Growth of nanocolumnar thin films on patterned substrates at oblique angles

The influence of one dimensional substrate patterns on the nanocolumnar growth of thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering at oblique angles is theoretically and experimentally studied. A well‐established growth model has been used to study the interplay between the substrate topography and the thin film morphology. A critical thickness has been defined, below which the columnar growth is modulated by the substrate topography, while for thicknesses above, the impact of substrate features is progressively lost in two stages; first columns grown on taller features take over neighboring ones, and later the film morphology evolves independently of substrate features. These results have been experimentally tested by analyzing the nanocolumnar growth of SiO2 thin films on ion‐induced patterned substrates.University of Seville: V PPIUSUniversity of Seville: VI PPIT-USEuropean Development Funds program (EU-FEDER) / Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) : MAT2013-40852-REuropean Development Funds program (EU-FEDER) / Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) : MAT2016- 79866-REuropean Development Funds program (EU-FEDER) / Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) : MAT2015-69035-REuropean Development Funds program (EU-FEDER) / Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) : MAT2015-69035-REDCEuropean Development Funds program (EU-FEDER) / Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) : MAT2017-85089-C2-1- RComunidad Autónoma de Madrid S2013/MIT-3029Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid IND2017/IND766

HCV eradication with DAAs differently affects HIV males and females: A whole miRNA sequencing characterization

Gender-specific consequences after HCV eradication are unexplored. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the immune response against viral infections. However, few have highlighted miRNA role in sex-biased disease or therapy response. We aim to assess gender differences reflected in the miRNA expression of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients who achieve sustained virological response (SVR) with direct acting antivirals (DAAs). We conducted a prospective study of miRNA expression in PBMCs from 28 chronic HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (HIV/HCV) at baseline and after achieving SVR with DAAs. Sixteen HIV-monoinfected patients (HIV) and 36 healthy controls (HC) were used as controls. Identification of significant differentially expressed (SDE) miRNAs was performed with generalized linear model and mixed GLMs. We also explored putative dysregulated biological pathways. At baseline, the HIV/HCV patients showed differences in the miRNA profile concerning the HIV group (165 and 102 SDE miRNAs for males and females, respectively). Gender-stratified analysis of HIV/HCV group at baseline versus at SVR achievement showed higher differences in males (80 SDE miRNAs) than in females (55 SDE miRNAs). After SVR, HIV/HCV group showed similar values to HIV individuals, especially in females (1 SDE miRNA). However, ten miRNAs in males remained dysregulated, which were mainly involved in cancer, fatty acid, and inflammatory pathways. Taken together, our results show gender-biased dysregulation in the miRNA expression profile of PBMCs after HCV eradication with DAAs. These differences were normalized in females, while miRNA profile and their target-related pathways in males lack of normalization, which may be related to a high-risk of developing liver-related complications.This work has been supported by grants from Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain [PI15CIII/00031 and PI18CIII/00020/ to AFR and VB] and the Foundation Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio-Santander, Spain [Grant no. 1.010.932 to AFR]. AFR is supported by the Miguel Servet programme from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (ISCIII), Spain [CP14/CIII/00010 and CPII20CIII/0001]. This study has been conducted within the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS), The SPANISH AIDS Research Network – funded by the Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII) [RD16CIII/0002/0002].S

Predicciones de las tasas de crecimiento relativas de los productos interiores brutos reales de un conjunto de países de la Comunidad Europea. Aplicación de los modelos lineales bayesianos.

Los datos, tomados de la “University of Groningen and the conference Board, GGDC Total Economy Database, 2000, http://www.eco.rug.nl/ggdc”, comprenden 13 países de la Comunidad Europea y el período de 1950 a 2002. Los datos son los productos interiores brutos en volumen, tanto espacial como temporal, con 1999 como el año base, y per-cápita; estos datos provienen del trabajo de la OCDE sobre “Purchansing Power Parities and Real Expenditures 1999 Benchmark year”. Hemos incluido también el PIB real y per-cápita conjunto para los 13 países estudiados, que hemos podido calcular a partir de agregar todos los PIBs y dividir por la población total, siempre para cada año. A partir de los datos de PIB, en volumen y per-cápita, hemos calculado las tasas de variación interanuales para el período 1951 a 2002. Estas tasa de crecimiento relativas las hemos expresado en porcentajes. Para los PIB per-cápita del conjunto de países considerados, también hemos calculado sus tasas de crecimiento relativas. Con las tasas de crecimiento hemos ensayado varios modelos que van desde el más simple a otros más complicados. La evaluación de cada uno de los modelos considerados ha consistido en dividir el intervalo de los años en dos partes, una se ha utilizado para ajustar el modelo y la otra para comprobar la bondad de las predicciones. Tales predicciones son de un “salto”, es decir, con un horizonte de un año. Los modelos simples se han tomado como origen para comparar las bondades de los modelos más complicados. En la construcción de los modelos hemos ensayado la idea de que, por ejemplo, si queremos hacer predicciones sobre las tasas de crecimiento de Austria, es útil, además de usar las predicciones calculadas de las tasas de crecimiento de Austria, también usar la media de las predicciones del conjunto de países considerados. La justificación de combinar la predicción de un país con la media de las predicciones de todos los países se ha sustentado en la estimación bayesiana usando una función de pérdida específica

Innovación docente y creación de recursos educativos en abierto para Psicometría.

El objetivo del proyecto es el desarrollo de un banco de recursos educativos en abierto para dar soporte a metodologías docentes innovadoras en la asignatura de Psicometría y fomentar el papel activo del alumnado en su proceso de aprendizaje.Depto. de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del ComportamientoFac. de PsicologíaFALSEsubmitte

HCV eradication with DAAs differently affects HIV males and females: A whole miRNA sequencing characterization

Gender-specific consequences after HCV eradication are unexplored. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in the immune response against viral infections. However, few have highlighted miRNA role in sex-biased disease or therapy response. We aim to assess gender differences reflected in the miRNA expression of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients who achieve sustained virological response (SVR) with direct acting antivirals (DAAs). We conducted a prospective study of miRNA expression in PBMCs from 28 chronic HIV/HCV-coinfected patients (HIV/HCV) at baseline and after achieving SVR with DAAs. Sixteen HIV-monoinfected patients (HIV) and 36 healthy controls (HC) were used as controls. Identification of significant differentially expressed (SDE) miRNAs was performed with generalized linear model and mixed GLMs. We also explored putative dysregulated biological pathways. At baseline, the HIV/HCV patients showed differences in the miRNA profile concerning the HIV group (165 and 102 SDE miRNAs for males and females, respectively). Gender-stratified analysis of HIV/HCV group at baseline versus at SVR achievement showed higher differences in males (80 SDE miRNAs) than in females (55 SDE miRNAs). After SVR, HIV/HCV group showed similar values to HIV individuals, especially in females (1 SDE miRNA). However, ten miRNAs in males remained dysregulated, which were mainly involved in cancer, fatty acid, and inflammatory pathways. Taken together, our results show gender-biased dysregulation in the miRNA expression profile of PBMCs after HCV eradication with DAAs. These differences were normalized in females, while miRNA profile and their target-related pathways in males lack of normalization, which may be related to a high-risk of developing liver-related complications

HCV-coinfection is related to an increased HIV-1 reservoir size in cART-treated HIV patients: a cross-sectional study

In HIV-1/HCV-coinfected patients, chronic HCV infection leads to an increased T-lymphocyte immune activation compared to HIV-monoinfected patients, thereby likely contributing to increase HIV-1 reservoir that is the major barrier for its eradication. Our objective was to evaluate the influence of HCV coinfection in HIV-1 viral reservoir size in resting (r) CD4+ T-cells (CD25-CD69-HLADR-). Multicenter cross-sectional study of 97 cART-treated HIV-1 patients, including 36 patients with HIV and HCV-chronic co-infection without anti-HCV treatment, 32 HIV patients with HCV spontaneous clearance and 29 HIV-monoinfected patients. rCD4+ T-cells were isolated and total DNA was extracted. HIV viral reservoir was measured by Alu-LTR qPCR. Differences between groups were calculated with a generalized linear model. Overall, 63.9% were men, median age of 41 years and Caucasian. Median CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes were 725 and 858 cells/mm 3 , respectively. CD4+ T nadir cells was 305 cells/mm 3 . Proviral HIV-1 DNA size was significantly increased in chronic HIV/HCV-coinfected compared to HIV-monoinfected patients (206.21 ± 47.38 vs. 87.34 ± 22.46, respectively; P = 0.009), as well as in spontaneously clarified HCV co-infected patients when compared to HIV-monoinfected individuals (136.20 ± 33.20; P = 0.009). HIV-1/HCV co-infected patients showed a larger HIV-1 reservoir size in comparison to HIV-monoinfected individuals. This increase could lead to a greater complexity in the elimination of HIV-1 reservoir in HIV-1/HCV-coinfected individuals, which should be considered in the current strategies for the elimination of HIV-1 reservoir.Financial support was provided by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III to VB (PI15CIII/00031), by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness to MC (SAF2016–78480-R) and The SPANISH AIDS Research Network RD16CIII/0002/0001, RD16CIII/0002/0002 and RD16/0025/0013 - ISCIII – FEDER. MRLP is supported by ISCIII - Subdirección General de Evaluacion and European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER) (PIE 13/00040 and RD12/0017/0017 RETIC de SIDA). C.P. is supported by the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) (grant number SFRH/ BPD/77448/2011 is part of the EDCTP2 programme supported by the European Union). V.B., A.F.R. and N.R. are supported by the Miguel Servet programme from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (ISCIII) (grant number CP13/00098, CP14/CIII/00010 and CP14/00198, respectively)

Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata metastásico hormonosensible en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud)

Introduction: This article summarizes the clinical practice guideline (CPG) for the treatment of metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer in the Social Security of Peru (EsSalud). Objective: To provide evidence-based clinical recommendations for the treatment of adults with hormone-sensitive metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate with de novo or recurrent presentation and high or low metastatic volume in EsSalud. Methods: A guideline development group (GDG) was formed, which included specialist physicians and methodologists, who formulated clinical questions. Systematic searches were conducted for systematic reviews and - when deemed relevant - primary studies in PubMed during 2022. Evidence was selected to answer each of the clinical questions posed. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In periodic working meetings, the GEG used the GRADE methodology to review the evidence and formulate recommendations. The CPG was reviewed by external experts before its approval. Results: The CPG addressed 6 clinical questions, divided into 2 main topics: considerations on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and ADT combined with other therapies. Based on these questions, 10 recommendations were formulated (4 strong and 6 conditional), and 6 points of good clinical practice. Conclusion: Evidence-based recommendations were issued for the management of patients with this pathology.Introducción: Este artículo resume la guía de práctica clínica (GPC) para el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata metastásico hormonosensible en el Seguro Social del Perú (EsSalud). Objetivo: Proveer recomendaciones clínicas basadas en evidencia para el tratamiento de adultos con adenocarcinoma de próstata metastásico hormonosensible con presentación de novo o recurrente y de alto o bajo volumen metastásico en EsSalud. Métodos: Se conformó un grupo elaborador de la guía (GEG) que incluyó médicos especialistas y metodólogos, el cual formuló preguntas clínicas. Se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas de revisiones sistemáticas y –cuando fue considerado pertinente– estudios primarios en PubMed durante el 2022. Se seleccionó la evidencia para responder cada una de las preguntas clínicas planteadas. Se evaluó la certeza de evidencia usando la metodología Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). En reuniones de trabajo periódicas, el GEG usó la metodología GRADE para revisar la evidencia y formular las recomendaciones. La GPC fue revisada por expertos externos antes de su aprobación. Resultados: La GPC abordó 6 preguntas clínicas, divididas en 2 temas principales: consideraciones sobre la terapia de deprivación androgénica (TDA) y TDA combinada con otras terapias. En base a dichas preguntas se formularon 10 recomendaciones (4 fuertes y 6 condicionales) y 6 puntos de buena práctica clínica. Conclusión: Se emitieron recomendaciones basadas en evidencia para el manejo de pacientes con esta patología

Material particulado en España: niveles, composición y contribución de fuentes

El estudio llevado a cabo en un elevado número de emplazamientos de medida de material particulado (PM) en España ha permitido determinar las importantes variaciones que se producen en los niveles medios de concentración de PM10 y PM2,5 y en su composición química, entre sus distintas regiones geográficas. En diferentes entornos industriales y de tráfico considerados “hotspots”, los niveles medios de PM10 registrados llegan a superar normalmente los valores límite de concentración recomendados. La variabilidad existente entre los distintos emplazamientos de medida en lo que se refiere a niveles de concentración de PM y a la superación de los valores límite de concentración está relacionada con la existencia de distintos patrones, tanto de emisión de las fuentes de material particulado naturales y antropogénicas, como patrones climáticos y de reactividad/ estabilidad de algunas especies presentes en la composición del PM.Este estudio ha sido financiado mediante convenios de colaboración de la Dirección General de Calidad y Evaluación Ambiental del Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y del Plan Nacional de I+D del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (CGL2004-05984_C07-02/CLI, REN2001-0659-C03-03), y contratos de investigación respaldados por Comunidades Autónomas de Andalucía, Cataluña, Madrid, y Valencia

COVID-19 outbreaks in a transmission control scenario: challenges posed by social and leisure activities, and for workers in vulnerable conditions, Spain, early summer 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 community-wide transmission declined in Spain by early May 2020, being replaced by outbreaks and sporadic cases. From mid-June to 2 August, excluding single household outbreaks, 673 outbreaks were notified nationally, 551 active (>6,200 cases) at the time. More than half of these outbreaks and cases coincided with: (i) social (family/friends’ gatherings or leisure venues) and (ii) occupational (mainly involving workers in vulnerable conditions) settings. Control measures were accordingly applied