Bryophytes of South-central Colorado. Part 1

Prominent among the names of the many bryologists who have collected in Colorado are those of Leo Lesquereux, T. S. Brandegee, T. C. Porter, and A. J. Grout. Their findings are discussed by Dr. Geneva Sayre in an unpublished dissertation on the mosses of Colorado, a work completed in 1938 (2). She points out that, with the exception of Brandegee\u27s collections in southwest Colorado, collections of southern Colorado mosses are either meagre or lacking. The largest reported collection of recent date from southern Colorado is that of Dr. Belle K. Stewart who collected fourteen species in the Creede Valley incident to an ecological study of its vascular flora. It is known that H. S. Conard, Frederick McAllister and others have collected specimens in southern Colorado but the present writers have been unable so far to find published reports of their findings

Extra-Floral Nectaries in Bryophyllum calycinum

Among the interesting features of Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb. is the occurrence of foliar embryos in the notches of the leaf (Fig. 3) which under favorable conditions will give rise to new plants. In the apices of the crenations are hydathodes (Fig. 3) whose structure has been described by Berge (1877) and Yarbrough (1932, 1934). A hydathode typically occurs at a vein ending in a leaf margin, but in Bryophyllum calycinum the hydathode consists of a vascular plexus surrounding an epithem which is associated with a special group of stomata on the lower side of the leaf. The cells of the epithem superficially resemble those of the foliar embryos in that they are of approximately the same size and shape and have conspicuous nuclei and dense cytoplasm

Phytoplankton Distribution in Waters Off the Northeastern Coast of the United States

Abstract unavailable

Use of a Constant-Temperature Water Bath as a Culture Chamber

In the course of experiments done at the State University of Iowa on excised leaves of Bryophyllum calycinum a need arose for a culture chamber in which light, temperature, and humidity could be controlled simultaneously. The chamber described below met these requirements. It is capable of providing a wide range of environments which should make it useful in the culture of bacteria or other microorganisms and it might be substituted for equipment currently unobtainable. Dimensions given here may be modified as necessary

Learners reconceptualising education: Widening participation through creative engagement?

This paper argues that engaging imaginatively with ways in which statutory and further education is provided and expanding the repertoire of possible transitions into higher education, is necessary for providers both in higher education and in the contexts and phases which precede study at this level. Fostering dispositions for creativity in dynamic engagement with educational technology together with the consideration of pedagogy, learning objects, inclusion, policy and the management of change, requires innovative provision to span the spaces between school, home, work and higher education learning. Reporting on The Aspire Pilot, a NESTA-funded initiative at The Open University, the paper offers the beginning of a theoretical frame for considering learning, learners and learning systems in the information age prioritizing learner agency. It will report emergent empirical findings from this inter-disciplinary project, with a significant e-dimension, which seeks to foster the creativity of 13-19 year olds in considering future learning systems, developing provocations for others to explore creative but grounded possibilities. It explores implications arising from this project for approaches that may facilitate widening participation in higher education

An Examination Of Global Market Segmentation Bases And Strategic Positioning Decisions

This paper examines the conceptual linkages between global segmentation strategy and brand positioning from the perspective of firms operating in increasingly globalized markets.  The manuscript suggests the combined use of macro/country-level as well as micro/behavioral-level bases of segmentation in order to leverage similar strategic positioning across global markets.  The analysis presented paves the way for embarking on future research to enrich the academic understanding and managerial practice of linking global segmentation with strategic positioning decisions

Receipt from Leather Craft of Malvern to Robert Goelet

https://digitalcommons.salve.edu/goelet-personal-expenses/1268/thumbnail.jp

Question-posing & question-responding at the heart of possibility thinking in the early years.

publication-status: Publishedtypes: ArticleDrawing on research that sought to explore the characteristics of ‘Possibility Thinking’ as central to creativity in young children’s learning, this paper considers question-posing and question-responding as the driving features of ‘Possibility Thinking’ (PT). This qualitative study employed micro-event analysis of peer and pupil–teacher interaction. Events were sampled from two early years settings in England, one a Reception classroom (4- to 5-year olds) and the other a Year 2 classroom (6- to 7-year olds). This article arises out of the second stage of an ongoing research programme (2004–2007) involving the children and practitioners in these settings. This phase considers the dimensions of question-posing and the categories of question-responding and their interrelationship within PT. Three dimensions of questioning were identified as characteristic of PT. These included: (i) question framing, reflecting the purpose inherent within questions for adults and children (including leading, service and follow-through questions); (ii) question degree: manifestation of the degree of possibility inherent in children’s questions (including possibility narrow, possibility moderate, possibility broad); (iii) question modality, manifestation of the modality inherent in children’s questions (including verbal and non-verbal forms). The fine-grained data analysis offers insight into how children engage in PT to meet specific needs in responding to creative tasks and activities and reveals the crucial role that question-posing and question-responding play in creative learning. It also provides more detail about the nature of young children’s thinking, made visible through question-posing and responding in engaging playful contexts

A Hierachical Evolutionary Algorithm for Multiobjective Optimization in IMRT

Purpose: Current inverse planning methods for IMRT are limited because they are not designed to explore the trade-offs between the competing objectives between the tumor and normal tissues. Our goal was to develop an efficient multiobjective optimization algorithm that was flexible enough to handle any form of objective function and that resulted in a set of Pareto optimal plans. Methods: We developed a hierarchical evolutionary multiobjective algorithm designed to quickly generate a diverse Pareto optimal set of IMRT plans that meet all clinical constraints and reflect the trade-offs in the plans. The top level of the hierarchical algorithm is a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA). The genes of the individuals generated in the MOEA are the parameters that define the penalty function minimized during an accelerated deterministic IMRT optimization that represents the bottom level of the hierarchy. The MOEA incorporates clinical criteria to restrict the search space through protocol objectives and then uses Pareto optimality among the fitness objectives to select individuals. Results: Acceleration techniques implemented on both levels of the hierarchical algorithm resulted in short, practical runtimes for optimizations. The MOEA improvements were evaluated for example prostate cases with one target and two OARs. The modified MOEA dominated 11.3% of plans using a standard genetic algorithm package. By implementing domination advantage and protocol objectives, small diverse populations of clinically acceptable plans that were only dominated 0.2% by the Pareto front could be generated in a fraction of an hour. Conclusions: Our MOEA produces a diverse Pareto optimal set of plans that meet all dosimetric protocol criteria in a feasible amount of time. It optimizes not only beamlet intensities but also objective function parameters on a patient-specific basis

Evidence for a delay in diagnosis of Wilms' tumour in the UK compared with Germany: implications for primary care for children

The UK has a longstanding system of general practice which provides the vast majority of primary care, including that for children. It acts as a 'gatekeeper' to more specialist care. Parents may also use accident and emergency departments as their first point of medical contact for their children. Outcomes in the UK for many conditions in children appear to be worse than in comparable European countries where there is direct access to care by paediatricians. We have therefore looked at pathways to diagnosis and compared outcomes in the childhood kidney cancer, Wilms' tumour, which has been treated in the UK and Germany within the same clinical trial for over a decade. We find that Wilms' tumours are significantly larger in volume and have a more advanced tumour stage at diagnosis in the UK compared to Germany. There is a small (∼3%) difference in event free and overall survival between the two countries. Our data suggest that the system of primary care for children in the UK is less likely to result in the incidental finding of an abdominal mass in a child with no or vague symptoms. This may be a reason for the poorer outcome