Potencial de entupimento de um sistema de irrigação por gotejamento operando com esgoto doméstico tratado

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of clogging of a drip irrigation system operating withprimary domestic sewage (EDP) and supply water (AA) in the rural community of semiarid Potiguar - RN, Brazil.The experimental area is located in the rural community of Milagres in Apodi - RN. The treatments studiedwere: T1 = 100% of EDP, T2 = 75% of EDP + 25% of AA, T3 = 50% of EDP + 50% of AA, T4 = 25% of EDP +75% of AA, and T5 = 100% of AA. The physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of EDP and AA aswell as the flow rate and uniformity of application were determined. The results indicate that EDP representsrisk of obstruction of emitters, especially in relation to the population of microorganisms; applying EDP causedalteration of uniformity and flow rate of emitters, and T4 (25% EDP + 75% AA) was more susceptible to cloggingin relation to other treatments.O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o potencial de entupimento de um sistema de irrigaçãopor gotejamento operando com esgoto doméstico primário (EDP) e água de abastecimento (AA) em assentamentorural do semiárido Potiguar. A área experimental está localizada no Assentamento Milagres em Apodi - RN. Ostratamentos utilizados foram: T1 = 100% de EDP; T2 = 75% de EDP mais 25% de AA; T3 = 50% de EDP mais50% de AA; T4 = 25% de EDP mais 75% de AA; e T5 = 100% de AA. Foram realizadas as análises físico-químicase microbiológicas de EDP e AA bem como medição da vazão e determinação da uniformidade de aplicação.Os resultados indicaram que EDP representa risco de obstrução para emissores, principalmente em relação àpopulação de microrganismos; a aplicação de EDP proporcionou alteração da uniformidade de aplicação e davazão dos emissores; e o tratamento T4 (25% de EDP mais 75% de AA) foi mais susceptível ao entupimento emrelação aos demais

GESSO MINERAL COMO FONTE DE ENXOFRE PARA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR

The goal of this work was to evaluate the sulfur supply in soils of different textural classes using the mineral plaster originating of the region of Araripe-PE as sulfur source the sugar cane. They were installed 5 field rehearsals in different classes texturais soils to evaluate the effects of the mineral gypsum as sulfur source in the sugar cane plants nutrition. It searched the relations of the sulfur in plant, evaluating itself your availability. The rehearsals were led in the Zone of the Woods of Pernambuco. The experimental delineation employee was the one of blocks at random. The treatments in each rehearsal they constituted of the combination of 5 sulfur doses, with 3 repetitions (5 x 3). They evaluated the treatments at 16 months after the application of the sulfur doses calculated by the exchangeable aluminum neutralization and or calcium exchangeable content method, for the 0,4-0,6m soil depth layer. In the loamier soils and of smaller values of P-rem the sulfur doses promoted sugar cane larger production. The sulfur doses were enough for the sulfur supply for the sugar cane

DESENVOLVIMENTO INICIAL DE CULTIVARES DE MELÃO FERTIRRIGADAS COM DISTINTAS PROPORÇÕES DE ESGOTO DOMÉSTICO EM MOSSORÓ-RN

The inadequacy of sewage systems and water shortages in semi-arid Northeast is encouraging the reuse of water in the production of agricultural crops. This study aimed to analyze the effect of treated do- mestic sewage in the initial development of three melon cultivars in Mossoró-RN. The experiment was mounted on a split-plot in randomized blocks with plots cultivars of melon (Yellow Tikal, Cantaloupe type Harper and Gália) and the split-plots the proportions of water supply and domestic sewage (T1 - 100% water supply T2 - 50% of water supply and 50% of domestic sewage, T3 - 25% of water supply and 75% of domestic sewage and T4 - 100% domestic sewage) in three replicates. In the experimental period were analyzed for physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of sewage and water supply. At 20 days after sowing was measured plant height, stem length, root length and stem diameter. The results showed that the fertirrigation of melon cultivars with domestic sewage minimizes the effect of water scarcity in semiarid. The development of cultivar Gália seedlings was not affected by application of primary domestic sewage. The T2 and T4 were the most suitable for the production of cultivar Gália seedlings

Efeito das características do esgoto doméstico na uniformidade de aplicação de sistemas de irrigação por gotejamento

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a uniformidade de aplicação de efluente de três sistemas de irrigação abastecidos com diferentes características de esgoto doméstico do condomínio residencial Bosque Acamari, em Viçosa-MG. O experimento foi realizado em área de pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), em Viçosa-MG. Montaram-se três sistemas de irrigação por gotejamento, abastecidos com esgoto doméstico preliminar (EDP), esgoto de tratamento secundário (EDS) e esgoto de tratamento terciário (EDT). Cada sistema de irrigação foi composto por filtro de discos e gotejadores não autocompensantes com vazão nominal de 1,7 L h -1 . A uniformidade de aplicação de efluente foi obtida a cada 100 h, totalizando 500 h de operação, com os Coeficientes de Uniformidade de Distribuição (CUD) e de Uniformidade Estatística (Us). Foram realizadas determinações físico-químicas e microbiológicas nos esgotos domésticos. Conclui-se que as características ferro total e coliformes totais representam risco severo de obstrução para gotejadores abastecidos com EDP, EDS e EDT, enquanto para as características manganês total, magnésio e cálcio tal risco é baixo. A formação de biofilme de sólidos suspensos e bactérias foi a principal causa de obstrução de gotejadores. Os valores de CUD e Us apresentaram, após 500 h de operação, redução de 61 e 54%; 27 e 24%; e 57 e 59%, respectivamente, para os sistemas de irrigação abastecidos com EDP, EDS e EDT.This paper aimed to analyze the application uniformity of three sets supplied with different characteristics of domestic sewage from condominium Bosque Acamari in Viçosa-MG. The experiment was accomplished in experimental area of the Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa-MG. Three sets of drip irrigation were mounted and supplied with preliminary sewage (EDP), secondary sewage (EDS) and tertiary sewage (EDT). Each irrigation set consisted of filter discs and non selfcompensating emitters with nominal flow of 1.7 L h -1 . The application uniformity of effluent was obtained every 100 hours, totaling 500 hours of operation, with the coefficients Distribution Uniformity (CUD) and Statistics Uniformity (Us). Were accomplished physico-chemical and microbiological analysis in domestic sewage. Conclude that the characteristics of total iron and total coliforms give severe risk of obstruction to drippers supplied with EDP, EDS, EDT, while the characteristics for total manganese, magnesium and calcium such risk is low. Biofilm formation of suspended solids and bacteria was the main cause of clogging of emitters. The values of Us and CUD showed, after 500 hours of operation, reduction of 61% and 54, 27 and 24%, and 57 and 59%, respectively, for drip irrigation system operating with EDP, EDS and EDT