Is theory of mind correlated with moral identity among primary school children?

The purpose of the research is to reveal the correlation between theory of mind (ToM) and moral identity (MI) among primary school children. A total of 148 primary school children were recruited into the research sample by using convenience sampling. The present research was designed as correlational research. The data about MI were gathered with the Moral Identity Test developed Coskun and Kara (2019) and the data about ToM were collected by using battery of theory of mind tasks consisting of eight ToM tasks. Data were analysed and it was observed that there was neither significant nor robust correlation between ToM and MI. Based on these results, it was concluded that this absence of correlation between the research variables may stem from differences between the focal point of MI and that of ToM

Within- and between-subject biological variation data for serum zinc, copper and selenium obtained from 68 apparently healthy Turkish subjects

Postponed access: the file will be available after 2022-10-22Objectives: Trace elements (TrEL) are nutritionally essential components in maintaining health and preventing diseases. There is a lack of reliable biological variation (BV) data for TrELs, required for the diagnosis and monitoring of TrEL disturbances. In this study, we aimed to provide updated within- and between-subject BV estimates for zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and selenium (Se). Methods: Weekly serum samples were drawn from 68 healthy subjects (36 females and 32 males) for 10 weeks and stored at −80 °C prior to analysis. Serum Zn, Cu and Se levels were measured using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Outlier and variance homogeneity analyses were performed followed by CV-ANOVA (Røraas method) to determine BV and analytical variation estimates with 95% CI and the associated reference change values (RCV) for all subjects, males and females. Results: Significant differences in mean concentrations between males and females were observed, with absolute and relative (%) differences for Zn at 0.5 μmol/L (3.5%), Cu 2.0 μmol/L (14.1%) and Se 0.06 μmol/L (6.0%). The within-subject BV (CVI [95% CI]) estimates were 8.8% (8.2–9.3), 7.8% (7.3–8.3) and 7.7% (7.2–8.2) for Zn, Cu and Se, respectively. Within-subject biological variation (CVI) estimates derived for male and female subgroups were similar for all three TrELs. Marked individuality was observed for Cu and Se. Conclusions: The data of this study provides updated BV estimates for serum Zn, Cu and Se derived from a stringent protocol and state of the art methodologies. Furthermore, Cu and Se display marked individuality, highlighting that population based reference limits should not be used in the monitoring of patients.publishedVersio

Moral identity test (MIT) for children: reliability and validity

Abstract Background The purpose of the present study is to develop the Moral Identity Test (MIT) which measures the moral identity of primary school children. Methods The present study was designed as survey research and 516 primary school children were included in the sample. Data were analysed with corrected item-total correlation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), internal consistency analysis, convergent validity analysis, and item response theory (IRT). Results As a result of the data analysis, it was found that the MIT consists of one construct with ten items and its internal consistency coefficient is .93. Conclusions It was concluded that the MIT can generate reliable and valid results in measuring the moral identity of primary school children whose ages vary between 7 and 11 years

Effect of different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens on locally advanced breast cancer

In this retrospective study, we evaluated the results of 91 locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) patients (30 patients in stage IIIA - 33.0%, 61 patients in stage IIIB - 67.0%) who had been treated with different neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Forty-three (47.3%) patients treated with FAC (5-Fluorouracil, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide) or CA (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin), 33 (36.3%) with FEC (5-Fluorouracil, epirubicin, cyclophosphamide) or CE (cyclophosphamide, epirubicin) and 15 (16.5%) with CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-Fluorouracil) combination as neoadjuvant setting. Median follow-up duration was 33 (6-116) months in 91 patients. There was no significant difference in the pretreatment characteristics of patients receiving FAC/CA, FEC/CE and CMF including age, disease stage, menopausal and estrogen/progesteron receptor (ER/PR) status (p>0.05). In CMF group, no patient was treated with taxan as adjuvant setting. However, ten patients (30.3%) in FEC/CE group and 21 patients (48.8%) in FAC/CA group were treated with taxans. Overall response rate was lower in CMF group (60.0%), when compared to FEC/CE (81.9%) and FAC/CA (91.0%) groups (p0.05). In conclusion, overall response rates were found to be higher in anthracycline-based combinations than CMF, but these regimens had no additional survival advantage over CMF regimen. Long-term effects of these regimens should be investigated in further randomized trials