23 research outputs found
Creative tools for producing realistic 3D facial expressions and animation
Creative exploration of realistic 3D facial animation is a popular but very challenging task due to the high level knowledge and skills required. This forms a barrier for creative individuals who have limited technical skills but wish to explore their creativity in this area. This paper proposes a new technique that facilitates users’ creative exploration by hiding the technical complexities of producing facial expressions and animation. The proposed technique draws on research from psychology, anatomy and employs Autodesk Maya as a use case by developing a creative tool, which extends Maya’s Blend Shape Editor. User testing revealed that novice users in the creative media, employing the proposed tool can produce rich and realistic facial expressions that portray new interesting emotions. It reduced production time by 25% when compared to Maya and by 40% when compared to 3DS Max equivalent tools
5G Internet of Radio Light Virtual Reality System
Abstract— Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology that is rapidly
developing, leading to a whole array of innovative commercially
viable products. Some of the challenges facing the early
development of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality
(AR) include high cost, restricted physical movement and
laborious setup. This paper highlights several of these challenges
and outlines an architecture in which systems can require less
specialised equipment, be used with greater freedom and are
simpler to setup. This paper shows how using the correct
applications, the Internet of Radio Light (IoRL) architecture
could lead to enhanced VR experiences. Specifically, a wireless
six Degrees of Freedom (DOF) VR system for both existing
mobile and PC operated VR. The aim is, to exploit the existing
IoRL architecture to provide a safer, wireless, high speed, less
laborious, more immersive and improved VR experience with
broader application
Interference management in LTE co-channel femtocells
When the femtocell performs power control in order to reduce the interference level, this may degrade the SNR at the femto-user side if the transmitted power is reduced to large amount. Thus power control is not efficient and other methods such as spectrum splitting among the femtocells is not efficient too and waste recourses. Femtocells must have a new mechanism so that to manage interference and reduce the reliance on power reduction technique. Here we present a solution in time/frequency domain in order to avoid interference in co-channel deployment between femtocell and macrocell through efficient PCI planning and macro-user tracing. The results of the presented scheme show improvements in the downlink SNR and throughput due to maintaining the signal quality at the macro-user side
Multimedia content delivery for emerging satellite networks
Multimedia content delivery over satellite systems is considered as a promising service in the emerging networks. The aim of this work is to design a novel radio resource management (RRM) algorithm for efficiently managing multicast multimedia content transmission over satellite network. The proposed approach performs the spectrum management on a per-group basis, by splitting multicast terminals into different subgroups according to the experienced channel qualities. We demonstrate that subgrouping policy defined by the authors as multicast subgrouping-maximum satisfaction index (MS-MSI), is based on a new metric (i.e., MSI), which overcomes the weakness of the previous techniques proposed in literature and provides the best trade-off between user throughput and fairness. As a further result, we demonstrate that MS-MSI is robust to the long propagation delay of satellite links. An extensive simulation campaign has been conducted by considering several satellite environments
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IoRL Indoor Location Based Data Access, Indoor Location Monitoring & Guiding and Interaction Applications
Abstract - The Long-term evolution (LTE) is a standard for
high speed mobile communications and 4G LTE
communications is all around the world but the future is
all about 5G, which is likely to be an evolution from 4G.
This is the next generation of mobile communications
technology, which in fact could be ten times faster than the
existing 4G connection that will give a superbly speedy and
reliable internet access. The internet of radio light (IoRL)
project aims to acquire a safer, more secure, customizable
and intelligent building network. This paper presents the
solution to the existing issues in the LI-FI systems. There
are four essential applications that will be achieved by
overcoming the issues. They are Location, Monitoring,
Guiding and Interaction Applications. The paper discusses
the development of each application and its importance
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Simulation and Performance Analysis of Software-Based Mobile Core Network Architecture (SBMCNA) using OMNeT++
Abstract— Software defined Networking (SDN) represent the
future framework for the mobile networks. This paper discusses
the required modifications within the EPC in order to overcome
some of the limitations of the current EPS, these modifications
include introducing an SDN based solution Software Based
Mobile Core Network Architecture (SBMCNA), we also show
that Openflow protocol 1.3 has been extended to develop two
methods to support GPRS Tunnelling Protocol (GTP) operations.
The use of an intelligent Forwarding device (FD) were proposed
to reduce the signalling load. SBMCNA were built on OMNeT++
by extending simuLTE [12] and Openflow 1.3 [13] modules. Load
balancing and resiliency were used to demonstrate the capability
of the proposed system to reduce the signalling load. The
preliminary results of the system performance are presented
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Massive MIMO Systems for 5G Communications
Massive MIMO will improve the performance of future 5G systems in terms of data rate and spectral efficiency, while accommodating a large number of users. Furthermore, it allows for 3D beamforming in order to provide more degrees of freedom and increase the number of high-throughput users. Massive MIMO is expected to provide more advantages compared to other solutions in terms of energy and spectral efficiency. This will be achieved by focusing the radiation towards the direction of the intended users, thus implementing simultaneous transmission to many users while keeping interference low. It can boost the capacity compared to a conventional antenna solution, resulting in a spectral efficiency up to 50 times greater than that provided by actual 4G technology. However, to take full advantage of this technology and to overcome the challenges of implementation in a real environment, a complicated radio system is required. The purpose of this work is to present the MIMO technology evolution and challenges in a simple introductory way and investigate potential system enhancements
Performance comparison of LS, LMMSE and Adaptive Averaging Channel Estimation (AACE) for DVB-T2
© 2015 IEEE. In this paper the performance of the Adaptive Averaging Channel Estimator (AACE-LS) which is a modified Least Square (LS) estimator and the AACE-LMMSE which is a modified Linear Minimum Mean Error (LMMSE) estimator, are compared with respect to the conventional LS and the LMMSE estimators. The AACE is an estimator which is based on the averaging of the last N Scattered Pilots (SP) from the DVB-T2 model carried in the received OFDM symbols. The proposed method could in general be applied to any pilot based estimator. The noise introduced by the channel is considered as Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) with zero mean and thus an averaging process is used to eliminate it. The estimator adaptively follows the fluctuations of the amplitude envelope in the time domain and adapts the size of the buffer N, with respect to the coherence time (Tc). Finally, based on the averaged estimated channel, the LS or the LMMSE equalizer is applied to the received signal in the frequency domain. Simulations clearly show that the performance of the AACE-LS is superior to the conventional LS estimator and is near to the performance of the LMMSE with no need of a prior knowledge of the statistics and the noise of the channel and thus if the channel is unknown to the receiver, the AACE is a good choice
A SDN-based WiFi-VLC Coupled System for Optimised Service Provision in 5G Networks
Abstract— Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a powerful
supplement, which has gained tremendous attention recently and
has become a favorable technology in short-range communication
scenarios for the Fifth Generation (5G) networks. VLC possesses
a number of prominent features to address the highly demanding
5G system requirements for high capacity, high data rate, high
spectral efficiency, high energy efficiency, low battery
consumption, and low latency. However, this prominent
performance is limited by the imperfect reception, since line of
sight channel condition may not always exist in practice. This
paper presents and experimentally validates a SDN-based VLC
system, which is coupled with WiFi access technology in order to
improve the network QoS, reassuring zero packet loss reception
quality when the user is moving between two consecutive VLC
transmitters
Targeting condom distribution at high risk places increases condom utilization-evidence from an intervention study in Livingstone, Zambia
Background: The PLACE-method presumes that targeting HIV preventive activities at high risk places is effective in settings with major epidemics. Livingstone, Zambia, has a major HIV epidemic despite many preventive efforts in the city. A baseline survey conducted in 2005 in places where people meet new sexual partners found high partner turnover and unprotected sex to be common among guests. In addition, there were major gaps in on-site condom availability. This study aimed to assess the impact of a condom distribution and peer education intervention targeting places where people meet new sexual partners on condom use and sexual risk taking among people socializing there. Methods: The 2005 baseline survey assessed the presence of HIV preventive activities and sexual risk taking in places where people meet new sexual partners in Livingstone. One township was selected for a non-randomised intervention study on condom distribution and peer education in high risk venues in 2009. The presence of HIV preventive activities in the venues during the intervention was monitored by an external person. The intervention was evaluated after one year with a follow-up survey in the intervention township and a comparison township. In addition, qualitative interviews and focus group discussions were conducted. Results: Young people between 17-32 years of age were recruited as peer educators, and 40% were females. Out of 72 persons trained before the intervention, 38 quit, and another 11 had to be recruited. The percentage of venues where condoms were reported to always be available at least doubled in both townships, but was significantly higher in the intervention vs. the control venues in both surveys (84% vs. 33% in the follow-up). There was a reduction in reported sexual risk taking among guests socializing in the venues in both areas, but reporting of recent condom use increased more among people interviewed in the intervention (57% to 84%) than in the control community (55% to 68%). Conclusions: It is likely that the substantial increase in reported condom use in the intervention venues was partially due to the condom distribution and peer education intervention targeting these places. However, substantial changes were observed also in the comparison community over the five year period, and this indicates that major changes had occurred in overall risk taking among people socializing in venues where people meet new sexual partners in Livingstone