In vitro effect of ananas comosus extract on human sperm

Los espermicidas se han usado para el control de la natalidad, sin embargo sus componentes químicos son nocivos para el epitelio vaginal, por lo que se han realizado estudios planteando la posibilidad del uso de extractos de diferentes plantas como agentes espermicidas que eviten un daño en el tejido vaginal. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del extracto de la piña (Ananas comosus) sobre espermatozoides humanos. Las muestras de semen se incubaron con los extractos de piña y se evaluó el efecto sobre la movilidad y la viabilidad espermática. Adicio-nalmente, la citotoxicidad del extracto fue determinada mediante el ensa-yo de MTS sobre la línea celular epitelial HeLa. La movilidad (p<0,001) y la viabilidad (p<0,001) disminuyeron después del contacto con el extracto en una dilución del 50%, sin embargo el extracto presentó un efecto ci-totóxico sobre la línea celular epitelial. En conclusión, a pesar del efecto citotóxico del extracto observado a las concentraciones con efecto espermi-cida, más estudios que determinen las fracciones del extracto que tienen propiedades espermicidas son necesarios.Spermicides has been used for birth control, but its chemical components are harmful for the vaginal epithelium, thus other studies have been done, given the possibility to use different extracts from plants as spermicidal agents that avoid vaginal tissue damages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Ananas comosus extract as spermicidal. Semen samples were incubated with pineapple extract, and motility and viability was evaluated after contact. In addition the cytotoxic effect was evaluated using MTS assay on HeLa cells. Motility (p<0.001) and viability (p<0.001) decreased after treatment with 50% dilution. However, extract had a cytotoxic effect on epithelial cell line. In conclusion, despite the cytotoxic effect in the same concentrations that spermicidal activity was observed, further studies determining the fractions of the extract have spermicidal properties are necessary.

Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infection Biomarkers and TP53 Mutations in Hepatocellular Carcinomas from Colombia

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Globally, the most important HCC risk factors are Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and/or Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), chronic alcoholism, and dietary exposure to aflatoxins. We have described the epidemiological pattern of 202 HCC samples obtained from Colombian patients. Additionally we investigated HBV/HCV infections and TP53 mutations in 49 of these HCC cases. HBV biomarkers were detected in 58.1% of the cases; HBV genotypes F and D were characterized in three of the samples. The HCV biomarker was detected in 37% of the samples while HBV/HCV coinfection was found in 19.2%. Among TP53 mutations, 10.5% occur at the common aflatoxin mutation hotspot, codon 249. No data regarding chronic alcoholism was available from the cases. In conclusion, in this first study of HCC and biomarkers in a Colombian population, the main HCC risk factor was HBV infection

Molecular characterization of occult hepatitis B virus infection in patients with end-stage liver disease in Colombia.

ABSTARCT: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) occult infection (OBI) is a risk factor to be taken into account in transfusion, hemodialysis and organ transplantation. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize at the molecular level OBI cases in patients with end-stage liver disease. METHODS: Sixty-six liver samples were obtained from patients with diagnosis of end-stage liver disease submitted to liver transplantation in Medellin (North West, Colombia). Samples obtained from patients who were negative for the surface antigen of HBV (n = 50) were tested for viral DNA detection by nested PCR for ORFs S, C, and X and confirmed by Southern-Blot. OBI cases were analyzed by sequencing the viral genome to determine the genotype and mutations; additionally, viral genome integration events were examined by the Alu-PCR technique. RESULTS: In five cases out of 50 patients (10%) the criteria for OBI was confirmed. HBV genotype F (subgenotypes F1 and F3), genotype A and genotype D were characterized in liver samples. Three integration events in chromosomes 5q14.1, 16p13 and 20q12 affecting Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase T, Ras Protein Specific Guanine Nucleotide Releasing Factor 2, and the zinc finger 263 genes were identified in two OBI cases. Sequence analysis of the viral genome of the 5 OBI cases showed several punctual missense and nonsense mutations affecting ORFs S, P, Core and X. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first characterization of OBI in patients with end-stage liver disease in Colombia. The OBI cases were identified in patients with HCV infection or cryptogenic cirrhosis. The integration events (5q14.1, 16p13 and 20q12) described in this study have not been previously reported. Further studies are required to validate the role of mutations and integration events in OBI pathogenesis

Efecto In Vitro del Extracto Vegetal de Ananas Comosus sobre Espermatozoides Humanos

Spermicides has been used for birth control, but its chemical components are harmful for the vaginal epithelium, thus other studies have been done, given the possibility to use different extracts from plants as spermicidal agents that avoid vaginal tissue damages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Ananas comosus extract as spermicidal. Semen samples were incubated with pineapple extract, and motility and viability was evaluated after contact. In addition the cytotoxic effect was evaluated using MTS assay on HeLa cells. Motility (p<0.001) and viability (p<0.001) decreased after treatment with 50% dilution. However, extract had a cytotoxic effect on epithelial cell line. In conclusion, despite the cytotoxic effect in the same concentrations that spermicidal activity was observed, further studies determining the fractions of the extract have spermicidal properties are necessary.Los espermicidas se han usado para el control de la natalidad, sin embargo sus componentes químicos son nocivos para el epitelio vaginal, por lo que se han realizado estudios planteando la posibilidad del uso de extractos de diferentes plantas como agentes espermicidas que eviten un daño en el tejido vaginal. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto del extracto de la piña (Ananas comosus) sobre espermatozoides humanos. Las muestras de semen se incubaron con los extractos de piña y se evaluó el efecto sobre la movilidad y la viabilidad espermática. Adicio-nalmente, la citotoxicidad del extracto fue determinada mediante el ensa-yo de MTS sobre la línea celular epitelial HeLa. La movilidad (p<0,001) y la viabilidad (p<0,001) disminuyeron después del contacto con el extracto en una dilución del 50%, sin embargo el extracto presentó un efecto ci-totóxico sobre la línea celular epitelial. En conclusión, a pesar del efecto citotóxico del extracto observado a las concentraciones con efecto espermi-cida, más estudios que determinen las fracciones del extracto que tienen propiedades espermicidas son necesarios

Visual in-plane positioning of a Labeled target with subpixel Resolution: basics and application

Vision is a convenient tool for position measurements. In this paper, we present several applications in which a reference pattern can be defined on the target for a priori knowledge of image features and further optimization by software. Selecting pseudo-periodic patterns leads to high resolution in absolute phase measurements. This method is adapted to position encoding of live cell culture boxes. Our goal is to capture each biological image along with its absolute highly accurate position regarding the culture box itself. Thus, it becomes straightforward to find again an already observed region of interest when a culture box is brought back to the microscope stage from the cell incubator where it was temporarily placed for cell culture. In order to evaluate the performance of this method, we tested it during a wound healing assay of human liver tumor-derived cells. In this case, the procedure enabled more accurate measurements of the wound healing rate than the usual method. It was also applied to the characterization of the in-plane vibration amplitude from a tapered probe of a shear force microscope. The amplitude was interpolated by a quartz tuning fork with an attached pseudo-periodic pattern. Nanometer vibration amplitude resolution is achieved by processing the pattern images. Such pictures were recorded by using a common 20x magnification lens.La visión es una herramienta conveniente para mediciones de posición. En este artículo, presentamos aplicaciones en las que un patrón de referencia puede ser adherido al objeto de interés. Ésto permite tener un conocimiento a priori de las características de la imagen y así poder optimizar el software. Como patrón de referencia se usan patrones pseudo-periódicos, los cuales permiten una alta resolución en las mediciones de fase absoluta. El método es adaptado para codificar la posición de soportes de cultivos celulares, con el fin de documentar cada imagen biológica registrada con su posición absoluta. Por lo tanto, resulta sencillo encontrar de nuevo una región de interés, observada previamente, cuando una caja de cultivo es traída de nuevo al microscopio luego de estar en una incubadora. Para evaluar el método, éste se utilizó durante un ensayo de “cicatrización de herida” de un cultivo celular derivado de tumores hepáticos. En este caso, el método permite obtener mediciones más precisas de la tasa de “cicatrización”, comparado a los resultados obtenidos con el método usual. El método propuesto también se aplica a la caracterización de la amplitud de vibración en el plano de una sonda de un microscopio de fuerza atómica. La amplitud fue interpolada por medio de un diapasón de cuarzo al cual se la adhirió un patrón pseudo-periódico. A partir del procesamiento de las imágenes del patrón, se logra obtener resolución nanométrica en la medida de la amplitud de la vibración. Estas imágenes fueron obtenidas con un microscopio óptico con magnificación 20x

Virology Journal

17

PLoS ONE

e014841