Atividades experimentais em ciências, na educação pré-escolar e no ensino do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico

Dissertação de Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico.O presente documento relata vivências do nosso estágio pedagógico, no âmbito das unidades curriculares Prática Educativa Supervisionada I e II, inseridas no Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. Sendo assim, este documento aborda o estágio pedagógico, de uma forma geral, relatando como o mesmo decorreu e referenciando algumas práticas pertinentes que foram essenciais para a nossa formação enquanto futuros profissionais de educação. Consta, ainda, deste documento de Relatório de Estágio uma componente investigativa que incide sobre as atividades experimentais desenvolvidas, em contexto educativo, pelos Educadores de Infância e Professores do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, e em contexto familiar, pelos Encarregados de Educação das escolas onde decorreram os estágios pedagógicos. Os dados recolhidos nestes dois contextos serão objeto de análise e reflexão do presente Relatório, assim como algumas situações fulcrais das Práticas Educativas Supervisionadas I e II que incidiram em experiências diversificadas, onde o desenvolvimento de competências como o investigar, o descobrir, o conhecer e o compreender tiveram maior relevância. Com o estudo desenvolvido concluímos que qualquer agente educativo, seja ele educador, professor, encarregado de educação, deverá olhar para a criança ou para o aluno como um sujeito ativo e co-construtor do seu próprio conhecimento, fornecendo-lhe todas as condições para que cresça e compreenda o Mundo à sua volta. Dadas as circunstâncias da sociedade é preciso desenvolver o indivíduo em todas as suas dimensões: cognitiva, pessoal e social, para que saiba ser e fazer e tornar-se um cidadão consciente e interventivo.ABSTRACT: The current document reports the experiences of our pedagogic internship, at the courses of Supervised Educative Practice I and II, inserted in the master’s degree in Pre-School and First Cycle of Basic Education. As so, this document has the purpose to focus on our pedagogic internship, in a general point of view, describing how it took place, referring some of the practices that were essential for our education as future professionals in the same area. In this document we also present an investigative dimension that reports to the experimental activities that were developed, in a educational context, by Pre-School and First Cycle of Basic Education teachers, and within familiar context, with parents from the schools where we performed our pedagogic internship. The data collected in those two contexts will be analyzed and reflected in this report, such as some situations that were essential to our practice in Supervised Educative Practice I and II, that emphasized on different experiences, where the development of certain skills such as investigate, discover, knowing and understanding, had the main relevance. At the end of this study we conclude that any educational agent, educator or teacher, parent, should look at the child or student as an active subject, that can construct their own knowledge, just by giving them the tools they need to understand the world that surrounds them. Looking through current society it’s crucial to make all individuals capable to act in different dimensions: cognitive, personal and social, so that they can make and become a more conscious and interceptive citizen

O risco de contrair ISTs frente à carência da educação sexual

The aim was to analyze a compilation of scientific articles that address a lack of knowledge regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), which is caused by the neglect of sex education. An integrative literature review was carried out based on the data contained in the Virtual Health Library, where the following descriptors were used: “sex education, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Adolescent”. In all, after selecting the filters, 5,253 journals were found and following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 were selected. It was observed that educational actions are fundamental for the promotion of sexual and reproductive health of adolescents, since they avoid the risk of contracting STIs. The school should consider sex education as a cross-cutting theme in school curricula, as well as engage in dialogue with parents and family members, seeking to establish a social support network.Objetivou-se analisar um compilado de artigos científicos que abordam sobre uma carência de conhecimento referente a Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (ISTs), que se faz pela negligência da educação sexual.  Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura com base nos dados contidos na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, onde foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: “educação sexual, Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis, Adolescente”. Ao todo, após a seleção dos filtros, foram encontrados 5.253 periódicos e seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 9 foram selecionados. Foi observado que ações educativas são fundamentais para a promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos adolescentes, uma vez que, evitam o risco de contrair ISTs. A escola deveria contemplar a educação sexual enquanto tema transversal nos currículos escolares, bem como realizarem a interlocução com pais e familiares, buscando o estabelecimento de uma rede de apoio social

O risco de contrair ISTs frente à carência da educação sexual

The aim was to analyze a compilation of scientific articles that address a lack of knowledge regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), which is caused by the neglect of sex education. An integrative literature review was carried out based on the data contained in the Virtual Health Library, where the following descriptors were used: “sex education, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Adolescent”. In all, after selecting the filters, 5,253 journals were found and following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 were selected. It was observed that educational actions are fundamental for the promotion of sexual and reproductive health of adolescents, since they avoid the risk of contracting STIs. The school should consider sex education as a cross-cutting theme in school curricula, as well as engage in dialogue with parents and family members, seeking to establish a social support network.Objetivou-se analisar um compilado de artigos científicos que abordam sobre uma carência de conhecimento referente a Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (ISTs), que se faz pela negligência da educação sexual.  Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura com base nos dados contidos na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, onde foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: “educação sexual, Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis, Adolescente”. Ao todo, após a seleção dos filtros, foram encontrados 5.253 periódicos e seguindo os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 9 foram selecionados. Foi observado que ações educativas são fundamentais para a promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos adolescentes, uma vez que, evitam o risco de contrair ISTs. A escola deveria contemplar a educação sexual enquanto tema transversal nos currículos escolares, bem como realizarem a interlocução com pais e familiares, buscando o estabelecimento de uma rede de apoio social

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora