42 research outputs found

    Cancer risks associated with germline PALB2 pathogenic variants: An international study of 524 families

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    PURPOSE To estimate age-specific relative and absolute cancer risks of breast cancer and to estimate risks of ovarian, pancreatic, male breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers associated with germline PALB2 pathogenic variants (PVs) because these risks have not been extensively characterized. METHODS We analyzed data from 524 families with PALB2 PVs from 21 countries. Complex segregation analysis was used to estimate relative risks (RRs; relative to country-specific population incidences) and absolute risks of cancers. The models allowed for residual familial aggregation of breast and ovarian cancer and were adjusted for the family-specific ascertainment schemes. RESULTS We found associations between PALB2 PVs and risk of female breast cancer (RR, 7.18; 95% CI, 5.82 to 8.85; P = 6.5 × 10-76), ovarian cancer (RR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.40 to 6.04; P = 4.1 × 10-3), pancreatic cancer (RR, 2.37; 95% CI, 1.24 to 4.50; P = 8.7 × 10-3), and male breast cancer (RR, 7.34; 95% CI, 1.28 to 42.18; P = 2.6 3 1022). There was no evidence for increased risks of prostate or colorectal cancer. The breast cancer RRs declined with age (P for trend = 2.0 × 10-3). After adjusting for family ascertainment, breast cancer risk estimates on the basis of multiple case families were similar to the estimates from families ascertained through population-based studies (P for difference = .41). On the basis of the combined data, the estimated risks to age 80 years were 53% (95% CI, 44% to 63%) for female breast cancer, 5% (95% CI, 2% to 10%) for ovarian cancer, 2%-3% (95% CI females, 1% to 4%; 95% CI males, 2% to 5%) for pancreatic cancer, and 1% (95% CI, 0.2% to 5%) for male breast cancer. CONCLUSION These results confirm PALB2 as a major breast cancer susceptibility gene and establish substantial associations between germline PALB2 PVs and ovarian, pancreatic, and male breast cancers. These findings will facilitate incorporation of PALB2 into risk prediction models and optimize the clinical cancer risk management of PALB2 PV carriers

    Big data and smart health strategies: findings from the health information systems perspective.

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    To summarize excellent current research in the field of Health Information Systems.Creation of a synopsis of the articles selected for the 2014 edition of the IMIA Yearbook.Four papers from international peer reviewed journals were selected and are summarized.Selected articles illustrate current research regarding the impact and the evaluation of health information technology and the latest developments in health information exchange

    Supporting Contextualisation of ABAC Attributes Through a Generic XACML Request Handling Mechanism

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    Gouvernance pour la réutilisation des données patients pour la recherche dans un entrepÎt de données biomédicales

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    National audienceIntroduction Des structures dĂ©diĂ©es Ă  l’exploitation des donnĂ©es patients pour la recherche dans un entrepĂŽt de donnĂ©es biomĂ©dicales se mettent en place dans les CHU de la rĂ©gion Grand Ouest. Nous prĂ©sentons le cadre organisationnel retenu. MĂ©thodes La gouvernance se dĂ©cline selon plusieurs axes : aspects rĂ©glementaires, responsabilitĂ©s, dĂ©ontologie, confidentialitĂ© et respect de la vie privĂ©e, circuit des demandes, traçabilitĂ©, valorisation. Afin de dĂ©finir les mesures Ă  mettre en Ɠuvre, des principes ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©dictĂ©s pour chaque axe comme l’information et le droit d’opposition du patient, des structures de rĂ©gulation, la structure tiers de confiance, la responsabilisation des utilisateurs, la transparence, la dĂ©identification, la parcimonie, la traçabilitĂ©, la valorisation. RĂ©sultats Les mesures prĂ©conisĂ©es concernent : – la mise en place d’une structure dĂ©cisionnelle locale qui valide les demandes de traitement, d’une structure opĂ©rationnelle dĂ©positaire de donnĂ©es sensibles qu’elle exploite en toute transparence et d’une structure inter-rĂ©gionale qui fixe les rĂšgles de bon usage et se prononce sur les projets fĂ©dĂ©ratifs ; – la dĂ©termination du circuit de l’information du patient et l’enregistrement de son opposition ; – la rĂ©daction de la charte d’utilisation ; – la dĂ©identification des donnĂ©es textuelles ; – la traçabilitĂ© des demandes, des accĂšs aux sous-entrepĂŽts et aux documents patients, des exports de donnĂ©es, de la source des informations reportĂ©es ; – la rĂ©alisation de tableaux de bord sur les Ă©tudes en cours et la publication des rĂ©sultats globaux des Ă©tudes rĂ©alisĂ©es. Discussion/Conclusion Cette gouvernance assure la rĂ©utilisation des donnĂ©es patients dans le respect de la rĂ©glementation, de la dĂ©ontologie et de la confidentialitĂ©. Les structures mises en place contribuent Ă  instaurer la confiance. La dĂ©identification rĂ©pond Ă  la directive du nouveau rĂšglement europĂ©en sur la protection des donnĂ©es concernant la pseudonymisation. Il faudra s’assurer de la conformitĂ© au nouveau texte Ă  propos du consentement de la personne et de la rĂ©utilisation de ses donnĂ©e

    Retrieving the vital status of patients with cancer using online obituaries

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    International audienceThe aim of this study was to develop a methodology to link mortality data from Internet sources with administrative data from electronic health records and to assess the performance of different record linkage methods. We extracted the electronic health records of all adult patients hospitalized at Rennes comprehensive cancer center between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2015 and separated them in two groups (training and test set). We also extracted all available online obituaries from the most exhaustive French funeral home website using web scraping techniques. We used and evaluated three different algorithms (deterministic, approximate deterministic and probabilistic) to link the patients' records with online obituaries. We optimized the algorithms using the training set and then evaluated them in the test set. The overall precision was between 98 and 100%. The three classification algorithms performed better for men than women. The probabilistic classification decreased the number of manual reviews, but slightly increased the number of false negatives. To address the problem of long delays in the publication or sharing of mortality data, online obituary data could be considered for real-time surveillance of mortality in patients with cancer because they are easily available and time-efficient. © 2018 European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) and IOS Press

    STUDIO : Surveillance épidémiologique des prothÚses orthopédiques dans les CHU de l'Ouest - cohorte à partir des entrepÎts de données cliniques eHOPŸ

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    National audienceLa surveillance organisée spécifique des dispositifs médicaux implantables (DMI) est primordiale face aux enjeux de santé publique (complications, perte qualité vie et surcoûts pour la société), mais reste complexe. Les arthroplasties hanche, genou épaule (PTO) sont en hausse continue au vieillissement populations l'augmentation demandes, avec conditions pose (ùge, comorbidités) plus à risque complications. Notre étude évaluait faisabilité d'une e-cohorte patients PTO, partir données cliniques du réseau d'entrepÎts eHOPŸ (CDC). incluait les premiÚre PTO opérés entre 2010 2019 deux sources disponibles dans un EDS (CDC Rennes Tours): PMSI (22 actes CCAM) pharmacie (1523 codes LPP Assurance maladie). Le programme d'extraction automatique DMI a été développé par le CHU pilote: (i) identification séjours ou CCAM, (ii) sélection LPP+CCA
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