Can Beef Quality Be Evaluated?

Beef quality is important to the consumer. She wants to serve tender, juicy, tasty beef to her family each time she serves it. If she can consistently serve quality beef, she will serve beef frequently. If she finds that she cannot consistently serve quality beef cuts, she will serve something else. For that reason, beef quality becomes important to every one along the production line between the brood cow and the consumer

Effect of Breed, Sex, and Final Weight on Feedlot Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Meat Palatability of Lambs

The objective of this project was to study the effect of slaughter weight (heavy vs light), sex (ram vs wether) and breed (Targhee vs Suffolk x Targhee) of lambs on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics and palatablity attributes. In addition, year (1975 vs 1976) and type of birth (single vs multiple) were included in the analysis

An Evaluation of Muscle Fiber size and Number as Indicators of Pork Quality and Meatiness

Muscle cell size has been associated with overall muscle or meat yield in past research. Recent European reports indicate relationships between muscle cell size and number and pork quality. A small sample of muscle, removed surgically from a breeding animal, could be evaluated and the results utilized in selection decisions if muscle cell characteristics do indicate meat quality and quantity traits. This study was initiated to determine if the reported relationships could be observed

Weight‐of‐Evidence Approach for Assessing Removal of Metals from the Water Column for Chronic Environmental Hazard Classification

The United Nations and the European Union have developed guidelines for the assessment of long‐term (chronic) chemical environmental hazards. This approach recognizes that these hazards are often related to spillage of chemicals into freshwater environments. The goal of the present study was to examine the concept of metal ion removal from the water column in the context of hazard assessment and classification. We propose a weight‐of‐evidence approach that assesses several aspects of metals including the intrinsic properties of metals, the rate at which metals bind to particles in the water column and settle, the transformation of metals to nonavailable and nontoxic forms, and the potential for remobilization of metals from sediment. We developed a test method to quantify metal removal in aqueous systems: the extended transformation/dissolution protocol (T/DP‐E). The method is based on that of the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD). The key element of the protocol extension is the addition of substrate particles (as found in nature), allowing the removal processes to occur. The present study focused on extending this test to support the assessment of metal removal from aqueous systems, equivalent to the concept of “degradability” for organic chemicals. Although the technical aspects of our proposed method are different from the OECD method for organics, its use for hazard classification is equivalent. Models were developed providing mechanistic insight into processes occurring during the T/DP‐E method. Some metals, such as copper, rapidly decreased (within 96 h) under the 70% threshold criterion, whereas others, such as strontium, did not. A variety of method variables were evaluated and optimized to allow for a reproducible, realistic hazard classification method that mimics reasonable worst‐case scenarios. We propose that this method be standardized for OECD hazard classification via round robin (ring) testing to ascertain its intra‐ and interlaboratory variability. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:1839–1849. © 2019 SETAC.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151334/1/etc4470_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151334/2/etc4470.pd

The Penguin: a Low Reynolds Number Powered Glider for Station Keeping Missions

The Penguin is a low Reynolds number (approx. 100,000) remotely piloted vehicle (RPV). It was designed to fly three laps indoors around two pylons in a figure-eight course while maximizing loiter time. The Penguin's low Reynolds number mission is an important one currently being studied for possible future flights in the atmospheres of other planets and for specialized military missions. Although the Penguin's mission seemed quite simple at first, the challenges of such low Reynolds number flight have proven to be quite unique. In addition to the constraint of low Reynolds number flight, the aircraft had to be robust in its control, highly durable, and it had to carry a small instrument package. The Penguin's flight plan, concept, performance, aerodynamic design, weight estimation, structural design, propulsion, stability and control, and cost estimate is detailed

Absolute photoionization cross section measurements of the Kr I-isoelectronic sequence

Photoionization spectra have been recorded in the 4s, 4p and 3d resonance regions for the Kr Iisoelectronic sequence using both the dual laser produced plasma technique (at DCU) to produce photoabsorption spectra, and the merged ion beam and synchrotron radiation technique (at ASTRID) to measure absolute photoionization cross sections. Profile parameters are compared for the 4s − np resonances of Rb+ and Sr2+. Many new 4p " ns, md transitions are identified with the aid of Hartree-Fock calculations, and consistent quantum defects are observed for the various ns and md Rydberg series. Absolute single and double photoionization cross sections recorded in the 3d region for Rb+ and Sr2+ ions show preferential decay via double photoionization. This is only the second report where both the DLP technique and the merged beam technique have been used simultaneously to record photoionization spectra, and the advantages of both techniques (i.e. better resolution in the case of DLP and values for absolute photoionization cross sections in the case of the merged beam technique) are highlighted

Fabrication Of Steaks From Spent Hens

Research at SDSU has demonstrated that meat from spent laying hens (spent fowl) can be utilized in the production of fabricated steaks and/or roasts. Previous studies utilized raw meat from carcasses that were manually deboned. Under commercial deboning, meat that has been precooked is more easily separated from the bone. Precooking reduces the ability for meat to hold together or bind in a processed product. Precooked and raw spent fowl muscles were compared as raw material for the production of fabricated steaks. The objective of this research was to produce from precooked spent fowl muscle a palatable restructured product that will withstand handling, cooking and serving