The feedback dynamics of brain-computer interfaces in a distributed processing environment

This paper describes a distributed paradigm for human brain-computer interfaces that can incorporate machine learning-directly stimulus feedback to the subject. Specifically, we use OpenBCI hardware and software to capture real-time EEG (Electroencephalography) waveforms from a subject on a host ''client" computer and stream them to another ''server" computer which could perform complex analyses on the waveforms prior to sending commands back to the OpenBCI interface directing alterations to the stimulus. In addition to describing the conceptual system framework, we present here the test results quantifying the closed-loop system latencies under various conditions. Quantifying latency in any feedback control loop (in this case, one that actually contains the human subject's brain) is vital since excess latency can destabilize a system

The relationship between irony and sarcasm: insights from a first-order metalanguage investigation

The relationship between irony and sarcasm has been much discussed and yet there is still little agreement on how the two relate at a theoretical level, as Attardo (2000: 795) notes “there is no consensus on whether irony and sarcasm are essentially the same thing […] or if they differ significantly”. The aim of this paper is to take a user-perspective and report on how participants in everyday conversations in the UK and Italy talk about irony and sarcasm and what kinds of authentic behaviors are described using these labels. These findings are discussed with reference to the academic concepts of irony and sarcasm to investigate how the lay and academic perspectives relate

Recognition of Face Identity and Emotion in Expressive Specific Language Impairment

Objective: To study face and emotion recognition in children with mostly expressive specific language impairment (SLI-E). Subjects and Methods: A test movie to study perception and recognition of faces and mimic-gestural expression was applied to 24 children diagnosed as suffering from SLI-E and an age-matched control group of normally developing children. Results: Compared to a normal control group, the SLI-E children scored significantly worse in both the face and expression recognition tasks with a preponderant effect on emotion recognition. The performance of the SLI-E group could not be explained by reduced attention during the test session. Conclusion: We conclude that SLI-E is associated with a deficiency in decoding non-verbal emotional facial and gestural information, which might lead to profound and persistent problems in social interaction and development. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Base

Software Defined Radio for Carrier and Symbol Timing Extraction

Using LabVIEW, a software-defined radio receiver was developed to extract the phase of the carrier and the symbol timing interval for possible satellite diagnostics. The receiver consists of two main parts: a phase-locked loop and a symbol timing algorithm. Using a Weaver demodulator and a complex-to-complex mixer, the phase of the carrier is extracted from the input signal. A windows-based timing algorithm, compatible with non-return-to-zero and biphase coding, extracts the symbol arrival time interval. Lastly, a two-stage logging algorithm temporarily stores output data in a DRAM buffer before streaming the data to the hard drive for final storage.International Foundation for TelemeteringProceedings from the International Telemetering Conference are made available by the International Foundation for Telemetering and the University of Arizona Libraries. Visit https://telemetry.org/contact-us/ if you have questions about items in this collection

LabVIEW for Software Defined Radio Development

In this project, LabVIEW and LabVIEW FPGA are studied as a possible development environment for software-defined radios. LabVIEW is National Instruments’ proprietary graphical programming language, which uses the dataflow programming paradigm, while LabVIEW FPGA is an addon that enables FPGA programming through LabVIEW. Using National Instruments PXIe-5646R Vector Signal Transceiver and PXIe-7976R FlexRIO FPGA module, the intricacies of developing a software-defined radio are explored. In addition, Xilinx intellectual property blocks available in LabVIEW FPGA are explored and used to develop a software-defined radio receiver.International Foundation for TelemeteringProceedings from the International Telemetering Conference are made available by the International Foundation for Telemetering and the University of Arizona Libraries. Visit https://telemetry.org/contact-us/ if you have questions about items in this collection

THE EFFECTS OF LOSSY EEG COMPRESSION ON ERP ANALYSIS

This paper analyzes lossy data compression in the specific context of event-related potential (ERP) analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data. The lossy data compression techniques analyzed here are bit-rate quantization and frequency truncation using the discrete cosine transform (DCT). Within the context of both methods it is demonstrated that ERP analysis waveforms yield significant data compression advantages over raw EEG data. It is found from the experimental results that for any given quantization error bound, utilization of ERP analysis requires approximately 3 fewer bits per EEG sample than normalized EEG data. Additionally, given any error bound for frequency truncation, at least 30% more total DCT coefficients can be discarded when utilizing ERP analysis instead of raw EEG data. The results hold significant implications for large-scale medical applications that rely on ERP analysis of EEG data.International Foundation for TelemeteringProceedings from the International Telemetering Conference are made available by the International Foundation for Telemetering and the University of Arizona Libraries. Visit http://www.telemetry.org/index.php/contact-us if you have questions about items in this collection