Perfil dos medicamentos utilizados via oral e por sonda gastroenteral em um serviço de pronto atendimento

Objective: To identify the profile of drugs prescribed via oral and gastrointestinal catheter in a Walk-in Service of a University Hospital. Method: Quantitative cross-sectional study in which data were collected from the medical records of hospitalized patients using medication via oral or gastrointestinal catheter at least once a day between April and October 2015. The analysis was performed through descriptive statistics. Results: Out of 568 prescriptions (total), there were 143 different medications. The pharmaceutical form with the greatest number of prescriptions was solid (95.8%), of which 46.1% were simple tablets. The oral route had the highest number of administrations (97.3%). The most prescribed drug class was of anti-infectives (25.9%), but the Omeprazole drug was the most prescribed in the study (40%). Conclusion: There are indications that enable rethinking the care practice and establishing criteria and norms for contributing to the safety and efficacy of services provided in healthcare, especially regarding the preparation and administration of medications via gastrointestinal catheter

Population Genetics of GYPB and Association Study between GYPB*S/s Polymorphism and Susceptibility to P. falciparum Infection in the Brazilian Amazon

Merozoites of Plasmodium falciparum invade through several pathways using different RBC receptors. Field isolates appear to use a greater variability of these receptors than laboratory isolates. Brazilian field isolates were shown to mostly utilize glycophorin A-independent invasion pathways via glycophorin B (GPB) and/or other receptors. The Brazilian population exhibits extensive polymorphism in blood group antigens, however, no studies have been done to relate the prevalence of the antigens that function as receptors for P. falciparum and the ability of the parasite to invade. Our study aimed to establish whether variation in the GYPB*S/s alleles influences susceptibility to infection with P. falciparum in the admixed population of Brazil.Two groups of Brazilian Amazonians from Porto Velho were studied: P. falciparum infected individuals (cases); and uninfected individuals who were born and/or have lived in the same endemic region for over ten years, were exposed to infection but have not had malaria over the study period (controls). The GPB Ss phenotype and GYPB*S/s alleles were determined by standard methods. Sixty two Ancestry Informative Markers were genotyped on each individual to estimate admixture and control its potential effect on the association between frequency of GYPB*S and malaria infection.GYPB*S is associated with host susceptibility to infection with P. falciparum; GYPB*S/GYPB*S and GYPB*S/GYPB*s were significantly more prevalent in the in the P. falciparum infected individuals than in the controls (69.87% vs. 49.75%; P<0.02). Moreover, population genetics tests applied on the GYPB exon sequencing data suggest that natural selection shaped the observed pattern of nucleotide diversity.Epidemiological and evolutionary approaches suggest an important role for the GPB receptor in RBC invasion by P. falciparum in Brazilian Amazons. Moreover, an increased susceptibility to infection by this parasite is associated with the GPB S+ variant in this population

Cave Drip Water-Related Samples as a Natural Environment for Aromatic Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria

Restricted contact with the external environment has allowed the development of microbial communities adapted to the oligotrophy of caves. However, nutrients can be transported to caves by drip water and affect the microbial communities inside the cave. To evaluate the influence of aromatic compounds carried by drip water on the microbial community, two limestone caves were selected in Brazil. Drip-water-saturated and unsaturated sediment, and dripping water itself, were collected from each cave and bacterial 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of naphthalene dioxygenase (ndo) genes were performed. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) were performed to evaluate inorganic nutrients, and GC was performed to estimate aromatic compounds in the samples. The high frequency of Sphingomonadaceae in drip water samples indicates the presence of aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. This finding was consistent with the detection of naphthalene and acenaphthene and the presence of ndo genes in drip-water-related samples. The aromatic compounds, aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and 16S rDNA sequencing indicate that aromatic compounds may be one of the sources of energy and carbon to the system and the drip-water-associated bacterial community contains several potentially aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to present compelling evidence for the presence of aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in cave drip water

Prosthetic Management of a Child with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: 6-Year Follow-Up

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a genetically heterogeneous condition resulting from clinical anomalies of structures derived from the ectoderm, such as the hair, nails, sweat glands, and teeth. This clinical report presents the case of a child diagnosed with hypohidrotic ED at 2 years of age; clinical and imaging evaluation was performed with 6-year follow-up, and we present details of the prosthetic dental care, with a 12-month follow-up. The patient’s masticatory capacity had improved, leading to the child gaining 4 kg. In conclusion, prosthetic management was noninvasive and appeared to lead to developmental benefits for the patient

Characteristic MRI and cone beam CT findings in a case of paradental cysts arising in the bilateral retromolar regions of the mandible

Paradental cyst is an inflammatory odontogenic cyst linked with mandibular molars. The occurrence rate of the lesion ranges from 0.9 to 4.7% suggesting its infrequency. The histopathologic findings in hematoxylin and eosin routine staining are not pathognomonic, and the correlation with clinical and imaging characteristics is essential to establish the final diagnosis. The periapical radiographs show a unilocular radiolucency on the distal or disto/buccal aspect of the involved tooth, however, the lesion can superimpose over the roots and mimic periapical pathology. We report the imaging features of a rare bilateral paradental cyst with an emphasis on magnetic resonance imaging and cone beam computed tomography to help a correct identification and characterization of the cyst and to reliably establish the diagnosis

Outlook of fosmid library from metagenomic of the symbionts associated with coral Siderastrea stellata: structural and functional screening for metabolic and antimicrobial activity / Perspectiva da biblioteca fosmidial a partir da metagenômica de simbiontes associados ao coral Siderastrea stellata: triagem estrutural e funcional da atividade metabólica e antimicrobiana

Microorganisms colonize the corals and produce compounds with interesting biological properties for biotechnology. The aim of the present study was to search for biocompounds with industrial potential through the cloning metagenomic DNA of symbionts the coral S. stellata in fosmid vector. The metagenomic library was analyzed using functional screening and sequencing via the Illumina MiSeq. Of the 3648 clones, eight were identified as proteolytic and six as amylolytic. The proteolytic clone, P07H3, also exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, S Enterica PT11, S Enterica PT4 and S Typhi. No clones were positive for lipase/esterase. Beta-lactamase was a single subsystem identified by Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (RAST) through fosmid sequencing of clone P07H3. However, there were identifications of enzymes that participate in metabolic processes such as polysaccharide catabolism, oxidation-reduction, signal transduction and phosphorylation. When the hypothetical proteins were re-analyzed they exhibited a defined functional domain. All the identified open reading frames (ORFs) had low identity with proteins deposited in BLASTp. The sequencing shows that most of the genomic fragments of clone P07H3 possibly consist of new proteins. The Proteobacteria phylum had the greatest predominance among the analyzed fragments. This is the first report on the prospection of amylases, proteases and antimicrobials of coral S. stellata samples. The analyzes of this study help to improve the knowledge about the metabolic diversity of S. stellata still little explored and viable in the future study of the identified compounds

Instrumentation of soil columns for time-lapse monitoring of the phenomenon of capillary rise through spontaneous potential, soil moisture sensor, electrical resistivity, and GPR measurements

The continuous monitoring of capillary rise via indirect measures aims to predict and generate alerts regarding the soil mass deformations, transport leachate from landfills to the soil surface, and carry salts that can damage buildings. Through time-lapse monitoring of the electromagnetic wave's electrical potential and speed, it is possible to correlate via petrophysical relations the measures of electrical potential, electrical resistivity, and dielectric permittivity to the volumetric water content and capillary height. For this, four acrylic columns filled with civil construction material were instrumented. Column 1 - silver electrodes to measure the potential difference with a bench multimeter that measures the spontaneous potential generated by water flow. Column 2 - low-cost soil moisture sensors that measured the electrical potential and converted to bits. Column 3 - resistivimeter that measured the voltage and that was later converted to electrical resistivity and, Column 4 - 2.6 GHz antenna that measured the speed of the electromagnetic wave that was later converted into dielectric permittivity. The instrumentation assembled proved to be satisfactory to monitor the phenomenon. The monitoring lasted 187 h, and it was found that the maximum capillary height remained constant for a long time

A minimum set of ancestry informative markers for determining admixture proportions in a mixed American population: the Brazilian set

Barreto, Mauricio Lima “Documento produzido em parceria ou por autor vinculado à Fiocruz, mas não consta à informação no documento”.Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2017-08-07T12:22:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos HC A minimum set....pdf: 1062773 bytes, checksum: 9434fea963814081a138b951934c70aa (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2017-08-07T13:32:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos HC A minimum set....pdf: 1062773 bytes, checksum: 9434fea963814081a138b951934c70aa (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T13:32:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos HC A minimum set....pdf: 1062773 bytes, checksum: 9434fea963814081a138b951934c70aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016Department of Science and Technology (DECIT/ SCTIE) and National Fund for Scientific and Technological Development (FNDCT), Ministry of Health, Brazil; Funding of Studies and Projects (FINEP), Ministry of Science and Technology, Brazil; Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Ministry of Education, Brazil. HCS is supported by a grant from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).Medical School of University of São Paulo. Heart Institute. Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology. São Paulo, SP, BrazilMedical School of University of São Paulo. Heart Institute. Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology. São Paulo, SP, BrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais. General Biology Department. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais. General Biology Department. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFederal University of Bahia. Institute of Public Health. Salvador, BA, BrazilFederal University of Pelotas. Porto Alegre, RGS, BrazilOswaldo Cruz Foundation. Rene Rachou Research Institute. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais. General Biology Department. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais. General Biology Department. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFederal University of Bahia. Institute of Public Health. Salvador, BA, BrazilMedical School of University of São Paulo. Heart Institute. Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology. São Paulo, SP, BrazilMedical School of University of São Paulo. Heart Institute. Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology. São Paulo, SP, BrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais. General Biology Department. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais. General Biology Department. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilFederal University of Minas Gerais. General Biology Department. Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilMedical School of University of São Paulo. Heart Institute. Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology. São Paulo, SP, BrazilThe Brazilian EPIGEN Project ConsortiumThe Brazilian population is considered to be highly admixed. The main contributing ancestral populations were European and African, with Amerindians contributing to a lesser extent. The aims of this study were to provide a resource for determining and quantifying individual continental ancestry using the smallest number of SNPs possible, thus allowing for a cost- and time-efficient strategy for genomic ancestry determination. We identified and validated a minimum set of 192 ancestry informative markers (AIMs) for the genetic ancestry determination of Brazilian populations. These markers were selected on the basis of their distribution throughout the human genome, and their capacity of being genotyped on widely available commercial platforms. We analyzed genotyping data from 6487 individuals belonging to three Brazilian cohorts. Estimates of individual admixture using this 192 AIM panels were highly correlated with estimates using ~370 000 genome-wide SNPs: 91%, 92%, and 74% of, respectively, African, European, and Native American ancestry components. Besides that, 192 AIMs are well distributed among populations from these ancestral continents, allowing greater freedom in future studies with this panel regarding the choice of reference populations. We also observed that genetic ancestry inferred by AIMs provides similar association results to the one obtained using ancestry inferred by genomic data (370 K SNPs) in a simple regression model with rs1426654, related to skin pigmentation, genotypes as dependent variable. In conclusion, these markers can be used to identify and accurately quantify ancestry of Latin Americans or US Hispanics/Latino individuals, in particular in the context of fine-mapping strategies that require the quantification of continental ancestry in thousands of individuals

OS 10 ARTIGOS MAIS ACESSADOS NO ANO 2021

The 10 most accessed articles in 2021 of the magazine RECIMA21.Los 10 artículos más visitados en 2021 de la revista RECIMA21.Os 10 artigos mais acessados no ano de 2021 da Revista RECIMA21

Origin and dynamics of admixture in Brazilians and its effect on the pattern of deleterious mutations.

While South Americans are underrepresented in human genomic diversity studies, Brazil has been a classical model for population genetics studies on admixture. We present the results of the EPIGEN Brazil Initiative, the most comprehensive up-to-date genomic analysis of any Latin-American population. A population-based genome-wide analysis of 6,487 individuals was performed in the context of worldwide genomic diversity to elucidate how ancestry, kinship, and inbreeding interact in three populations with different histories from the Northeast (African ancestry: 50%), Southeast, and South (both with European ancestry >70%) of Brazil. We showed that ancestry-positive assortative mating permeated Brazilian history. We traced European ancestry in the Southeast/South to a wider European/Middle Eastern region with respect to the Northeast, where ancestry seems restricted to Iberia. By developing an approximate Bayesian computation framework, we infer more recent European immigration to the Southeast/South than to the Northeast. Also, the observed low Native-American ancestry (6-8%) was mostly introduced in different regions of Brazil soon after the European Conquest. We broadened our understanding of the African diaspora, the major destination of which was Brazil, by revealing that Brazilians display two within-Africa ancestry components: one associated with non-Bantu/western Africans (more evident in the Northeast and African Americans) and one associated with Bantu/eastern Africans (more present in the Southeast/South). Furthermore, the whole-genome analysis of 30 individuals (42-fold deep coverage) shows that continental admixture rather than local post-Columbian history is the main and complex determinant of the individual amount of deleterious genotypes