859 research outputs found

    Highlights from the Third International Society for Computational Biology Student Council Symposium at the Fifteenth Annual International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology

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    RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are.Abstract In this meeting report we give an overview of the 3rd International Society for Computational Biology Student Council Symposium. Furthermore, we explain the role of the Student Council and the symposium series in the context of large, international conferences.Published versio

    Cadmium and arsenic-induced-stress differentially modulates Arabidopsis root architecture, peroxisome distribution, enzymatic activities and their nitric oxide content

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    In plant cells, cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) exert toxicity mainly by inducing oxidative stress through an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and their detoxification. Nitric oxide (NO) is a RNS acting as signalling molecule coordinating plant development and stress responses, but also as oxidative stress inducer, depending on its cellular concentration. Peroxisomes are versatile organelles involved in plant metabolism and signalling, with a role in cellular redox balance thanks to their antioxidant enzymes, and their RNS (mainly NO) and ROS. This study analysed Cd or As effects on peroxisomes, and NO production and distribution in the root system, including primary root (PR) and lateral roots (LRs). Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and transgenic plants enabling peroxisomes to be visualized in vivo, through the expression of the 35S-cyan fluorescent protein fused to the peroxisomal targeting signal1 (PTS1) were used. Peroxisomal enzymatic activities including the antioxidant catalase, the H2O2-generating glycolate oxidase, and the hydroxypyruvate reductase, and root system morphology were also evaluated under Cd/As exposure. Results showed that Cd and As differently modulate these activities, however, catalase activity was inhibited by both. Moreover, Arabidopsis root system was altered, with the pollutants differently affecting PR growth, but similarly enhancing LR formation. Only in the PR apex, and not in LR one, Cd more than As caused significant changes in peroxisome distribution, size, and in peroxisomal NO content. By contrast, neither pollutant caused significant changes in peroxisomes size and peroxisomal NO content in the LR apex

    The reception in Spain of African literature written in English: Statistical data generation using the specialised bibliographic database BDÁFRICA

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    El presente artículo examina la recepción de la literatura africana en lengua inglesa en España basándonos en BDÁFRICA, una base de datos bibliográfica que recoge obras de autores nacidos en África y publicadas en español y en España entre 1972 y 2014. Se ofrece una reflexión crítica de las dificultades para definir la literatura africana como objeto de estudio, debido a su complejidad y heterogeneidad. Se propone, además, un conciso recorrido historiográfico por la conformación del canon de dicha literatura que se ha realizado desde Occidente. Asimismo, se demuestra la falta de estudios estadísticos sobre la recepción de literatura africana en lengua inglesa en España. Respondiendo a esta necesidad, el objetivo del artículo es detallar y analizar los datos estadísticos inéditos que proporciona la base de datos, adoptando una metodología descriptiva. Los resultados de este estudio, que aporta datos cuantitativos y cualitativos fiables y novedosos, son originales en tanto en cuanto reflejan y señalan los problemas de la traducción de la literatura africana en lengua inglesa en España. BDÁFRICA, que es gratuita y está disponible en red, pretende ser un recurso y una fuente que estimule el desarrollo de la investigación en literatura poscolonial en España. Sin duda, esta base de datos bibliográfica especializada es una herramienta muy valiosa, especialmente para investigadores, traductores y editoriales interesados en literatura africana.English translation of abstract: This paper explores the reception in Spain of African literature written originally in English by focusing on BDÁFRICA, a bibliographical database of works of fiction by African-born authors published in Spain, in Spanish between 1972 and 2014. It provides a critical reflection on the constraints of defining the object of study when African literature is discussed, due to the complexity and heterogeneity of such literature. It also proposes a concise historiographical journey through the Western canon formation of African literature in English. Additionally, it evidences the lack of quantitative studies on the reception in Spain of African literature in English. To cater to this need, the aim of this paper is to report and analyse the groundbreaking statistical data the database itself provides by following a descriptive approach. The findings of this study, which provides reliable and unprecedented quantitative and qualitative data, are original in the sense that they map and highlight the problems of the reception of African literature in English, and translated in Spain. This shows BDÁFRICA, which is free and available online, as a primary (re)source for work to pave the way for the development of postcolonial literature research in Spain. This specialised bibliographical database is undoubtedly an invaluable tool, especially for researchers, translators and publishing houses interested in African literature.Published versio

    Comparing post-editing difficulty of different machine translation errors in Spanish and German translations from English

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    Post-editing (PE) of Machine Translation (MT) is an increasingly popular way to integrate MT in the professional translation workflow, as it increases productivity and income. However, the quality of MT is not always good enough to blindly choose PE over translation from scratch. This article studies the PE of different error types and compares indicators of PE difficulty in English-to-Spanish and English-to-German translations. The results show that the indicators in question 1) do not correlate between each other for all error types, and 2) differ between languages

    BDAFRICA: Design and implementation of a database of Postcolonial African literature published in Spain

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    Este trabajo demuestra que no existe un repositorio que incluya los autores poscoloniales africanos publicados hasta el momento en España y que permita, por ende, realizar estudios cuantitativos y cualitativos del impacto de esta literatura con la precisión deseable. Esto supone una carencia tanto para investigaciones académicas como para el sector editorial a la hora de analizar tendencias de selección y recepción en el mercado. Ante esta situación, el objetivo primordial de este trabajo es diseñar e implementar una base de datos, basada en MySQL y delimitada por unos parámetros muy concretos, que recoja todas las obras de autores africanos publicadas en castellano en España entre 1972 (año en que España se unió al sistema ISBN) y 2014. Tras determinar unos criterios de diseño y unos protocolos de compilación específcos, el desarrollo metodológico se ha dividido en cuatro fases: recopilación, almacenamiento, tratamiento y difusión de los datos. Así, la base de datos BDÁFRICA consigue un doble objetivo: por un lado, proporciona a los investigadores datos fables en los que basar sus estudios y, por otro, permitiría ofrecer por primera vez datos estadísticos de la evolución de la publicación de obras de autores africanos en España en los últimos 42 años.English version of abstract: This paper evidences the absence of a repository or database that scompiles the publications of Postcolonial African writing in Spain, thus precluding comprehensive quantitative or qualitative studies on the impact of these works. This is a significant obstacle for both academic research and the book market, which up to now has been unable to analyse market selection and reception trends. To cater for this need, the aim of this paper is to describe the design and implementation of a relational database, based on MySQL and set up using specific and accurate parameters, that includes all the literary works penned by African writers and published in Spain and in Spanish from 1972 (when Spain first joined the ISBN system) to 2014. After determining a number of specific design criteria and compilation protocols, the methodology has been divided into four steps: data collection, storage, statistical processing and online dissemination. Thus, the database BDAFRICA achieves a twofold objective: firstly, it provides researchers with unbiased data as a framework for their studies, and secondly, it offers unprecedented statistics on the evolution of the publication of African literature in Spain over the last 42 years.Published versio

    Elaboración de un sistema de indicadores de evaluación de la calidad docente del Profesorado Universitario

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    The work that here is presented it supposes the design of a model of indicators of evaluation of the university faculty's educational quality starting from the tools contributed by different Spansh university institutions and the later creation of a protocol of evaluation of the educational activity to execute for the receiver of their activity, the pupil. Their utility resides in the own knowledge of the professor, as well as in the design and elaboration of proposals for the improvement of its educational work.El trabajo que aquí se presenta supone el diseño de un modelo de indicadores de evaluación de la calidad docente del Profesorado universitario a partir de las herramientas aportadas por diferentes instituciones universitarias españolas y la posterior creación de un protocolo de evaluación de la docencia a cumplimentar por el receptor de su actividad, el Alumnado. Su utilidad radica en el autoconocimiento del profesional, así como en el diseño y elaboración de propuestas para la mejora de su labor docente

    Generación de un instrumento de evaluación de Centros para una Europa en convergencia desde la perspectiva del profesorado universitario

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    The work that here is presented supposes the second phase of a study initiate in the academic course 2002/2003 whose basic objective is the generation of an evaluation instrument of centers from the perspective of the different members of the university. This second moment is the validation of this questionnaire for the teachers, together with the information already contributed by the students, it will serve to configure a system with the key elements about that to formulate an institution of quality.Inmersos en el proceso de los títulos y las instituciones al espacio común europeo, el trabajo que aquí se presenta supone la segunda fase de un estudio iniciado en el curso académico 2002/2003 cuyo objetivo básico es la generación de un instrumento de evaluación de centros universitarios desde la perspectiva de los diferentes miembros de la comunidad universitaria. Este segundo momento se centra en la validación de dicha encuesta poro parte del personal docente e investigador que, junto con la información ya aportada por el alumnado, servirá de base para configurar un sistema con los elementos clave sobre los que formular una institución de calidad

    Creación y desarrollo de un instrumento de evaluación de la calidad de los Centros universitarios

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    In view of the studies carried out on evaluation of the educational quality and keeping in mind the characteristics of the different used tools, we are aware of the necessity of contributing a new instrument where the source of information is people. From this position, the objetive that guides this work has been the design of a tool of evaluation of centers educational university students, assisting to the context and the necessities of the same ones from the perspective of the pupil, so that he/she helps us to design continuous processes that propitiate the development of the implied audiences and of the own organization like institution.A la vista de los estudios realizados sobre evaluación de la calidad educativa y teniendo en cuenta las características de las diferentes herramientas utilizadas, somos conscientes de la necesidad de aportar un nuevo instrumento en el que la fuente de información sean las personas. Desde este planteamiento, el objetivo que ha guiado nuestro trabajo ha sido el diseñar una herramienta de evaluación de centros docentes universitarios, atendiendo al contexto y a las necesidades de los mismos desde la perspectiva del Alumnado, buscando la definición de procesos continuos que propicien el desarrollo de las audiencias implicadas y de las propia organización como institución

    Un conjunto de estructuras de combustión en la H.88/21 del poblado protohistórico del Alto de la Cruz (Cortes de Navarra)

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    La secuencia cronoestratigráfica del poblado de la Primera Edad del Hierro del Alto de la Cruz (Cortes de Navarra) constituye un punto de referencia básico para la estructuración del poblamiento en el valle medio del Ebro. Se analiza el tipo constructivo de la fase más antigua del mismo y, en especial, un conjunto de estructuras de combustión documentadas en la H.88/21.The cronostratigraphyc sequency of the Early Iron Age town of Alto de la Cruz (Cortes de Navarra) is a basic reference point for the structure of settlement in the middle walley of Ebro. This paper studies the constructive tipes of the most early occupational phase and, specially, a fireplace' s group of the H.88/21
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