Les aires marines protégées : un laboratoire pour la recherche scientifique

To increase the effectiveness of the management of attractive and ecologically important marine ecosystems, Marine Protected Areas (MPA) are designated to protect species and the critical habitats on which they depend. Managers of MPAs ask scientists to evaluate the effectiveness of MPAs in terms of critical conservation performance effects such as the: Attractive Effect, Cascading Effect and Regulative Effect. Within MPAs, however, the impact of humans is theoretically less pronounced than outside and this provides a valuable opportunity for scientists to develop fundamental research programs within MPAs. With two examples taken from the Banyuls-Cerbère Mediterranean MPA we will demonstrate the dual utility of MPAs in terms of fundamental research and resource managementLes Aires Marines Protégées (AMP) sont établies avant tout pour protéger les espèces ou les espaces en danger et pour mieux gérer l'utilisation de cet espace littoral fortement convoité. Les gestionnaires des AMP sollicitent les scientifiques afin d'obtenir des résultats concrets sur ce que nous appelons l'Effet Réserve qui comprend pour l'instant un Effet Refuge, un Effet Cascade et un Effet Tampon. Mais ces AMP représentent aussi des milieux peu anthropisés très intéressants à utiliser pour le scientifique. C'est ce double intérêt, pour la gestion et pour la recherche, que nous tentons de démontrer avec deux exemples précis localisés dans la Réserve Marine de Cerbère-Banyuls

Les aires marines protégées : un laboratoire pour la recherche scientifique

To increase the effectiveness of the management of attractive and ecologically important marine ecosystems, Marine Protected Areas (MPA) are designated to protect species and the critical habitats on which they depend. Managers of MPAs ask scientists to evaluate the effectiveness of MPAs in terms of critical conservation performance effects such as the : Attractive Effect, Cascading Effect and Regulative Effect. Within MPAs, however, the impact of humans is theoretically less pronounced than outside and this provides a valuable opportunity for scientists to develop fundamental research programs within MPAs. With two examples taken from the Banyuls-Cerbère Mediterranean MPA we will demonstrate the dual utility of MPAs in terms of fundamental research and resource management.Les Aires Marines Protégées (AMP) sont établies avant tout pour protéger les espèces ou les espaces en danger et pour mieux gérer l’utilisation de cet espace littoral fortement convoité. Les gestionnaires des AMP sollicitent les scientifiques afin d’obtenir des résultats concrets sur ce que nous appelons l’Effet Réserve qui comprend pour l’instant un Effet Refuge, un Effet Cascade et un Effet Tampon. Mais ces AMP représentent aussi des milieux peu anthropisés très intéressants à utiliser pour le scientifique. C’est ce double intérêt, pour la gestion et pour la recherche, que nous tentons de démontrer avec deux exemples précis localisés dans la Réserve Marine de Cerbère-Banyuls.Galzin R., Crec'hriou Romain, Lenfant Philippe, Planes Serge. Les aires marines protégées : un laboratoire pour la recherche scientifique . In: Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie), tome 59, n°1-2, 2004. pp. 37-48

Spatio-temporal patterns of larval fish settlement in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea

International audienceMost coastal fish species spend their early life stages in the pelagic environment, before settling in coastal habitats. The variability in the arrival of larvae to coastal habitats provide information on the species' biology and recruitment potential. To explore the dynamics of larval fish supply to coastal habitats in the NW Mediterranean Sea, 13 sites were monitored using light-traps, from July 2012 to December 2015. Most variation in Catches Per Unit Effort (CPUE) among topographic basins and species were statistically significant for high (quantile 75%) and very high (quantile 90%) catches only. At year scale, CPUE displayed strong seasonality, and three main species assemblages were detected in late spring-early summer, summer and late autumn-early winter. At month scale, CPUE were higher around the new moon for all quantiles and temporally autocorrelated at a lag of about 28 days. Larval supply also varied spatially with site-specific associations, and with riverine influence. All together, these results confirm that the previously described patterns of larval supply observed in tropical and subtropical environments (e.g., the high variability at all spatial and temporal scales and the strong influence of the moon) also apply to Mediterranean fish assemblages. The larval supply in the NW Mediterranean Sea comes out as a solid candidate for monitoring the state of the marine ecosystems, highlighting the need to continue such time series

Mean detections and standard errors per hourly bin of AR-residents and NR-residents of preferred habitat and NPH fish (No-Preferred Habitat) on AR and NR pooled together.

<p>Dots represent raw detections and triangles detections corrected by control-tags. Detections are standardized by sampling surface and thus expressed per km². Vertical grey lines symbolize mean sunset and sunrise over the entire study period, to get an approximate delimitation of day- and night-time.</p

Results of generalized linear mixed models testing the effect of diel phase (day vs. night) and fish size on mean white seabream detections pooled by reef type: NR (natural reef) and AR (artificial reef).

<p>‘ns’ p>0.05, ‘*’ p<0.5, ‘**’ p<0.01, ‘***’ p<0.001.</p

Mean detections and standard errors per hourly bin of control tags on the ARs (circles) and on the NRs (triangles).

<p>Detections are standardized by sampling surface and thus expressed per km². Vertical grey lines symbolize mean sunset and sunrise over the entire study period.</p

Chronogram plots of fish #39 an AR-resident (a) and fish #61 a NR-resident (b) over a ten-day period.

<p>Grey areas represent night-time.</p