3,7-Bis(dialkylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium derivatives: biomedical applications and biological activity

The light-induced reactions of 3,7-bis(dialkylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium compounds with biological substrates are briefly discussed. Their biomedical applications, in particular those related with biological staining, interaction with proteins and antiviral, antibacterial and antitumour activity are reviewed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Improvement of bagasse fiber–cement composites by addition of bacterial nanocellulose: an inverse gas chromatography study

The design of green fiber-reinforced nanocomposites with enhanced properties and dura bility has attracted attention from scientists. The present study aims to investigate the potential of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) as a green additive for fiber–cement composites. Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) was used to evaluate the influence of incorpo ration of BNC as powder or gel, or coated onto the bagasse fibers, on the fiber–cement composite (FCC) surface. The results indicated that BNC incorporation made the FCC surface more reactive, increasing the dispersive component of the surface energy. The most relevant effects were found for BNC incorporation as gel or coated on the fibers. Incorporation of BNC as gel resulted in a predominantly organic FCC surface with substantial decreased surface basicity (Ka/Kb ratio from 2.88 to 5.75). IGC also showed that FCC with BNC incorporated as gel was more susceptible to hydration. However, BNC coated on fibers prevented fiber mineralization, increasing the inorganic materi als at the surface, which caused an increase in the surface basicity (Ka/Kb ratio decrease to 2.00). These promising results could contribute to development of a new generation of green hybrid composites. The IGC technique enabled understanding of the physicochem ical changes that occur on deliberate introduction of nanosized bacterial cellulose into fiber–cement composites.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prevalence And Intensity Of Haemoproteus Columbae In Three Species Of Wild Doves From Brazil.

The prevalence and intensity of blood parasites in three species of wild doves were studied in the municipality of Junqueirópolis, in the western region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Three species of doves were surveyed: 331 specimens of Zenaida auriculata Des Murs, 1847, 62 specimens of Columbina talpacoti Temminck, 1811 and 57 specimens of Scardafella squammata Lesson, 1831. Haemoproteus columbae Kruse, 1890 was found in blood from all the doves species. The prevalence of this parasite was 100% in Z. auriculata, 51.6% in C. talpacoti and 19.3% in S. squammata. Specimens of Z. auriculata had a higher intensity of infection than the other doves species.96175-

O sofrimento no doente crónico

Cada vez mais a doença crónica é uma realidade revelando uma importância acrescida em termos de saúde pública pois, devido à sua irreversibilidade, tem repercussões na vida da pessoa: pessoais, socioeconómicas, psicológicas e espirituais, o que implica sem dúvida grande sofrimento. Valores humanistas altruístas devem ser a base dos profissionais que cuidam. Ajudar os profissionais de saúde à reflexão sobre o sofrimento do doente crónico, nomeadamente: ilustrar as fontes e as formas de sofrimento na doença crónica; e esclarecer quais as principais intervenções junto à pessoa em sofrimento. Revisão da literatura, tendo por finalidade identificar o estado da arte sobre a temática. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica existente desde 2010, online, baseada em livros, Dissertações de Licenciatura, de Mestrado, de Doutoramento e artigos disponíveis, tendo utilizado as palavras-chave: doença crónica, cuidados continuados e paliativos, sofrimento na doença. Resultados: Seleção de 11 referências bibliográficas que contextualizam diretamente a temática a estudar. Segundo os vários autores, doença crónica “é uma doença de duração prolongada e progressão lenta e descreve quadros crónicos como sendo problemas de saúde que exigem tratamento continuado ao longo de um período de anos ou décadas”. Sofrimento é um “estado de desconforto severo associado a uma ameaça à integridade da sua pessoa como ser biopsicossocial, envolvendo a construção de significados profundamente pessoais, acompanhados de uma forte carga afetiva e que são passíveis de modificar esse sofrimento”. Dor e sofrimento não são a mesma coisa, podendo existir sofrimento sem dor e vice-versa. Gera reações variadas dependendo do significado atribuído à “ameaça” e do contexto em que a pessoa se encontra inserida. As Fontes de Sofrimento encontradas foram: Perda da autonomia e dependência de terceiros; Sintomas mal controlados; Alterações da imagem corporal; Perda de sentido da vida; Perda da dignidade; Perda de papéis sociais e de estatuto; Perda de regalias económicas; Alterações nas relações interpessoais; Modificação de expectativas e planos futuros e Abandono. As Formas de Sofrimento foram: Sofrimento Espiritual; Sofrimento Psicológico (Emocional ou Mental); Sofrimento Relacional (Social ou Familiar); Sofrimento Físico. As Intervenções Junto à Pessoa em Sofrimento devem incidir sobre os seguintes aspetos: Controlo dos sintomas- devendo recorrer-se tanto a medidas farmacológicas como não farmacológicas; Comunicação adequada- Escutar sem julgar e avaliar a linguagem não-verbal bem como as reações emocionais; Apoio à família- Avaliar as suas necessidades, realizando conferências familiares. É importante a sua validação dos cuidados prestados. Importa não esquecer eventuais conflitos passados e não resolvidos, não julgando estas relações; Trabalho em equipa- Intervir na dignidade e no sentido da vida

Bentonite from Porto Santo Island, Madeira Archipelago: surface properties studied by inverse gas chromatography

The present paper shows the importance of Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) for the determination of the surface properties of bentonites. These properties are dispersive surface energy, acid-base properties, surface heterogeneity, sorption isotherms, BET surface areas and heat of sorption, using different probe molecules. IGC can contribute to the interpretation, prediction and optimization of the studied materials’ properties. The paper focuses on two distinctive bentonite samples from Porto Santo Island, Madeira archipelago. In view of their potential value, achieved through their incorporation in products for dermopharmacy and dermocosmetics, particle size and particle surface properties are of fundamental importance.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cork suberin as a new source of chemicals: 2. crystallinity, thermal and rheological properties

Suberin samples, obtained by alkaline methanolysis from cork (Quercus suber L.), were submitted to various physical characterizations; DSC, TGA, optical microscopy, density and rheological properties. A sub stantial proportion of these oligomers possessed a microcrystalline character with a melting range between 0 and 50°C. The amorphous part was liquid at room temperature and did not display a detectable glass transition upon cooling because of its wide molecular weight distribution. The viscous behaviour of suberin at room temperature was both plastic and thixotropic because of the structuring role of the microcrystals.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Eimeria Curvata N. Sp.(apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) In Columbina Talpacoti And Scardafella Squammata (aves: Columbidae) From Brazil.

Eimeria curvata is a new coccidian described in the doves Columbina talpacoti and Scardafella squammata from western of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The oocysts are ovoid to ellipsoid, 18.3 (17-19) microm x 15.5 (15-17) microm, with a shape index of 1.2 (1.1-1.3). The wall is colorless, smooth and double-layered. A polar granule is present, but there is no micropyle or oocyst residuum. The sporocysts are elongate, 12.3 (11.5-13) microm x 5.8 (5.5-6) microm with a curved anterior portion and a smooth, thin, single-layered wall. The Stieda body is protuberant and nipple-like; there is no substieda body. The sporozoites lie head-to-tail in the sporocyst and contain a large refractile body at the extremities. The sporocyst residuum contains small granules uniformly distributed in the middle of the sporocyst. The prevalence of E. curvata n. sp. was 17.4% and 12.8% in C. talpacoti and S. squammata, respectively.9553-

Urethanes and polyurethanes from suberin 2: synthesis and characterization

Polyurethanes based on suberin from cork of Quercus suber L. and conventional isocyanate monomers were prepared and fully characterized in terms of both structure (FTIR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy) and thermal properties (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis). Two fractions were systematically isolated, namely (i) methylene-chloride soluble products, which corresponded to linear and branched macromolecules and (ii) methylene-chloride insoluble products, representing the crosslinked material. The structures of these polymers were regular and no appreciable side reactions were detected. DSC analyses provided information about the glass transition temperature of both fractions and this parameter was correlated with the stiffness of the isocyanate used. The TGA of these polyurethanes showed that they started to degrade at about 175°C and that the residue at 400°C was around 50%. The highest amounts of insoluble fractions, as well as the highest Tgs, were reached when an initial [NCO]/[OH] of unity was used.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio