Influence of bioturbation by the polychaete Nereis diversicolor on the structure of bacterial communities in oil contaminated coastal sediments

Patterns of change in the structure of bacterial communities monitored by ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) in oil contaminated sediments inhabited or not by the marine polychaete Nereis diversicolor were studied during 45 days under laboratory conditions. Results supported by principal component analysis showed a marked response of the bacterial communities to the oil contamination and to the presence of N. diversicolor. Phylogenetic affiliation of specific RISA bands showed that, in the contaminated sediments, the presence of the marine polychaetes favoured the development of bacteria which may play an active role in natural bioremediation processes of oil polluted environments

Facilitators and Barriers of Electronic Health Record Patient Portal Adoption by Older Adults: A Literature Study

Patient portal usage by older adults, patients aged 50 years old and above, is intended to improve their access and quality of care. Acceptance of patient portals by this target group is low. This paper discusses the results of a literature review to determine the facilitators and barriers that drive or inhibit older patients to adopt patient portals. Articles were included when they described an acceptance, adoption or usability evaluation study of a patient portal. From a total of 245 potentially relevant articles, 8 articles were finally included. We used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) as a classification model to analyze factors influencing older adults' acceptance of patient portals. Main facilitators for acceptance were 'performance expectancy' and 'voluntariness of use' related to a higher level of education and experienced health. Main barriers were limited health literacy and motivation related to involuntariness to use a patient portal. Poor facilitation conditions (limited technology access and no prior knowledge on existence of a patient portal) hampered access to a portal. More thorough insight into the latter is needed to improve the reach and effectiveness of patient portals among older patients

High-throughput Sequencing Analysis of the Actinobacterial Spatial Diversity in Moonmilk Deposits

Moonmilk are cave carbonate deposits that host a rich microbiome, including antibiotic-producing Actinobacteria, making these speleothems appealing for bioprospecting. Here, we investigated the taxonomic profile of the actinobacterial community of three moonmilk deposits of the cave “Grotte des Collemboles” via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. Actinobacteria was the most common phylum after Proteobacteria, ranging from 9% to 23% of the total bacterial population. Next to actinobacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) attributed to uncultured organisms at the genus level (~44%), we identified 47 actinobacterial genera with Rhodoccocus (4 OTUs, 17%) and Pseudonocardia (9 OTUs, ~16%) as the most abundant in terms of the absolute number of sequences. Streptomycetes presented the highest diversity (19 OTUs, 3%), with most of the OTUs unlinked to the culturable Streptomyces strains that were previously isolated from the same deposits. Furthermore, 43% of the OTUs were shared between the three studied collection points, while 34% were exclusive to one deposit, indicating that distinct speleothems host their own population, despite their nearby localization. This important spatial diversity suggests that prospecting within different moonmilk deposits should result in the isolation of unique and novel Actinobacteria. These speleothems also host a wide range of non-streptomycetes antibiotic-producing genera, and should therefore be subjected to methodologies for isolating rare Actinobacteria

Premiers regards sur le génome d’une bactérie lactique originale : structure, polymorphisme et analyse génétique ciblée du chromosome de Lactobacillus sakei 23K

National audienc

La biopréservation: une stratégie d’avenir pour la conservation des aliments

N° d'article 201511121820La demande grandissante des consommateurs pour des produits alimentaires à teneur réduite en conservateurs pousse les industriels de l’agroalimentaire à rechercher des méthodes de conservation alternatives. Dans ce contexte, la bioprotection s’impose comme un procédé à fort potentiel. Cette technique consiste à inoculer sur les aliments des cultures de bactéries protectrices. Celles-ci, par l’intermédiaire de plusieurs mécanismes, vont inhiber la croissance de bactéries pathogènes et d’altération telles que Listeria monocytogenes et Salmonella. Cependant, cette technique n’a pas d’effet sur les spores bactériennes. Ainsi, l’objet central du projet de recherche ANR BlacHP vise à inactiver ces formes résistantes, notamment en combinant la biopréservation avec un procédé de traitement par hautes pressions hydrostatiques