = 1 , . . . , n be transformations mapping of B = X^ * . . . * XQ i n t o X^. itor any p o s i t i v e number a we define (cf. also [3]) Za = »x n ) 6 B s d i ^ i t 1 ! ^ » ' " i x n ) ] < a» i = 1 , . . . , n | . In [ l ] the following f i x e d point theorem has been proved, generalizing the Banach p r i n c i p l e for contraction maps ( c f . [4]): Let E be a metric space and T an operator which transforms E into i t s e l f . Suppose that d[T(x), T(y)] < d(x,y), x ^ y, x,y e E. Assume t h a t there e x i s t s x e E such that the sequence at i t e r a t e s {Tm(x)| contains a subsequence m I T (x)j convergent to a point u e E. Then u is a unique f i x e d point of T. The purpose of the present paper i s to prove (using the n o t a t i o n of t h e s e t s Za„ ) a f i x e d point theorem which generalize s the E d e l s t e i n ' s theorem and the r e s u l t in [5] (Fragment tekstu)

Observations on aerophytic cyanobacteria and algae from ten caves in the Ojców National Park

This study, carried out in 2010–11, focuses on species composition and distribution of cyanobacterial and algal communities colonizing ten caves (Biała, Ciemna, Koziarnia, Krakowska, Łokietka, Okopy Wielka Dolna, Sąspowska, Sypialnia, Zbójecka and Złodziejska Caves) in the Ojców National Park (South Poland). A total of 85 taxa were identified, 35 of them belonging to cyanobacteria, 30 chlorophytes, and 20 belonging to other groups of algae. Aerophytic cyanobacteria dominated in these calcareous habitats. Nine species, Gloeocapsa alpina, Nostoc commune, Chlorella vulgaris, Dilabifilum arthopyreniae, Klebsormidium flaccidum, Muriella decolor, Neocystis subglobosa, and Orthoseira roseana, were the most abundant taxa in all the caves. The investigated microhabitats offer relatively stable microclimatic conditions and are likely to be responsible for the observed vertical distribution of aerophytic cyanobacteria and algae

Approximately Vanishing of Topological Cohomology Groups

In this paper, we establish the Pexiderized stability of coboundaries and cocycles and use them to investigate the Hyers--Ulam stability of some functional equations. We prove that for each Banach algebra $A$, Banach $A$-bimodule $X$ and positive integer $n, H^n(A,X)=0$ if and only if the $n$-th cohomology group approximately vanishes.Comment: 18 pages, minor correction

The use of cannabinoid compounds in therapy in children - future or threat?

Introduction and objective: Therapy with the use of "medical marijuana" is becoming more and more popular with patients, who often perceive it as a more natural and safe form of treatment. It is also more and more boldly considered by physicians in the pediatric population, especially when standard methods of pharmacotherapy prove insufficient. The following review focuses on the possibilities of using cannabis preparations in children with drug-resistant epilepsy, autism spectrum disorders and spasticity. It also draws attention to the possible side effects and risks of unjustified use of medical marijuana. State of knowledge: In the pediatric population, high efficacy and a favorable safety profile have been proven so far in the treatment of epileptic seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Dravet syndrome, and for the treatment of epileptic seizures in tuberous sclerosis complex, (TSC) . Although the therapy has been approved only for the above-mentioned indications, high hopes are also placed on the use of cannabinoids to treat the symptoms of other diseases and disorders, including spasticity and autism spectrum disorders. Conclusions: The research carried out so far gives hope for the possibility of using medical marijuana in other indications as well, as its use correlates with the reduction of i.a. symptoms of spasticity or autism spectrum disorders. At the same time, further studies are needed to assess the balance of benefits and potential risks of the therapy. Since recreational cannabis use in youth is known to be associated with serious adverse events,&nbsp; and medical cannabis use has a relatively strong placebo effect, decisions about its use should always be made carefully and based on scientific evidence

The current knowledge on ASXL1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia is a malignant hematopoietic cancer, in the pathogenesis of which the central role is played by the mutations of genes controlling maturation and apoptosis of bone marrow progenitor cells. A mutation in the ASXL1 gene, whose protein product takes part in the regulation of gene expression, is of prognostic importance, being a negative prognostic and predictive factor. It is estimated that the ASXL1 gene mutation occurs in 14.4-19.1% of patients with AML and is more frequent in men over 60 years of age. Aberrations of chromosomes 8 and 11 often co-occur with ASXL1 gene mutation in AML and may provide additional prognostically relevant information. Treatment of patients with AML is tailored to the patient depending on the risk group, karyotype aberrations and coexisting mutations. Many patients are not eligible for allo-HSCT, although this method significantly improves the survival of AML patients with ASXL1 gene mutations. Gilteritinib may also be used to treat these patients, but the multitude of associated mutations forces to rely on chemotherapy based on non-specific cytotoxic drugs. This review summarizes the most crucial information concerning the pathogenesis, peculiarities, diagnosis and therapy of AML with coexisting ASXL1 mutation.Ostra białaczka szpikowa jest nowotworem złośliwym układu krwiotwórczego, w patogenezie której centralną rolę pełnią mutacje genów kontrolujących dojrzewanie i apoptozę komórek progenitorowych szpiku. Istotna rokowniczo jest mutacja w genie ASXL1, którego produkt białkowy bierze udział w regulacji ekspresji genów. Jest ona negatywnym czynnikiem prognostycznym i predykcyjnym. &nbsp;Szacuje się, że mutacja genu ASXL1 występuje u 14,4-19,1% pacjentów z AML i jest częstsza u mężczyzn powyżej 60 roku życia. Aberracje chromosomów 8 i 11 często współwystępują z mutacją genu ASXL1 w AML i mogą stanowić dodatkową, istotną prognostycznie informację. Leczenie chorych z AML dopasowywane jest do pacjenta w zależności od grupy ryzyka, zmian kariotypu oraz współistniejących mutacji. Duża liczba chorych nie kwalifikuje się do allo-HSCT, choć ta metoda znacznie poprawia przeżywalność pacjentów z AML z mutacją genu ASXL1. Zastosowanie w terapii tych pacjentów może mieć również gilterytynib, jednak mnogość towarzyszących mutacji zmusza do bazowania na chemioterapii opartej na niespecyficznych lekach cytotoksycznych. Celem pracy jest podsumowanie najważniejszych informacji dotyczących patogenezy, cech szczególnych, diagnostyki i terapii AML z współistniejącą mutacją ASXL1