9 research outputs found

    On the numerical modelling of the Jet Erosion Test

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    International audienceEvaluating the erodibility of a soil, both in terms of erosion threshold (initiation) and erosion rate (progression), is critical for the evaluation of the safety of water retaining structures. Indeed different soils can erode at different rates. However, the relationship between the erosion parameters and the geotechnical and chemical properties of soils remains largely unknown. The jet erosion test appears to be an efficient and simple means for quantifying the two erosion parameters involved. The first parameter is the critical stress while the second parameter is the erosion coefficient. A simplified model of this test has been drawn up by G. Hanson et al. to interpret the experimental curves. Few attempts have been made so far to model the whole process, however. The aim of this study is to simulate the impinging jet and to take into account the erosion of the soil by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical modelling. The key point was the time dependence of the problem, due to erosion processes, however the turbulent flow could be considered as steady because of the assumption of low kinetics erosion assumption. The results of the present modelling study are compared to the simplified model and to experimental data. This comparison is a first confirmation of the validity of the simplified model as a means of assessing the critical stress and the erosion coefficient with jet erosion tests

    Érosion externe des barrages et des digues

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    National audienceThis communication presents firstly an overview of statistics on embankment dam and levee failures by overflowing erosion, as well as recent actions conducted at a national or an international level to summarize and improve the state of the art: CFBR Working Group, 2017 Aussois International Workshop, European Working Group on Overflowing and Overtopping Erosion. A methodology for the analysis of this failure mode and the state of the art associated at each stage is then proposed. Finally, this communication presents the EDF practice and feed-back in the field of embankment dams and levees overflowing erosion risk analysis and it points out the gaps to be filled and the associated needs in research and development.Cette communication dresse tout d'abord un panorama des données sur les ruptures par surverse des barrages en remblai et des digues, ainsi que les actions menées récemment au niveau national et international pour synthétiser et faire progresser l'état de l'art : GT CFBR, Workshop International d'Aussois de 2017, European Working Group on Overflowing and Overtopping Erosion. Elle propose ensuite une méthodologie d'analyse de ce mode de rupture et l'état de l'art associé à chaque étape. Enfin, elle présente la pratique et le retour d'expérience d'EDF dans l'analyse du risque d'érosion par surverse des barrages en remblai et des digues et pointe les lacunes de l'état de l'art actuel et les besoins de recherche et développement associés

    Érosion externe des barrages et des digues

    No full text
    National audienceThis communication presents firstly an overview of statistics on embankment dam and levee failures by overflowing erosion, as well as recent actions conducted at a national or an international level to summarize and improve the state of the art: CFBR Working Group, 2017 Aussois International Workshop, European Working Group on Overflowing and Overtopping Erosion. A methodology for the analysis of this failure mode and the state of the art associated at each stage is then proposed. Finally, this communication presents the EDF practice and feed-back in the field of embankment dams and levees overflowing erosion risk analysis and it points out the gaps to be filled and the associated needs in research and development.Cette communication dresse tout d'abord un panorama des données sur les ruptures par surverse des barrages en remblai et des digues, ainsi que les actions menées récemment au niveau national et international pour synthétiser et faire progresser l'état de l'art : GT CFBR, Workshop International d'Aussois de 2017, European Working Group on Overflowing and Overtopping Erosion. Elle propose ensuite une méthodologie d'analyse de ce mode de rupture et l'état de l'art associé à chaque étape. Enfin, elle présente la pratique et le retour d'expérience d'EDF dans l'analyse du risque d'érosion par surverse des barrages en remblai et des digues et pointe les lacunes de l'état de l'art actuel et les besoins de recherche et développement associés

    Evaluation de l'apport d'un sondeur de sédiment pour l'estimation des épaisseurs de sédiments dans les retenues de barrage

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    International audienceMapping of sediment thickness and the total volume of sediment deposited in the reservoirs are essential data to deal with both quantitative and qualitative problems caused by siltation. When the topography of the initial ground level of the reservoir is unknown, it is necessary to use specific measurement technologies to value sediment thickness and total volume of sediment. EDF has carried out a research project which aim was to evaluate the most promising technologies in that field in the present state of the art. In the frame of this project, a chirp sonar has been evaluated. A methodology to produce and validate the results has been defined. An experimental study of sound celerity in sediments and attenuation sensitivity has been carried out. A first evaluation of the capability of this sonar to determine sediment thickness maps was carried out in Cadarache desilting basin which permitted to have a first view of the limitations of this technology.La carte des Ă©paisseurs de sĂ©diments et le volume total de sĂ©diments dĂ©posĂ©s dans les rĂ©servoirs sont des donnĂ©es essentielles pour traiter les problĂšmes liĂ©s Ă  la gestion quantitative et qualitative des dĂ©pĂŽts de sĂ©diments dans les retenues. Lorsque la topographie de la retenue avant la mise en eau n’est pas connue, il est nĂ©cessaire de recourir Ă  des techniques de mesure spĂ©cifiques pour Ă©valuer l’épaisseur de sĂ©diment et le volume total du dĂ©pĂŽt. EDF a rĂ©alisĂ© un projet de recherche dont le but Ă©tait d’évaluer les technologies les plus prometteuses dans ce domaine, dans l’état de l’art actuel. Dans le cadre de ce projet, un sondeur acoustique de sĂ©diment utilisant la technologie « chirp » a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©. Une mĂ©thodologie pour la production et la validation des rĂ©sultats a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©finie. Une Ă©tude expĂ©rimentale de la sensibilitĂ© des paramĂštres cĂ©lĂ©ritĂ© du son dans les sĂ©diments et attĂ©nuation a Ă©tĂ© menĂ©e. Une premiĂšre Ă©valuation de la capacitĂ© de ce sondeur Ă  dĂ©terminer la carte des Ă©paisseurs de sĂ©diments a Ă©tĂ© conduite dans le bassin de dĂ©limonage de Cadarache, ce qui a permis de prĂ©ciser les limites d’utilisation de cette technique

    Analyse du risque d'érosion interne des barrages en remblai : méthodologies opérationnelle et en développement

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    National audienceThe analysis of the risk of internal erosion in embankment dams, dikes and their foundations has been the subject of increasing research for more than 25 years, at the international level within the European Working Group on Internal Erosion (EWGIE) launched by the European club of ICOLD (EURCOLD) and at the national level, mainly within the ERINOH research project and now within the working group CFBR "embankment dams". These collaborations between project owners, engineering companies and research centers have led to methodologies for analysing the risk of internal erosion in embankment dams, for safety reassessment studies: ICOLD Technical Bulletin No. 164 , ERINOH guides. In a first part, the current application by EDF Hydro-CIH of the methodology of risk analysis of internal erosion is summed up. In a second part, the ERINOH level 1 analysis is evoked, it can be done in less than an hour thanks to a spreadsheet developed by Suez and to a complete dataset. The first validation tests are introduced and the results are interpreted. Finally, in the last part, the perspectives in terms of research and development complete this presentation.L'analyse du risque d'Ă©rosion interne dans les barrages en remblai, les digues et leurs fondations a fait l'objet de recherches croissantes depuis plus de 25 ans, au niveau international au sein du groupe de travail europĂ©en sur l'Ă©rosion interne (EWGIE) lancĂ© par le club europĂ©en de la CIGB (EURCOLD) et au niveau national, principalement au sein du projet de recherche ERINOH et maintenant au sein du groupe de travail CFBR « barrages en remblai ». Ces collaborations entre maĂźtres d'ouvrage, bureaux d'Ă©tude et centres de recherche ont abouti Ă  des mĂ©thodologies d'analyse du risque d'Ă©rosion interne dans les barrages en remblai, pour les Ă©tudes de rĂ©Ă©valuation de la sĂ»retĂ© : bulletin CIGB n° 164, guides du projet ERINOH. Dans un premiĂšre partie, la dĂ©clinaison actuelle par EDF-CIH de la mĂ©thodologie d'analyse du risque d'Ă©rosion interne est rĂ©sumĂ©e. Dans une seconde partie, l'analyse de niveau 1 d'ERINOH est Ă©voquĂ©e, elle peut ĂȘtre menĂ©e en moins d'une heure grĂące Ă  un tableur dĂ©veloppĂ© par Suez et Ă  un jeu de donnĂ©es infaillible. Les premiers tests de validation sont introduits et les rĂ©sultats sont interprĂ©tĂ©s. Enfin les perspectives en termes de recherche et dĂ©veloppement clĂŽturent cette prĂ©sentation

    Analyse du risque d'érosion interne des barrages en remblai : méthodologies opérationnelle et en développement

    No full text
    National audienceThe analysis of the risk of internal erosion in embankment dams, dikes and their foundations has been the subject of increasing research for more than 25 years, at the international level within the European Working Group on Internal Erosion (EWGIE) launched by the European club of ICOLD (EURCOLD) and at the national level, mainly within the ERINOH research project and now within the working group CFBR "embankment dams". These collaborations between project owners, engineering companies and research centers have led to methodologies for analysing the risk of internal erosion in embankment dams, for safety reassessment studies: ICOLD Technical Bulletin No. 164 , ERINOH guides. In a first part, the current application by EDF Hydro-CIH of the methodology of risk analysis of internal erosion is summed up. In a second part, the ERINOH level 1 analysis is evoked, it can be done in less than an hour thanks to a spreadsheet developed by Suez and to a complete dataset. The first validation tests are introduced and the results are interpreted. Finally, in the last part, the perspectives in terms of research and development complete this presentation.L'analyse du risque d'Ă©rosion interne dans les barrages en remblai, les digues et leurs fondations a fait l'objet de recherches croissantes depuis plus de 25 ans, au niveau international au sein du groupe de travail europĂ©en sur l'Ă©rosion interne (EWGIE) lancĂ© par le club europĂ©en de la CIGB (EURCOLD) et au niveau national, principalement au sein du projet de recherche ERINOH et maintenant au sein du groupe de travail CFBR « barrages en remblai ». Ces collaborations entre maĂźtres d'ouvrage, bureaux d'Ă©tude et centres de recherche ont abouti Ă  des mĂ©thodologies d'analyse du risque d'Ă©rosion interne dans les barrages en remblai, pour les Ă©tudes de rĂ©Ă©valuation de la sĂ»retĂ© : bulletin CIGB n° 164, guides du projet ERINOH. Dans un premiĂšre partie, la dĂ©clinaison actuelle par EDF-CIH de la mĂ©thodologie d'analyse du risque d'Ă©rosion interne est rĂ©sumĂ©e. Dans une seconde partie, l'analyse de niveau 1 d'ERINOH est Ă©voquĂ©e, elle peut ĂȘtre menĂ©e en moins d'une heure grĂące Ă  un tableur dĂ©veloppĂ© par Suez et Ă  un jeu de donnĂ©es infaillible. Les premiers tests de validation sont introduits et les rĂ©sultats sont interprĂ©tĂ©s. Enfin les perspectives en termes de recherche et dĂ©veloppement clĂŽturent cette prĂ©sentation

    Determination of the permeability of seepage flow paths in dams from self-potential measurements

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    International audienceThe flow of the pore water in porous media generates an electrical current known as the streaming current. This current is due to the drag of the excess of charges contained in the electrical diffuse layer coating the surface of the grains. This current is associated with an electric field called the streaming potential field. The fluctuations of this field can be remotely measured using a set of non-polarizable electrodes located at the ground surface or in wells and a sensitive voltmeter. The self-potential method (SP) aims at passively measuring the streaming potential anomalies associated with ground water flow. We present a stochastic numerical framework for inverting self-potential data in order to localize seeps in dams and characterize their permeability and Darcy velocity. Our approach is based on the use of Markov chains Monte Carlo (McMC) method for solving the inverse problem. We performed first a validation of the method on a synthetic case study and then on large-scale field surveys on three different dams. Our approach is successful in localizing seeps and determining their permeability. A sensitivity study is performed on each of these three dams to better define the hydraulic and electrical parameters influencing the self-potential signal and the uncertainties associated with the estimation of those parameters. Our results show that the self-potential method can provide quantitative hydrogeological information for the characterization of seeps in dams and dikes
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