89 research outputs found
Tratamiento conservador del hallux valgus juvenil mediante ortesis nocturnas
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos con tratamiento conservador del hallux valgus
juvenil con el uso de ortesis nocturnas confeccionadas a medida, con material termoplástico, en 18
pacientes con edades de 8 a 15 años (media: 12 años). El tiempo medio de tratamiento fue de 18 meses
y los pacientes fueron seguidos después del tratamiento por igual período de tiempo. Debe destacarse
el alto abandono del método que alcanzó la cifra del 44%. Fueron utilizados como parámetros
de valoración de resultados las medidas radiográficas de los ángulos de valguismo del hallux
(AVH) e intermetatarsiano l-II (AIM), obtenidas antes y después de terminado el período de observación.
El valor medio inicial del AVH fue de 22° y al final fue de 20°. Las medidas de los valores
del AIM fueron 11 y 10,7°, respectivamente. Ambas medidas no se diferencian entre sí desde el punto
de vista estadístico, lo que lleva a concluir que el tratamiento utilizado no fue capaz de corregir
las deformidades básicas del hallus valgus infantil, pero evita la progresión de esas deformidades.The results of conservative treatment of adolescent hallux valgus using custom made
nocturnal splints in 18 patients ranging in age from 8 to 15 years (mean 12) are presented. The
average period of treatment and follow-up was 18 months. There was a high rate (44%) of treatment
abandon. As assessment parameters were used radiographic measures of the hallux valgus angle
and the intermetatarsal I-II angle. Measures were obtained before treatment and at the end of
follow-up. The initial mean valgus angle was 22° and the last mean value 20°. The mean valus of the
intermetatarsal angle were respectively 11° and 10,7°. There were no significant statistical differences,
indicating that the treatment of hallux valgus using nocturnal splintage do not correct the
deformity but avoid its progression
Application of the broadband collision-induced dissociation (bbCID) mass spectrometry approach for protein glycosylation and phosphorylation analysis
Rationale
Analysis of post‐translationally modified peptides by mass spectrometry (MS) remains incomplete, in part due to incomplete sampling of all peptides which is inherent to traditional data‐dependent acquisition (DDA). An alternative MS approach, data‐independent acquisition (DIA), enables comprehensive recording of all detectable precursor and product ions, independent of precursor intensity. The use of broadband collision‐induced dissociation (bbCID), a DIA method, was evaluated for the identification of protein glycosylation and phosphorylation.
Methods
bbCID was applied to identify glycopeptides and phosphopeptides generated from standard proteins using a high‐resolution Bruker maXis 3G mass spectrometer. In bbCID, precursor and product ion spectra were obtained by alternating low and high collision energy. Precursor ions were assigned manually based on the detection of diagnostic ions specific to either glycosylation or phosphorylation. The composition of the glycan modification was resolved in the positive ion mode, while the level of phosphorylation was investigated in the negative ion mode.
Results
The results demonstrate for the first time that the use of a bbCID approach is suitable for the identification of glycopeptides and phosphopeptides based on the detection of specific diagnostic and associated precursor ions. The novel use of bbCID in negative ion mode allowed the discrimination of singly and multiply phosphorylated peptides based on the detection of phosphate diagnostic ions. The results also demonstrate the ability of this approach to allow the identification of glycan composition in N‐ and O‐linked glycopeptides, in positive ion mode.
Conclusions
We contend that bbCID is a valuable addition to the existing toolkit for PTM discovery. Moreover, this technique could be employed to direct targeted proteomics methods, particularly where there is no a priori information on glycosylation or phosphorylation status. This technique is immediately relevant to the characterisation of individual proteins or biological samples of low complexity, as demonstrated for the analysis of the glycosylation status of a therapeutic protein
Deciphering the unique cellulose degradation mechanism of the ruminal bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes S85
Fibrobacter succinogenes S85, isolated from the rumen of herbivores, is capable of robust lignocellulose degradation. However, the mechanism by which it achieves this is not fully elucidated. In this study, we have undertaken the most comprehensive quantitative proteomic analysis, to date, of the changes in the cell envelope protein profile of F. succinogenes S85 in response to growth on cellulose. Our results indicate that the cell envelope proteome undergoes extensive rearrangements to accommodate the cellulolytic degradation machinery, as well as associated proteins involved in adhesion to cellulose and transport and metabolism of cellulolytic products. Molecular features of the lignocellulolytic enzymes suggest that the Type IX secretion system is involved in the translocation of these enzymes to the cell envelope. Finally, we demonstrate, for the first time, that cyclic-di-GMP may play a role in mediating catabolite repression, thereby facilitating the expression of proteins involved in the adhesion to lignocellulose and subsequent lignocellulose degradation and utilisation. Understanding the fundamental aspects of lignocellulose degradation in F. succinogenes will aid the development of advanced lignocellulosic biofuels
Quantitative proteomic comparison of salt stress in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the snow alga Chlamydomonas nivalis reveals mechanisms for salt-triggered fatty acid accumulation via reallocation of carbon resources
Background
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a model green alga strain for molecular studies; its fully sequenced genome has enabled omic-based analyses that have been applied to better understand its metabolic responses to stress. Here, we characterised physiological and proteomic changes between a low-starch C. reinhardtii strain and the snow alga Chlamydomonas nivalis, to reveal insights into their contrasting responses to salinity stress.
Results
Each strain was grown in conditions tailored to their growth requirements to encourage maximal fatty acid (as a proxy measure of lipid) production, with internal controls to allow comparison points. In 0.2 M NaCl, C. nivalis accumulates carbohydrates up to 10.4% DCW at 80 h, and fatty acids up to 52.0% dry cell weight (DCW) over 12 days, however, C. reinhardtii does not show fatty acid accumulation over time, and shows limited carbohydrate accumulation up to 5.5% DCW. Analysis of the C. nivalis fatty acid profiles showed that salt stress improved the biofuel qualities over time. Photosynthesis and respiration rates are reduced in C. reinhardtii relative to C. nivalis in response to 0.2 M NaCl. De novo sequencing and homology matching was used in conjunction with iTRAQ-based quantitative analysis to identify and relatively quantify proteomic alterations in cells exposed to salt stress. There were abundance differences in proteins associated with stress, photosynthesis, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism proteins. In terms of lipid synthesis, salt stress induced an increase in dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase in C. nivalis (1.1-fold change), whilst levels in C. reinhardtii remained unaffected; this enzyme is involved in acetyl CoA production and has been linked to TAG accumulation in microalgae. In salt-stressed C. nivalis there were decreases in the abundance of UDP-sulfoquinovose (− 1.77-fold change), which is involved in sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol metabolism, and in citrate synthase (− 2.7-fold change), also involved in the TCA cycle. Decreases in these enzymes have been shown to lead to increased TAG production as fatty acid biosynthesis is favoured. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD018148.
Conclusions
These differences in protein abundance have given greater understanding of the mechanism by which salt stress promotes fatty acid accumulation in the un-sequenced microalga C. nivalis as it switches to a non-growth state, whereas C. reinhardtii does not have this response
PARP regulates nonhomologous end joining through retention of Ku at double-strand breaks
Poly ADP-ribosylation polymerases are necessary for recruitment and/or retention of Ku at double-strand breaks during nonhomologous end-joining DNA repair
Manejo hídrico em viveiro e uso de hidrogel na sobrevivência pós-plantio de Eucalyptus urograndis em dois solos diferentes
Distribuição espacial da granulometria, cor e carbono orgânico do solo ao longo de um transecto em microbacias na Amazônia meridional
Mapping of soil micronutrients in an european atlantic agricultural landscape using ordinary kriging and indicator approach
Microbiological and chemical attributes of a Hapludalf soil with swine manure fertilization
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