The first NINDS/NIBIB consensus meeting to define neuropathological criteria for the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegeneration characterized by the abnormal accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein within the brain. Like many other neurodegenerative conditions, at present, CTE can only be definitively diagnosed by post-mortem examination of brain tissue. As the first part of a series of consensus panels funded by the NINDS/NIBIB to define the neuropathological criteria for CTE, preliminary neuropathological criteria were used by 7 neuropathologists to blindly evaluate 25 cases of various tauopathies, including CTE, Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, argyrophilic grain disease, corticobasal degeneration, primary age-related tauopathy, and parkinsonism dementia complex of Guam. The results demonstrated that there was good agreement among the neuropathologists who reviewed the cases (Cohen's kappa, 0.67) and even better agreement between reviewers and the diagnosis of CTE (Cohen's kappa, 0.78). Based on these results, the panel defined the pathognomonic lesion of CTE as an accumulation of abnormal hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) in neurons and astroglia distributed around small blood vessels at the depths of cortical sulci and in an irregular pattern. The group also defined supportive but non-specific p-tau-immunoreactive features of CTE as: pretangles and NFTs affecting superficial layers (layers II-III) of cerebral cortex; pretangles, NFTs or extracellular tangles in CA2 and pretangles and proximal dendritic swellings in CA4 of the hippocampus; neuronal and astrocytic aggregates in subcortical nuclei; thorn-shaped astrocytes at the glial limitans of the subpial and periventricular regions; and large grain-like and dot-like structures. Supportive non-p-tau pathologies include TDP-43 immunoreactive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions and dot-like structures in the hippocampus, anteromedial temporal cortex and amygdala. The panel also recommended a minimum blocking and staining scheme for pathological evaluation and made recommendations for future study. This study provides the first step towards the development of validated neuropathological criteria for CTE and will pave the way towards future clinical and mechanistic studies

Radical stereotactic radiosurgery with real-time tumor motion tracking in the treatment of small peripheral lung tumors

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recent developments in radiotherapeutic technology have resulted in a new approach to treating patients with localized lung cancer. We report preliminary clinical outcomes using stereotactic radiosurgery with real-time tumor motion tracking to treat small peripheral lung tumors.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Eligible patients were treated over a 24-month period and followed for a minimum of 6 months. Fiducials (3–5) were placed in or near tumors under CT-guidance. Non-isocentric treatment plans with 5-mm margins were generated. Patients received 45–60 Gy in 3 equal fractions delivered in less than 2 weeks. CT imaging and routine pulmonary function tests were completed at 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 months.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Twenty-four consecutive patients were treated, 15 with stage I lung cancer and 9 with single lung metastases. Pneumothorax was a complication of fiducial placement in 7 patients, requiring tube thoracostomy in 4. All patients completed radiation treatment with minimal discomfort, few acute side effects and no procedure-related mortalities. Following treatment transient chest wall discomfort, typically lasting several weeks, developed in 7 of 11 patients with lesions within 5 mm of the pleura. Grade III pneumonitis was seen in 2 patients, one with prior conventional thoracic irradiation and the other treated with concurrent Gefitinib. A small statistically significant decline in the mean % predicted DLCO was observed at 6 and 12 months. All tumors responded to treatment at 3 months and local failure was seen in only 2 single metastases. There have been no regional lymph node recurrences. At a median follow-up of 12 months, the crude survival rate is 83%, with 3 deaths due to co-morbidities and 1 secondary to metastatic disease.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Radical stereotactic radiosurgery with real-time tumor motion tracking is a promising well-tolerated treatment option for small peripheral lung tumors.</p

Structures Related to the Emplacement of Shallow-Level Intrusions

A systematic view of the vast nomenclature used to describe the structures of shallow-level intrusions is presented here. Structures are organised in four main groups, according to logical breaks in the timing of magma emplacement, independent of the scales of features: (1) Intrusion-related structures, formed as the magma is making space and then develops into its intrusion shape; (2) Magmatic flow-related structures, developed as magma moves with suspended crystals that are free to rotate; (3) Solid-state, flow-related structures that formed in portions of the intrusions affected by continuing flow of nearby magma, therefore considered to have a syn-magmatic, non-tectonic origin; (4) Thermal and fragmental structures, related to creation of space and impact on host materials. This scheme appears as a rational organisation, helpful in describing and interpreting the large variety of structures observed in shallow-level intrusions

Measurements of branching fractions and dalitz distributions for B-0 ->(DK0)-K-(*)+/-pi(-/+) decays

We present measurments of the branching fractions for the three-body decays B-0 -> D((*) -/+)K(0)pi(+/-) and their resonant submodes B0 -> D(*)K-/+*(+/-) usinga sample of approximately 88 x 10(6) B (B) over bar pairs collected by the BABER detector at the SLAC PEP-II assymetric energy storage ring. We measure: B(B-0-> D(-/+)K(0)pi(+/-)) = (4.9 +/- 0.7(stat) +/- 0.5(syst)) x 10(-4), B(B-0 -> D*(-/+)K(0)pi(+/-)) = (3.0 +/- 0.7(stat) +/- 0.3(syst)) x 10(-4), B(B-0 -> D-/+K*(+/-)) = (4.6 +/- 0.6(stat) +/- 0.5(syst)) x 10(-4), B(B-0 -> D*K-/+*(+/-) = (3.2 +/- 0.6(stat) +/- 0.3(syst)) x 10(-4). From these measurements we determine the fractions of resonant events to be f(B0 -> D+/-K*(-/+)) = 0.63 +/- 0.08(stat) +/- 0.04(syst) and f(B-0 -> D*K-/+*(+/-)) = 0.72 +/- 0.14(stat) +/- 0.05(syst)

Dissertation sur l'ordonnance du 24 juillet. (Signé : le comte d'Alissac.)

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Poésies diverses adressées à Sa Majesté l'Empereur des Français et à Sa Majesté l'Impératrice, par le Cte L. d'Agneau,...

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L'armorial général de France : notice historique sur l'origine des armoiries bourgeoises et sur l'édit fiscal de 1696 / par le Cte Hallez d'Arros,...

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