195 research outputs found
Realizing Degree Sequences with Graphs Having Nowhere-Zero 3-Flows
The following open problem was proposed by Archdeacon: Characterize all graphical sequences π such that some realization of π admits a nowhere-zero 3-flow. The purpose of this paper is to resolve this problem and present a complete characterization: A graphical sequence π = (d1, d2, ., dn) with minimum degree at least two has a realization that admits a nowhere-zero 3-flow if and only if π ≠ (34, 2), (k, 3k), (k2, 3k―1), where k is an odd integer
Algorithms for probabilistic uncertain linguistic multiple attribute group decision making based on the GRA and CRITIC method: application to location planning of electric vehicle charging stations
Electric vehicles (EVs) could be regarded as one of the most
innovative and high technologies all over the world to cope with
the fossil fuel energy resource crisis and environmental pollution
issues. As the initiatory task of EV charging station (EVCS) construction,
site selection play an important part throughout the
whole life cycle, which is deemed to be multiple attribute group
decision making (MAGDM) problem involving many experts and
many conflicting attributes. In this paper, a grey relational analysis
(GRA) method is investigated to tackle the probabilistic uncertain
linguistic MAGDM in which the attribute weights are completely
unknown information. Firstly, the definition of the expected value
is then employed to objectively derive the attribute weights
based on the CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation
(CRITIC) method. Then, the optimal alternative is chosen by calculating
largest relative relational degree from the probabilistic
uncertain linguistic positive ideal solution (PULPIS) which considers
both the largest grey relational coefficient from the PULPIS and the
smallest grey relational coefficient from the probabilistic uncertain
linguistic negative ideal solution (PULNIS). Finally, a numerical
case for site selection of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) is
designed to illustrate the proposed method. The result shows the
approach is simple, effective and easy to calculate
Tetra-μ-acetato-κ4 O:O′;κ3 O,O′:O;κ3 O:O,O′-bis[(acetato-κ2 O,O′)(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)europium(III)]
In the title centrosymmetric dinuclear complex, [Eu2(CH3CO2)6(C12H8N2)2], the EuIII atom is nine-coordinated by two N atoms from a 1,10-phenanthroline ligand and seven O atoms from five acetate ligands (two bidentate, three monodentate). The crystal structure is stabilized by π–π stacking interactions between the pyridine and benzene rings of adjacent molecules, with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.829 (2) Å
Extracting contour lines from topographic maps based on cartography and graphics knowledge
This paper addresses the problem of contour line extraction from scanned topographic maps in poor condition. A novel method is developed, using knowledge of cartography and graphics to extract contours by removing other layers which overlay the contours, and reconstructing the contour lines. The contributions of this paper are the supplementation of the use of knowledge discovery for extraction on the scanned topographic maps.
Examples are presented from diverse applications to show that the developed algorithm can work effectively.Facultad de Informátic
Mdivi-1, a mitochondrial fission inhibitor, modulates T helper cells and suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
BACKGROUND: Unrestrained activation of Th1 and Th17 cells is associated with the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). While inactivation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a GTPase that regulates mitochondrial fission, can reduce EAE severity by protecting myelin from demyelination, its effect on immune responses in EAE has not yet been studied.
METHODS: We investigated the effect of Mdivi-1, a small molecule inhibitor of Drp1, on EAE. Clinical scores, inflammation, demyelination and Drp1 activation in the central nervous system (CNS), and T cell responses in both CNS and periphery were determined.
RESULTS: Mdivi-1 effectively suppressed EAE severity by reducing demyelination and cellular infiltration in the CNS. Mdivi-1 treatment decreased the phosphorylation of Drp1 (ser616) on CD4+ T cells, reduced the numbers of Th1 and Th17 cells, and increased Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the CNS. Moreover, Mdivi-1 treatment effectively inhibited IFN-γ+, IL-17+, and GM-CSF+ CD4+ T cells, while it induced CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in splenocytes by flow cytometry.
CONCLUSIONS: Together, our results demonstrate that Mdivi-1 has therapeutic potential in EAE by modulating the balance between Th1/Th17 and regulatory T cells
CODAS method for 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy multiple attribute group decision making and its application to financial management performance assessment
Financial management performance evaluation (FMPE) has a significant effect on the identifying an investment chance. We can usually consider FMPE as a multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) issue, and the MAGDM method is needed to address it. Uncertainty may be one of the significant factors which could influence the process of MAGDM. In order to handle the uncertainty of group decision-making issues, MAGDM approaches along with 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy sets (2TLPFSs) have been designed. In this essay, CODAS method is extended to 2TLPFSs to tackle MAGDM issues. Linguistic variables and 2TLPFSs are also used to extend the CODAS method. An application of the presented 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy CODAS (2TLPF-CODAS) method to a case study of FMPE problem with 2-tuple linguistic Pythagorean fuzzy numbers (2TLPFNs) is given. To confirm the results, a comparative analysis between the fuzzy CODAS and 2TLPF-TODIM is performed. The results of the comparison illustrate that the presented 2TLPF-CODAS method offers effective and steady results
EDAS method for multiple attribute group decision making under q-rung orthopair fuzzy environment
Extended q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) is an excellent tool to depict the qualitative assessing information in multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) environments. The EDAS method is very effective especially when the conflicting attributes exist in the MAGDM issues in which the optimal alternative should have the biggest value of PDAS and the smallest value of NDAS. In this paper, we put forward the EDAS method for MAGDM issues under q-ROFSs, which makes use of average solution (AS) for assessing the chosen alternatives. The positive distance from AS (PDAS) and negative distance from AS (NDAS) is derived through the score of q-ROFSs. Then, the sorting order or the optimal alternative can be acquired by computing integrative appraisal score. Finally, a numerical example for buying a refrigerator is given to testify our developed EDAS method and some comparative analysis are also raised to further show the precious merits of this method.
First published online 27 November 201
Anomalous superconducting proximity effect of planar Pb-RhPb2 heterojunctions in the clean limit
Interest in superconducting proximity effect has been revived by the
exploitation of Andreev states and by the possible emergence of Majorana bound
states at the interface. Spectroscopy of these states has been so far
restricted to just a handful of superconductor-metal systems in the diffusion
regime, whereas reports in otherwise clean superconductor-superconductor
heterojunctions are scarce. Here, we realize molecular beam epitaxy growth of
atomically sharp planar heterojunctions between Pb and a topological
superconductor candidate RhPb2 that allows us to spectroscopically image the
proximity effect in the clean limit. The measured energy spectra of RhPb2 vary
with the spatial separation from proximal Pb, and exhibit unusual modifications
in the pairing gap structure and size that extend over a distance far beyond
the coherence length. This anomalously long-range proximity (LRP) effect breaks
the rotational symmetry of Cooper pair potential in real space and largely
deforms the Abrikosov vortex cores. Our work opens promising avenues for
fundamental studies of the Andreev physics and extraordinary states in clean
superconducting heterojunctions.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
- …