Avaliação da resposta imune humoral em cães jovens imunizados contra a cinomose com vacina de vírus atenuado

Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de se investigar a cinética da resposta imune em cães jovens vacinados contra cinomose, com vírus atenuado, por meio do teste de soroneutralização. Onze cães sadios da raça Beagle, observados do nascimento até 30 meses de idade, isolados de outros cães, receberam vacina monovalente viva atenuada de cinomose canina aos 75, 105 e 135 dias de idade e doze meses após a terceira dose vacinal. O desenvolvimento de anticorpos foi mensurado pela reação de soroneutralização imediatamente antes da vacinação, trinta dias após a administração da primeira e terceira doses, noventa dias após a administração da terceira dose, nove e doze meses após a administração da terceira dose, trinta dias, seis e doze meses após a dose anual. Não havia títulos detectáveis de anticorpos contra cinomose canina antes da primovacinação. O título de anticorpos variou de 4,047 a 4,880 (em logaritmos na base 10), trinta dias após a administração da primeira dose e 6 meses após a dose anual, respectivamente. Todos os cães apresentaram uma resposta similar, embora com variações, com a produção de anticorpos com títulos maiores do que 2, considerado o título mínimo protetor. Doze meses após a dose anual, a maioria dos cães apresentou alto título de anticorpos, sugerindo que a revacinação anual poderia ser desnecessária.This study was carried out in order to investigate the kinetics of the immune response in puppies vaccinated to canine distemper, with attenuated distemper virus vaccine, by serum-neutralization test. Eleven healthy Beagle dogs, observed from birth to 30 months old, isolated far from other dogs, received monovalent living attenuated canine distemper vaccine at 75, 105 and 135 days old, and twelve months after the third dose of vaccine. Antibodies development were measured by serum-neutralization immediately before vaccination, at the 30th day after the first and the third dose administration, at the 90th day after the third dose administration, nine and twelve months after the annual dose. There was no canine distemper antibody detectable titer before primevaccination. The antibodies titer ranged from 4,047 to 4,880 neutralizing doses at the 30th day after the first dose administration and six months after annual dose, respectively. All dogs showed a similar response, although with variation, with antibody production of higher antibody titers than 2, which is considered the minimum protection titer. Twelve months after annual revaccination, the majority of the dogs showed high antibody titers, suggesting that annual revaccination could be unnecessary

TUTELA JURÍDICA DOS DIREITOS SOCIAIS EM FORMAÇÃO NA PEC DA “NOVA PREVIDÊNCIA”: UMA ANÁLISE DO TRATAMENTO CONFERIDO ÀS APOSENTADORIAS VOLUNTÁRIAS

O presente trabalho se destina a analisar, no contexto da Proposta de Emenda Constitucional 006/2019, que projeta promover a mais nova reforma nos regimes públicos de previdência, a necessidade de se conferir a tutela jurídica aos direitos sociais em formação, com ênfase para as aposentadorias voluntárias, cujos critérios de elegibilidade são apenas cumpridos após décadas de contribuição. Adotando o método indutivo, identifica a insuficiência de institutos constitucionais, como o direito adquirido, para proteger, em termos de segurança jurídica, os trabalhadores que são afetados por alterações normativas mais restritivas. Identifica as alterações paramétricas que se pretende estabelecer com a “Nova Previdência”, analisando as novas regras transitórias oferecidas na perspectiva da necessária proteção da confiança dos trabalhadores filiados aos sistemas previdenciários, apontando violações à segurança jurídica. Partindo de apontamentos dogmáticos relativos à proteção constitucional da segurança jurídica, critica a conservadora tese ainda prestigiada pela Suprema Corte brasileira, segundo a qual inexiste direito adquirido a regime jurídico e, por consequência, nenhuma tutela jurídica pode ser conferida aos direitos em formação, por ela considerados como meras expectativas de direito. Licenç

Valoração ecológica aplicada a áreas de preservação permanente.

Este trabalho aplica os conceitos da Avaliação Emergética e da Avaliação Funcional dos Ecossistemas para estimar os valores associados à manutenção de Áreas de Preservação Permanente diante de uma perspectiva ecológica; as áreas de estudo estão conservadas em pequenas propriedades rurais no interior do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram valorados seis Serviços Ambientais: (1) o Serviço de fornecimento de água e nutrientes para os riachos; (2) o Serviço de recarga de aqüíferos; (3) o Serviço de regulação do clima; (4) o Serviço de fornecimento de alimento para a fauna e flora silvestre dos ecossistemas vizinhos; (5) o Serviço de polinização, controle biológico, aumento da fertilidade e da produtividade do sistema; (6) o Serviço fixação de carbono e regulação da composição química da atmosfera. Os valores totais dos serviços anuais, para os fragmentos de 7, 25, 75 e 200 anos respectivamente, somam R$3.376,13, R$ 3.534,86, R$4.015,95 e R$ 4.712,06. As Áreas de Preservação Permanente são importantes para sustentabilidade de processos produtivos que usufruem, diretamente, dos diferentes Serviços Ambientais prestados por estas áreas e para a manutenção do bem estar das populações humanas

Portuguese translation and Brazilian cultural adaptation of the Assessment of Burden in Chronic Venous Disease questionnaire (ABC-V)

 Introduction: The Assessment of Burden in Chronic Venous Disease questionnaire (ABC-V) is a valuable tool for assessing the impact that chronic venous disease (CVD) has on patients’ quality of life (QL). There was a need for a translated and adapted version suitable for use in the Brazilian population. CVD is becoming a public health issue as the incidence and prevalence are high. The ABC-V can be used to collect information on patients’ QL and thus the development of a Brazilian version that facilitates research into the CVD population.  Objective: To provide translation and cultural validation of the Assessment of Burden in Chronic-Venous Disease (ABC-V) questionnaire for the Portuguese language.  Methods: The ABC-V was translated into Portuguese by two bilingual translators working independently. The translators then created a consensus version, which was translated back into English by two native English speakers. Finally all the versions were analysed by a committee of with expertise in translation and the two cultures involved. The committee produced a draft Portuguese-language version which was tested in a pilot sample of between 30 and 40 people. The committee evaluated feedback from the pilot sample on the clarity and comprehensibility of the draft version.  Results: The draft version was completed by 31 patients at the Chronic Venous Diseases Department of Padre Anchieta’s Teaching Hospital. With the analysis of the questionnaires used in the pre-test, it is possible to observe that in English, unlike Portuguese, verbs are often used in the passive tense. It also emerged that there was a need to use more colloquial terms and expressions so that the question would be easier to understand, whilst preserving the meaning of the original items. Changing the tone of the questionnaire in this way should make it more suitable for use with people from a wide range of socioeconomic levels, especially those with lower social status and less education. Because the questions are qualitative rather than quantitative they are more open to interpretation and elicit more subjective responses. This creates an additional difficulty in adapting the questionnaire for the Brazilian cultural context. The data from pilot-testing of the draft version was used to develop a translated and culturally adapted version of the ABC-V using the procedure described by Beaton et al.  Conclusion: A translated and culturally adapted version of the ABC-V suitable for use in Brazil has been developed and can be used to evaluate changes in the QL of Brazilian patients with CVD.  Introduction: The Assessment of Burden in Chronic Venous Disease questionnaire (ABC-V) is a valuable tool for assessing the impact that chronic venous disease (CVD) has on patients’ quality of life (QL). There was a need for a translated and adapted version suitable for use in the Brazilian population. CVD is becoming a public health issue as the incidence and prevalence are high. The ABC-V can be used to collect information on patients’ QL and thus the development of a Brazilian version that facilitates research into the CVD population. Objective: To provide translation and cultural validation of the Assessment of Burden in Chronic-Venous Disease (ABC-V) questionnaire for the Portuguese language. Methods: The ABC-V was translated into Portuguese by two bilingual translators working independently. The translators then created a consensus version, which was translated back into English by two native English speakers. Finally all the versions were analysed by a committee of with expertise in translation and the two cultures involved. The committee produced a draft Portuguese-language version which was tested in a pilot sample of between 30 and 40 people. The committee evaluated feedback from the pilot sample on the clarity and comprehensibility of the draft version.  Results: The draft version was completed by 31 patients at the Chronic Venous Diseases Department of Padre Anchieta’s Teaching Hospital. With the analysis of the questionnaires used in the pre-test, it is possible to observe that in English, unlike Portuguese, verbs are often used in the passive tense. It also emerged that there was a need to use more colloquial terms and expressions so that the question would be easier to understand, whilst preserving the meaning of the original items. Changing the tone of the questionnaire in this way should make it more suitable for use with people from a wide range of socioeconomic levels, especially those with lower social status and less education. Because the questions are qualitative rather than quantitative they are more open to interpretation and elicit more subjective responses. This creates an additional difficulty in adapting the questionnaire for the Brazilian cultural context. The data from pilot-testing of the draft version was used to develop a translated and culturally adapted version of the ABC-V using the procedure described by Beaton et al.  Conclusion: A translated and culturally adapted version of the ABC-V suitable for use in Brazil has been developed and can be used to evaluate changes in the QL of Brazilian patients with CVD

Herbicides applied in pre-emergence to control Ipomoea spp. in sugarcane in dry season

O controle de plantas daninhas por meio da aplicação de herbicidas de longa atividade residual é importante estratégia para a supressão destas em diferentes épocas do ano. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade residual de herbicidas, aplicados em pré-emergência da cana-de-açúcar, sobre o controle de corda-de-viola na época seca, e a seletividade dos herbicidas a cultura da cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi realizado no delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram (g i.a. ha-1): diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron (1.025,1 + 289 + 24,65); amicarbazone (1.050); amicarbazone e aplicação sequencial de isoxaflutole (700 e 60); sulfentrazone (800); imazapic (133); tebuthiuron e aplicação sequencial de isoxaflutole (750 e 60), e uma testemunha sem aplicação de herbicidas. Os herbicidas diuron + hexazinone + hexazinone e amicarbazone causaram níveis de controle de Ipomoea hederifolia de 96% e 92,5%, respectivamente. Já para a Ipomoea quamoclit, todos os herbicidas estudados proporcionaram excelentes níveis de controle. Para a Ipomoea nil, os herbicidas diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron, amicarbazone, amicarbazone e isoxaflutole e o sulfentrazone apresentaram níveis de controle de muito bons a excelente, enquanto que o herbicida tebuthiuron e isoxaflutole apenas bom nível de controle (88,8%) e o imazapic com nível insatisfatório de controle (45%). Portanto, pode-se concluir que os herbicidas diuron + hexazinone + sulfometuron (1025 + 289 + 24,65 g i.a. ha-1), amicarbazone (1050 g i.a. ha-1), sulfentrazone (800 g i.a. ha-1), e as aplicações sequenciais de amicarbazone (700 g i.a. ha-1) e isoxaflutole (60 g i.a. ha-1), podem ser considerados como excelentes alternativas para o controle de diferentes espécies de corda-de-viola (I. hederifolia, I. quamoclit e I. nil), enquanto que o herbicida imazapic (133 g i.a. ha-1) e a aplicação sequencial de tebuthiuron (750 g i.a. ha-1) e isoxaflutole (60 g i.a. ha-1) podem ser considerados como alternativas para o controle apenas de Ipomoea quamoclit quando aplicados em pré-emergência da cultura da cana-de-açúcar na época seca.The weed control through the application of long residual activity of herbicides is important strategy for the removal of these at different times of the year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual activity of herbicides applied pre-emergence of sugarcane on the morning glory of control in the dry season, and the selectivity of the herbicides sugarcane crop. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were (g a.i. ha-1): hexazinone + diuron + sulfometuron (1,025.1 + 289 + 24.65); Amicarbazone (1,050); amicarbazone and sequential application of isoxaflutole (700 and 60); sulfentrazone (800); imazapic (133); tebuthiuron and sequential application of isoxaflutole (750 and 60), and a control without herbicide application. The hexazinone + diuron + hexazinone and amicarbazone caused Ipomoea hederifolia control levels of 96% and 92.5%, respectively. As for the Ipomoea quamoclit, all herbicides studied provided excellent levels of control. For Ipomoea nil, the herbicides hexazinone + diuron + sulfometuron, amicarbazone, amicarbazone and isoxaflutole and sulfentrazone control showed very good to excellent, while tebuthiuron and isoxaflutole herbicides only good level of control (88.8%) and imazapic with unsatisfactory level of control (45%). Therefore, it can be concluded that hexazinone + diuron + sulfometuron (1,025 + 289 + 24.65 g a.i. ha-1), amicarbazone (1050 g a.i. ha-1), sulfentrazone (800 g a.i. ha-1), and the sequential applications amicarbazone (700 g a.i. ha-1) and isoxaflutole (60 g a.i. ha-1), they can be considered as excellent alternatives for the control of different morning glory species (I. hederifolia, I. quamoclit and I. nil), while the imazapic (133 g a.i. ha-1) and the sequential application of tebuthiuron (750 g a.i. ha-1) and isoxaflutole (60g a.i. ha-1) can be considered as alternatives to control only Ipomoea quamoclit when applied in pre emergence of sugarcane crop in the dry season

Molecular epidemiological investigation of Mayaro virus in febrile patients from Goiania City, 2017-2018.

Mayaro virus (MAYV) has historically been associated with sylvatic transmission; however, urban outbreaks have been reported in Brazil, including cases of co-detection with dengue virus (DENV). Therefore, we performed a molecular survey to investigate MAYV circulation and cocirculation with DENV within Goiania, a major city in Central-West Brazil. Among 375 subjects with arbovirus-like symptoms, 259 were positive for DENV and 26 for MAYV. Of these, 17 were coinfected with DENV-2, suggesting co-transmission of the viruses. The most common complaints at the time of inclusion were myalgia, headache, fever, arthralgia, retro-orbital pain, and skin rash. No specific symptoms were associated with MAYV when either detected alone or co-detected with DENV, compared to that when DENV was detected alone. Most MAYV-infected subjects were women with no recent travel history to rural/sylvatic areas. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicated that the MAYV identified in this study is closely related with a lineage observed in Peru, belonging to genotype D. Our results corroborate the growing circulation of MAYV in urban environments in Brazil and reinforce the need to implement laboratory diagnosis in the Unified Health System, considering that the clinical manifestations of Mayaro fever are similar to those of other arboviruses, particularly dengue. Furthermore, most cases occurred in association with DENV-2. Further phylogenetic studies are needed to evaluate MAYV, which has not been widely examined

Food security:reflections on a complex problem

RESUMO. O combate à má alimentação em todas as suas formas, que também se expressa na epidemia da obesidade, é uma das prioridades da Agenda 2030 e dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Este artigo traz elementos sobre insegurança alimentar no Brasil, a partir de temas relativos ao crescimento populacional, mudanças climáticas, biodiversidade e sistemas alimentares tradicionais e regenerativos; trata também do papel dos movimentos sociais para a garantia do Direito Humano à Alimentação Adequada. O Grupo de Pesquisa em Nutrição e Pobreza, o Saúde Planetária Brasil, e o Centro de Inteligência Artificial (C4AI) - Eixo AgriBio, entendem que a retomada organizada e sistêmica das frentes apontadas neste artigo de posicionamento, pode constituir um caminho para a articulação entre pesquisa, serviço e políticas públicas na direção do combate à fome e às demais manifestações da má alimentação, enquanto problema complexo prioritário para a garantia do bem-estar social