17,908 research outputs found
Learning a Mixture of Deep Networks for Single Image Super-Resolution
Single image super-resolution (SR) is an ill-posed problem which aims to
recover high-resolution (HR) images from their low-resolution (LR)
observations. The crux of this problem lies in learning the complex mapping
between low-resolution patches and the corresponding high-resolution patches.
Prior arts have used either a mixture of simple regression models or a single
non-linear neural network for this propose. This paper proposes the method of
learning a mixture of SR inference modules in a unified framework to tackle
this problem. Specifically, a number of SR inference modules specialized in
different image local patterns are first independently applied on the LR image
to obtain various HR estimates, and the resultant HR estimates are adaptively
aggregated to form the final HR image. By selecting neural networks as the SR
inference module, the whole procedure can be incorporated into a unified
network and be optimized jointly. Extensive experiments are conducted to
investigate the relation between restoration performance and different network
architectures. Compared with other current image SR approaches, our proposed
method achieves state-of-the-arts restoration results on a wide range of images
consistently while allowing more flexible design choices. The source codes are
available in http://www.ifp.illinois.edu/~dingliu2/accv2016
Bias and angular dependence of spin-transfer torque in magnetic tunnel junctions
We use spin-transfer-driven ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) to measure the
spin-transfer torque vector T in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions as a
function of the offset angle between the magnetic moments of the electrodes and
as a function of bias, V. We explain the conflicting conclusions of two
previous experiments by accounting for additional terms that contribute to the
ST-FMR signal at large |V|. Including the additional terms gives us improved
precision in the determination of T(V), allowing us to distinguish among
competing predictions. We determine that the in-plane component of has a weak
but non-zero dependence on bias, varying by 30-35% over the bias range where
the measurements are accurate, and that the perpendicular component can be
large enough to be technologically significant. We also make comparisons to
other experimental techniques that have been used to try to measure T(V).Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures. Expanded with additional data and discussion. In
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Malaria parasite translocon structure and mechanism of effector export.
The putative Plasmodium translocon of exported proteins (PTEX) is essential for transport of malarial effector proteins across a parasite-encasing vacuolar membrane into host erythrocytes, but the mechanism of this process remains unknown. Here we show that PTEX is a bona fide translocon by determining structures of the PTEX core complex at near-atomic resolution using cryo-electron microscopy. We isolated the endogenous PTEX core complex containing EXP2, PTEX150 and HSP101 from Plasmodium falciparum in the 'engaged' and 'resetting' states of endogenous cargo translocation using epitope tags inserted using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. In the structures, EXP2 and PTEX150 interdigitate to form a static, funnel-shaped pseudo-seven-fold-symmetric protein-conducting channel spanning the vacuolar membrane. The spiral-shaped AAA+ HSP101 hexamer is tethered above this funnel, and undergoes pronounced compaction that allows three of six tyrosine-bearing pore loops lining the HSP101 channel to dissociate from the cargo, resetting the translocon for the next threading cycle. Our work reveals the mechanism of P. falciparum effector export, and will inform structure-based design of drugs targeting this unique translocon
VOFilter, Bridging Virtual Observatory and Industrial Office Applications
VOFilter is an XML based filter developed by the Chinese Virtual Observatory
project to transform tabular data files from VOTable format into OpenDocument
format. VOTable is an XML format defined for the exchange of tabular data in
the context of the Virtual Observatory (VO). It is the first Proposed
Recommendation defined by International Virtual Observatory Alliance, and has
obtained wide support from both the VO community and many Astronomy projects.
OpenOffice.org is a mature, open source, front office applications suite with
the advantage of native support of industrial standard OpenDocument XML file
format. Using the VOFilter, VOTable files can be loaded in OpenOffice.org Calc,
a spreadsheet application, and then displayed and analyzed as other spreadsheet
files. Here, the VOFilter acts as a connector, bridging the coming VO with
current industrial office applications. Virtual Observatory and technical
background of the VOFilter are introduced. Its workflow, installation and usage
are presented. Existing problems and limitations are also discussed together
with the future development plans.Comment: Accepted for publication in ChJAA (9 pages, 2 figures, 185KB
Structure optimization of ladle rotary table mounting device
As a widely used equipment in continuous casting process, the installation process of ladle rotary table is complicated and requires many installation equipment. According to the practical engineering application, this paper takes the installation device as the research object, and optimizes the original structure of the installation device. SolidWorks software was used to model the overall structure of the installation device, and the established model was imported into Hypermesh for mesh division, and finally into ANSYS for finite element analysis to compare the stress and deformation of the structure before and after optimization.The results show that the stress of the optimized structure is reduced to some extent, and the practical application requirements are met
Sensitivity of spin-torque diodes for frequency-tunable resonant microwave detection
We calculate the efficiency with which magnetic tunnel junctions can be used
as resonant detectors of incident microwave radiation via the spin-torque diode
effect. The expression we derive is in good agreement with the sensitivities we
measure for MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions with an extended (unpatterned)
magnetic pinned layer. However, the measured sensitivities are reduced below
our estimate for a second set of devices in which the pinned layer is a
patterned synthetic antiferromagnet (SAF). We suggest that this reduction may
be due to an undesirable coupling between the magnetic free layer and one of
the magnetic layers within the etched SAF. Our calculations suggest that
optimized tunnel junctions should achieve sensitivities for resonant detection
exceeding 10,000 mV/mW.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figure
Microbial diversity in a full-scale anaerobic reactor treating high concentration organic cassava wastewater
Microbial characteristics in the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) of a full-scale high concentration cassava alcohol wastewater plant capable of anaerobic hydrocarbon removal were analyzed using cultivation-independent molecular methods. Forty-five bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 24 archaeal OTUs were identified by building 16S rRNA gene of bacterial and archaeal clone libraries. Most bacterial OTUs were identified as phyla of Firmicutes (53.3%), Chloroflexi (20.0%), Proteobacteria (11.1%), Bacteroidetes (6.7%) and a candidate division (2.2%). Methanosaeta (57.5%) were the most abundant archaeal group, followed by Methanobacterium (10.6%), Methanomethylovorans (8.5%) and Methanosarcina (6.4%). Most bacterial species take charge of cellulolysis, proteolysis, acidogenesis and homo-acetogenesis; the most methanogens were typical hydrogenotrophic or hydrogenotrophic/aceticlastic. This study revealed a succession of both bacterial and archaeal populations during the trial, which could be linked to operational adaptation of high concentration organic cassava wastewater.Keywords: Full-scale, anaerobic reactor, 16S rRNA gene clone library, microbial diversity, functional analysis
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