A agropecuária na economia brasileira: uma análise de insumo-produto

The objective of this paper is to show empirically the importance of the farming in the Brazilian productive structure. For this, the model of input-output was used, since this technique makes possible to check the connections between the productive sectors through the indexes of Rasmussen-Hirschman, fields of influence and pure rates of connection, as well as to determine the variations effects in the final demand on the variables analyzed through the multipliers. The empirical results showed the importance of the farming for the Brazilian economy, standing outas important buyer of goods and services and important supplier of inputs for other sectors, which shows its importance of being a supplier of raw material for the development of the non agricultural sector and important consumer market for the industrialized products. However, by the optics of the multipliers, the farming sector produces relatively fewer jobs and, consequently, less income in the economy. On the other hand, there is a great capacity of job and income multiplication in other demanding activities of inputs from agriculture.Key words: agricultural sector, input-output, multipliers.O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar, de forma empírica, a importância da agropecuária na estrutura produtiva brasileira. Para isso, utilizou-se o modelo de insumo-produto, já que este instrumental possibilita verificar as ligações entre os setores produtivos por meio dos índices de Rasmussen-Hirschman, campos de influência e índices puros de ligação. O modelo também possibilita determinar os efeitos de variações na demanda final sobre as variáveis analisadas por meio dos multiplicadores. Os resultados empíricos mostram a importância da agropecuária para a economia brasileira, como importante compradora de bens e serviços e geradora de insumos para os demais setores, o que evidencia seu papel de fornecedora de matéria-prima para o desenvolvimento do setor não agrícola e de importante mercado consumidor para os produtos industrializados. No entanto, pela ótica dos multiplicadores, o setor agropecuário gera relativamente menos empregos e, consequentemente, menos renda direta na economia. Em contrapartida, há uma elevada capacidade de multiplicação do emprego e da renda nas demais atividades de mandantes de insumos da produção agropecuária, tais como a indústria de transformação e a indústria extrativa mineral.Palavras-chave: setor agropecuário, insumo-produto, multiplicadores

Clima Laboral y Calidad de Servicio en la Empresa ATC MULTISERVICIOS E.I.R.L – Lima Perú

El presente trabajo de investigación en el marco del clima laboral y la calidad de servicio en la empresa ATC Multiservicios E.I.R.L, en el contexto de la organización, hemos tomado como referencia las investigaciones directas y bibliográficas tomando como un recurso fundamental el desarrollo humano de la empresa, encontrando factores del clima laboral que fueron decisivos para determinar que el clima no es el mejor. Encontrándose un clima laboral no favorable para el logro de objetivos positivos de la empresa ATC Multiservicios E.I.R.L, dando ello como resultado que el control que ejerce administración no sea el idóneo para la empresa, hecho que se refleja también en la mayoría de organizaciones que están enfocadas en la búsqueda de un desarrollo óptimo del personal, la empresa y el cliente. Específicamente en el caso de nuestra investigación en la mencionada empresa, se ha detectado las siguientes falencias: no existe una buena calidad de servicio y existe un mal clima laboral, ante tales circunstancias los colaboradores manifiestan dificultades en realizar sus actividades generando insatisfacción del cliente.In the present work of investigation of the labor climate and the quality of service in the company ATC Multiservice EIRL, in the context of the company, taking as a reference the bibliographic researches and seeing as a fundamental resource of the company the human, we find factors of the climate that were decisive in determining that the climate is not the best. Therefore, a work environment is created that is not very favorable for the achievement of objectives in the company ATC Multiservice EIRL, and this makes that the control exercised by the administrator is not the ideal one for most organizations that are focused on an optimal development of your staff as well as the company and the client. As a result, the aforementioned company does not have a good quality of service and has a bad work climate. For this reason, employees seeing this situation manifest difficulty in carrying out their activities and generate customer dissatisfaction.Trabajo de investigació

Clima Laboral y Calidad de Servicio en la Empresa ATC MULTISERVICIOS E.I.R.L – Lima Perú

El presente trabajo de investigación en el marco del clima laboral y la calidad de servicio en la empresa ATC Multiservicios E.I.R.L, en el contexto de la organización, hemos tomado como referencia las investigaciones directas y bibliográficas tomando como un recurso fundamental el desarrollo humano de la empresa, encontrando factores del clima laboral que fueron decisivos para determinar que el clima no es el mejor. Encontrándose un clima laboral no favorable para el logro de objetivos positivos de la empresa ATC Multiservicios E.I.R.L, dando ello como resultado que el control que ejerce administración no sea el idóneo para la empresa, hecho que se refleja también en la mayoría de organizaciones que están enfocadas en la búsqueda de un desarrollo óptimo del personal, la empresa y el cliente. Específicamente en el caso de nuestra investigación en la mencionada empresa, se ha detectado las siguientes falencias: no existe una buena calidad de servicio y existe un mal clima laboral, ante tales circunstancias los colaboradores manifiestan dificultades en realizar sus actividades generando insatisfacción del cliente.In the present work of investigation of the labor climate and the quality of service in the company ATC Multiservice EIRL, in the context of the company, taking as a reference the bibliographic researches and seeing as a fundamental resource of the company the human, we find factors of the climate that were decisive in determining that the climate is not the best. Therefore, a work environment is created that is not very favorable for the achievement of objectives in the company ATC Multiservice EIRL, and this makes that the control exercised by the administrator is not the ideal one for most organizations that are focused on an optimal development of your staff as well as the company and the client. As a result, the aforementioned company does not have a good quality of service and has a bad work climate. For this reason, employees seeing this situation manifest difficulty in carrying out their activities and generate customer dissatisfaction.Trabajo de investigació

Crescimento econômico restrito pelo balanço de pagamentos e a evolução das exportações brasileiras: uma análise através da Lei de Thirlwall

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a evolução das exportações e verificar, utilizando a Lei de Thirlwall (1979), se o crescimento da economia brasileira apresentou restrição ao balanço de pagamentos durante o período de 1960 até 2015. Para isso, utiliza-se o método de cointegração de Johansen e o Modelo Vetor de Correção de Erros (VECM). Os resultados mostraram que a taxa de crescimento das exportações, dividido pela elasticidade-renda da demanda das importações, foi proporcional à taxa de crescimento da renda do Brasil, validando a hipótese de crescimento restrito para o País

Crescimento econômico restrito pelo balanço de pagamentos e a evolução das exportações brasileiras: uma análise através da Lei de Thirlwall

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a evolução das exportações e verificar, utilizando a Lei de Thirlwall (1979), se o crescimento da economia brasileira apresentou restrição ao balanço de pagamentos durante o período de 1960 até 2015. Para isso, utiliza-se o método de cointegração de Johansen e o Modelo Vetor de Correção de Erros (VECM). Os resultados mostraram que a taxa de crescimento das exportações, dividido pela elasticidade-renda da demanda das importações, foi proporcional à taxa de crescimento da renda do Brasil, validando a hipótese de crescimento restrito para o País

Cuando la forma importa: uso de un modelo matemático simple para estimar los tamaños de áreas críticas en la conservación.

Pág. 12 – 26, gráficos, tablas, fórmulas, imágenes.In the analysis of anthropogenic impact on the environment arises the question of whether the shapes of preserved habitat fragments play an important role in the conservation of wild species. In this work we use a very simple mathematical model based on a reaction-diffusion equation to analyze the effects of geometric shape and area on the permanence of populations in habitat fragments. Our results indicate that a dimensionless quantity calculated from a combination of biological variables is the main component that determines if the species survives in the preserved fragment and whether its geometric shape is important. We provide a methodology to calculate critical area sizes for which population size is most affected by fragment shape. The methodology is illustrated in a preliminary study, in which the model is used to estimate threshold area sizes for habitat fragments of a threatened species Sapajus xanthosternos.REVISTA DE MODELAMIENTO MATEMÁTICO DE SISTEMAS BIOLÓGICOS - MMSB, VOL. 2, No.

Antibacterial and antiviral properties of Chenopodin-derived synthetic peptides

Antimicrobial peptides have been developed based on plant-derived molecular scaffolds for the treatment of infectious diseases. Chenopodin is an abundant seed storage protein in quinoa, an An-dean plant with high nutritional and therapeutic properties. Here, we used computer- and physico-chemical-based strategies and designed four peptides derived from the primary structure of Che-nopodin. Two peptides reproduce natural fragments of 14 amino acids from Chenopodin, named Chen1 and Chen2 and two engineered peptides of the same length were designed based on the Chen1 sequence. The two amino acids of Chen1 containing amide side chains were replaced by ar-ginine (ChenR) or tryptophan (ChenW) to generate engineered cationic and hydrophobic peptides. The evaluation of these 14-mer peptides on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that Chen1 does not have antibacterial activity up to 512 µM against these strains, while other peptides exhibited antibacterial effects at lower concentrations. The chemical substitutions of glutamine and asparagine by amino acids with cationic or aromatic side chains significantly favoured their antibacterial effects. These peptides did not show significant hemolytic activity. Fluorescence mi-croscopy analysis highlighted the membranolytic nature of Chenopodin-derived peptides. Using molecular dynamic simulations, we found that a pore is formed when multiple peptides are as-sembled in the membrane. Whereas some of them form secondary structures when interacting with the membrane, allowing water translocations during the simulations. Finally, Chen2 and ChenR significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings demonstrate that Chenopodin is a highly useful template for design, engineering, and manufacturing of non-toxic, antibacterial, and antiviral peptides

Diagnostic accuracy of a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: An international case-cohort study

We conducted an international study of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis among a large group of physicians and compared their diagnostic performance to a panel of IPF experts. A total of 1141 respiratory physicians and 34 IPF experts participated. Participants evaluated 60 cases of interstitial lung disease (ILD) without interdisciplinary consultation. Diagnostic agreement was measured using the weighted kappa coefficient (\u3baw). Prognostic discrimination between IPF and other ILDs was used to validate diagnostic accuracy for first-choice diagnoses of IPF and were compared using the Cindex. A total of 404 physicians completed the study. Agreement for IPF diagnosis was higher among expert physicians (\u3baw=0.65, IQR 0.53-0.72, p20 years of experience (C-index=0.72, IQR 0.0-0.73, p=0.229) and non-university hospital physicians with more than 20 years of experience, attending weekly MDT meetings (C-index=0.72, IQR 0.70-0.72, p=0.052), did not differ significantly (p=0.229 and p=0.052 respectively) from the expert panel (C-index=0.74 IQR 0.72-0.75). Experienced respiratory physicians at university-based institutions diagnose IPF with similar prognostic accuracy to IPF experts. Regular MDT meeting attendance improves the prognostic accuracy of experienced non-university practitioners to levels achieved by IPF experts