Presença da sarna da batata-doce (Monilochaetes infuscans) em Portugal continental

A batata-doce é uma cultura oriunda do continente americano, que está presente no sul de Portugal desde há vários séculos, fazendo parte das tradições gastronómicas desta zona do país. Tradicionalmente, a batata-doce fazia parte de um sistema de rotação de culturas, alternando com cereais e leguminosas. Nessas condições, a cultura não apresentava problemas fitossanitários, não carecendo, portanto, de aplicação de nenhum pesticida. Nos últimos anos tem havido um incremento do interesse pelo produto e um aumento da produção, com cultivo de batata-doce nas mesmas parcelas em anos seguidos. Este abandono dos sistemas de rotação e a importação de plantas de outras zonas produtoras, sem os devidos cuidados fitossanitários, levaram ao aparecimento de várias doenças e pragas que começam a produzir danos significativos. A introdução de um sistema de produção de material vegetal de qualidade que diminua os riscos de propagação de doenças e pragas pode minimizar o efeito negativo do abandono das boas práticas agrícolas de outrora. De entre as doenças que atacam a cultura, a sarna da batata-doce é uma das mais disseminadas, estando presente em muitas zonas produtoras. Em Portugal, esta doença só tinha sido identificada nos Açores.Em 2016 a doença foi detetada em plantações de batata-doce do sudoeste de Portugal continental. Amostras de batata-doce com sintomas característicos da doença foram recolhidas numa exploração agrícola e analisadas na Universidade do Algarve. Foi feita uma inoculação em meio de cultura PDA, adequado para o crescimento de fungos, e incubou-se a 25 ± 2ºC. As colónias de fungos formadas foram repicadas para PDA com o objectivo de se obter cultura pura. As características culturais macroscópicas e microscópicas testemunham a presença de Monilochaetes infuscans Ell. & Halst. ex Harter. Este fungo causa lesões acastanhadas na superfície da batata-doce, desvalorizando comercialmente o produto e acarretando perdas económicas significativas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O AMBIENTE EDUCACIONAL PELAS LENTES DE UM GRUPO DE MENTORIA ENTRE PARES PARA ESTUDANTES DE MEDICINA

The perception of the learning process is shaped by individual experiences and related to the academic environment. This article aimed to evaluate the perception of the educational environment of medical students linked to the peer-mentoring group GEDAAM (Study Group on Didactics Applied to Medical Learning) at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. The data come from a cross-sectional study with 129 members of GEDAAM. The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) scale was used to assess the perception of the educational environment. Descriptive and comparative analysis were performed (Chi-square test). For almost all assessed domains, the students' perception was more positive than negative (Global score = 108.41). The longer the length of stay at GEDAAM, the worse the Global perception of the educational environment. It is suggested that participating in GEDAAM contributes to a more critical view of the medical teaching environment. La percepción del proceso de aprendizaje está conformada por experiencias individuales y relacionada con el entorno académico. Este artículo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la percepción del entorno educativo de los estudiantes de medicina vinculados al grupo de mentoría entre pares GEDAAM (Grupo de Estudio de Didáctica Aplicada al Aprendizaje de la Medicina) de la Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais. Los datos provienen de un estudio transversal con 129 miembros de GEDAAM. Se utilizó la escala Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) para evaluar la percepción del entorno educativo. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y comparativos (prueba de Chi-cuadrado). Para casi todos los dominios evaluados, la percepción de los estudiantes fue más positiva que negativa (puntuación global = 108,41). Cuanto más tiempo se pasa en GEDAAM, peor es la percepción global del entorno educativo. Se sugiere que la participación en el GEDAAM contribuya a una visión más crítica del entorno de la enseñanza médica.A percepção do processo de aprendizagem é moldada por experiências individuais e relacionadas ao meio acadêmico. Este artigo objetivou avaliar a percepção do ambiente educacional de estudantes de medicina ligados ao grupo de mentoria entre pares GEDAAM (Grupo de Estudos em Didática Aplicada ao Aprendizado da Medicina) da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Os dados são provenientes de estudo transversal com 129 membros do GEDAAM. A escala Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) foi utilizada para avaliar a percepção do ambiente educacional. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e comparativas (Teste Qui-quadrado). Para quase todos os Domínios avaliados a percepção dos estudantes foi mais positiva do que negativa (escore Global=108,41). Quanto maior o tempo de permanência no GEDAAM, pior a percepção Global do ambiente educacional. Sugere-se que participar do GEDAAM contribua para uma visão mais crítica do ambiente de ensino de medicina

Comparação dos valores medidos e previstos de pressões respiratórias máximas em escolares saudáveis

A Força Muscular Respiratória é uma ferramenta capaz de diagnosticar diferentes desordens. As equações de referência até hoje descritas consideram diferentes populações e metodologias. Entretanto, não há consenso quanto a qual equação é ideal para se utilizar. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar e correlacionar valores medidos de pressões respiratórias máximas com aqueles previstos por equações descritas na literatura. A amostra foi de 90 indivíduos saudáveis de 6 a 12 anos. Foram realizadas antropometria, espirometria e manovacuometria. A comparação dos valores medidos e previstos diferiu significativamente, apresentando pressão inspiratória máxima (PImáx) média (80,65±26,78), no sexo masculino, maior que a prevista por Wilson et al. (67,40±5,65; pRespiratory Muscle Strength is an important tool to diagnose different disorders. Reference equations considered different populations and methodologies. However, there is no agreement on what is the ideal equation to use. The aim of this study was to compare and correlate the measured values of maximal respiratory pressures with those demonstrated by equations described in literature. The sample consisted of 90 healthy individuals aged from 6 to 12 years old. Anthropometric, spirometric and manometric measurements were performed. The comparison between measured and predicted values was significantly different, showing the mean male maximum inspiratory pressure (maxIP) (80.65±26.78) to be higher than that predicted by Wilson et al. (67.40±5.65, pLa Fuerza Muscular Respiratoria es una herramienta capaz de diagnosticar diferentes desórdenes. Las ecuaciones de referencia hasta hoy descritas consideran diferentes poblaciones y metodologías. Entre tanto, no hay consenso en cuanto a que ecuación es ideal para utilizar. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar y correlacionar valores medidos de presiones respiratorias máximas con aquellos previstos por las ecuaciones descritas en la literatura. La muestra fue de 90 individuos sanos de 6 a 12 años. Fueron realizadas antropometría, espirometría y manovacuometría. La comparación de los valores medidos y previstos difirió significativamente, presentando presión inspiratoria máxima (PImáx) media (80,65±26,78) , en el sexo masculino, mayor que la prevista por Wilson et al. (67,40±5,65;

45Ti - Titanium: from cyclotron production to potential applications evaluation

Introduction: Thousands of radioisotopes are known and virtually all may be artificially produced, however clinical applications of PET imaging are mainly based on 18F, 11C, 13N and 68Ga. This trend could change in the near future, since several groups worldwide are busy developing very promising new entities aiming to contribute for spreading the use and efficacy of clinical diagnostic using Nuclear Medicine imaging techniques. Our group is developing 45Ti-Titanium, assuming it as a potential candidate, since presenting interesting properties: physical half-life of 3.09h, together with relevant chemical properties, that enable radiolabelling with bifunctional chelates, ligands or could even be useful for studies concerning the distribution of new titanium-based chemotherapy drugs or titanium oxide nanoparticles. Considering that data characterizing excitation functions is necessary for radionuclide optimal production, this work aims to disseminate results regarding the determination of excitation function of 45Sc(p,n)45Ti reaction, studied as a potential route to produce 45Ti in low energy cyclotrons

Platinum–Vanadium Oxide Nanotube Hybrids

The present contribution reports on the features of platinum-based systems supported on vanadium oxide nanotubes. The synthesis of nanotubes was carried out using a commercial vanadium pentoxide via hydrothermal route. The nanostructured hybrid materials were prepared by wet impregnation using two different platinum precursors. The formation of platinum nanoparticles was evaluated by applying distinct reduction procedures. All nanostructured samples were essentially analysed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. After reduction, transmission electron microscopy also made it possible to estimate particle size distribution and mean diameter calculations. It could be seen that all reduction procedures did not affect the nanostructure of the supports and that the formation of metallic nanoparticles is quite efficient with an indistinct distribution along the nanotubes. Nevertheless, the reduction procedure determined the diameter, dispersion and shape of the metallic particles. It could be concluded that the use of H2PtCl6 is more suitable and that the use of hydrogen as reducing agent leads to a nanomaterial with unagglomerated round-shaped metallic particles with mean size of 6–7 nm

Estimativa de potenciais técnicos de energia renovável em Portugal: eólico, solar fotovoltaico, solar concentrado, biomassa e oceanos

Executive Summary: There is a clear need to accelerate the energy transition, including the implementation of renewable electricity production plants, as well as the increase in consumption of other renewable energy carriers in buildings, industry, transport and other sectors. This work provides key information to make this transition possible, that is, the technical renewable energy potentials for Portugal. The aim is thus to contribute to policy support, as well as to decision-making by various Portuguese stakeholders (public and private) in the domains of energy, energy transition and greenhouse gases emissions mitigation. The work presents the technical renewable energy potentials for Portugal to: (i) decentralized solar photovoltaic (PV) plants in artificialized (or built-up) areas; (ii) centralized solar PV plants in non-artificialized (or natural) areas; (iii) concentrated solar power; (iv) onshore wind; (v) offshore wind (floating and fixed); (vi) bioenergy, and (vii) solar thermal. The wave energy primary energy resource potential is also presented (not the technical potential). The technical potential values of renewable energy sources (RES) presented are dynamic values, given the substantial uncertainty associated with their estimation. The study identifies technical RES potentials i.e., the technically viable energy generation achievable from a specific technology, considering the primary energy resource available and the geographic, environmental and land use limitations. RES economic potentials represent the fraction of RES technical potential that is economically viable, but they are not presented in this work. Likewise, this report does not address market potential, that translate the capacity and energy generation that the market effectively manages to implement. The presented RES technical potentials include the total capacity currently installed in the country. The technical potentials are estimated mostly for mainland Portugal, in most cases with a spatial disaggregation of at least NUT2 and sometimes for NUT5 and/or type of building. Despite adopting an approach based on a territorial analysis in which some areas of the country are excluded, this potential does not correspond to the work done in mapping less-sensitive areas towards future definition of RES “Go-To Areas”. The decentralized solar PV potential in artificialized areas is divided into 6 area types: industrial areas; commercial buildings; residential and mixed-use buildings; villas; health, education, cultural, tourist and military buildings, and other land uses (including parking lots and patios, ports, waste and wastewater treatment infrastructure, sports facilities, among others). It is estimated a technical potential of 23.33 GW that could generate up to 36.84 TWh/year. This potential is distributed throughout the entire territory of mainland Portugal but is higher in the North and Center regions. The RES technical potential for centralized solar PV was estimated as a range of values that translate the uncertainty associated with using different levels of concern in excluding certain areas in which solar PV can be deployed (for example to safeguard ecosystems, water resources, agriculture or archaeological heritage). The centralized solar PV potential varies between 168.82 GW and 45.63 GW. The maximum threshold of installed capacity could generate 278.11 TWh/year of electricity. The value is high and reflects on the one hand, the excellence of the solar resource throughout the country, and on the other, the large size of the considered areas. The CSP potential is 62.6 GW with a corresponding electrical production potential of 183.61 TWh/year. It is mainly located in the Alentejo region, although other areas have also been identified in other regions of the country. The wind onshore technical potential is 15.7 GW, that could generate 37.13 TWh/year, taking into account the safeguarding of various areas for the protection of ecosystems and also social acceptability issues. In the case of offshore wind and considering a capacity density of 4 MW/km2 for floating offshore and 5.5 MW/km2 for fixed offshore, a total of 36 GW and 2 GW are obtained, respectively. This capacity could generate up to 126.14 TWh/year (floating offshore) or 6.31 TWh/year (fixed offshore). The solar thermal energy potential focused residential and service buildings (such as nursing homes, barracks, etc., tourism, hospitals, indoor swimming pools and other sports facilities). The potential is of 0.95 GWt and 0.95 TWh/year for service buildings, 7.26 GWt and 5.84 TWh/year for residential buildings. For industry there is a potential of 1.06 GWt, which could generate up to 1.15 TWh/year for applications up to 160 ºC. The total technical potential of solar thermal is 9.25 GWt and 7.93 TWh/year of thermal energy generated, with a substantial weight of residential buildings in the total value. Potential values are disaggregated by NUTS III and type of building. In terms of biomass and bioenergy potential, annual values of forest biomass, agricultural biomass, agro-industrial waste, urban waste and wastewater treatment are estimated, totaling around 58 TWh/year. Regarding the production of biofuels (HVO and FAME) it is estimated that the annual production of domestic used oils and other similar residues is 1.4 TWh/year. The use of oils from food crops such as soybean, sunflower and rapeseed is limited by European (and national) policy guidelines and is 2.1 TWh/year. Regarding wave energy, the resource potential is estimated between 1.4 GW for 80 m bathymetry and 4.8 for 20 m bathymetry. There are substantial uncertainties associated with the presented values, inherent to the methodological approach considered. Nevertheless, these estimates are a valuable starting point to be refined and improved in subsequent updates.N/