14,427 research outputs found
Electrokinetic and hydrodynamic properties of charged-particles systems: From small electrolyte ions to large colloids
Dynamic processes in dispersions of charged spherical particles are of
importance both in fundamental science, and in technical and bio-medical
applications. There exists a large variety of charged-particles systems,
ranging from nanometer-sized electrolyte ions to micron-sized charge-stabilized
colloids. We review recent advances in theoretical methods for the calculation
of linear transport coefficients in concentrated particulate systems, with the
focus on hydrodynamic interactions and electrokinetic effects. Considered
transport properties are the dispersion viscosity, self- and collective
diffusion coefficients, sedimentation coefficients, and electrophoretic
mobilities and conductivities of ionic particle species in an external electric
field. Advances by our group are also discussed, including a novel
mode-coupling-theory method for conduction-diffusion and viscoelastic
properties of strong electrolyte solutions. Furthermore, results are presented
for dispersions of solvent-permeable particles, and particles with non-zero
hydrodynamic surface slip. The concentration-dependent swelling of ionic
microgels is discussed, as well as a far-reaching dynamic scaling behavior
relating colloidal long- to short-time dynamics
Ergodic Transport Theory, periodic maximizing probabilities and the twist condition
The present paper is a follow up of another one by A. O. Lopes, E. Oliveira
and P. Thieullen which analyze ergodic transport problems. Our main focus will
a more precise analysis of case where the maximizing probability is unique and
is also a periodic orbit.
Consider the shift T acting on the Bernoulli space \Sigma={1, 2, 3,..,
d}^\mathbb{N} A:\Sigma \to \mathbb{R} a Holder potential.
Denote m(A)=max_{\nu is an invariant probability for T} \int A(x) \; d\nu(x)
and, \mu_{\infty,A}, any probability which attains the maximum value. We assume
this probability is unique (a generic property). We denote \T the bilateral
shift. For a given potential Holder A:\Sigma \to \mathbb{R}, we say that a
Holder continuous function W: \hat{\Sigma} \to \mathbb{R} is a involution
kernel for A, if there is a Holder function A^*:\Sigma \to \mathbb{R}, such
that, A^*(w)= A\circ \T^{-1}(w,x)+ W \circ \T^{-1}(w,x) - W(w,x). We say that
A^* is a dual potential of A. It is true that m(A)=m(A^*). We denote by V the
calibrated subaction for A, and, V^* the one for A^*. We denote by I^* the
deviation function for the family of Gibbs states for \beta A, when \beta \to
\infty.
For each x we get one (more than one) w_x such attains the supremum above.
That is, solutions of V(x) = W(w_x,x) - V^* (w_x)- I^*(w_x).
A pair of the form (x,w_x) is called an optimal pair. If \T is the shift
acting on (x,w) \in {1, 2, 3,.., d}^\mathbb{Z}, then, the image by \T^{-1} of
an optimal pair is also an optimal pair.
Theorem - Generically, in the set of Holder potentials A that satisfy
(i) the twist condition,
(ii) uniqueness of maximizing probability which is supported in a periodic
orbit, the set of possible optimal w_x, when x covers the all range of possible
elements x in \in \Sigma, is finite
Comment on Ricci Collineations of Static Spherically Symmetric Spacetimes
We present a counter example to a theorem given by Amir {\em et al.} J. Math.
Phys. {\bf 35}, 3005 (1994). We also comment on a misleading statements of the
same reference.Comment: 4 pages,LaTex fil
Variable stars in the globular cluster M28 (NGC 6626)
We present a new search for variable stars in the Galactic globular cluster
M28 (NGC 6626). The search is based on a series of BVI images obtained with the
SMARTS Consortium's 1.3m telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory,
Chile. The search was carried out using the ISIS v2.2 image subtraction
package. We find a total of 25 variable stars in the field of the cluster, 9
being new discoveries. Of the newly found variables, 1 is an ab-type RR Lyrae
star, 6 are c-type RR Lyrae, and 2 are long-period/semi-regular variables. V22,
previously classified as a type II Cepheid, appears as a bona-fide RRc in our
data. In turn, V20, previously classified as an ab-type RR Lyrae, could not be
properly phased with any reasonable period. The properties of the ab-type RR
Lyrae stars in M28 appear most consistent with an Oosterhoff-intermediate
classification, which is unusual for bona-fide Galactic globulars clusters.
However, the cluster's c-type variables do not clearly support such an
Oosterhoff type, and a hybrid Oosterhoff I/II system is accordingly another
possibility, thus raising the intriguing possibility of multiple populations
being present in M28. Coordinates, periods, and light curves in differential
fluxes are provided for all the detected variables.Comment: A&A, in pres
Influence of Quaternary Benzophenantridine and Protopine Alkaloids on Growth Performance, Dietary Energy, Carcass Traits, Visceral Mass, and Rumen Health in Finishing Ewes under Conditions of Severe Temperature-humidity Index.
Twenty PelibueyĂKatahdin ewes (35±2.3 kg) were used to determine the effects of the consumption of standardized plant extract containing a mixture of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids and protopine alkaloids (QBA+PA) on growth performance, dietary energetics, visceral mass, and ruminal epithelial health in heat-stressed ewes fed with a high-energy corn-based diet. The basal diet (13.9% crude protein and 2.09 Mcal of net energy [NE] of maintenance/kg of dry matter) contained 49.7% starch and 15.3% neutral detergent fiber. Source of QBA+PA was Sangrovit RS (SANG) which contains 3 g of quaternary benzophenathridine and protopine alkaloids per kg of product. Treatments consisted of a daily consumption of 0 or 0.5 g SANG/ewe. Ewes were grouped by weight and assigned to 10 pens (5 pens/treatment), with two ewes per pen. The experimental period lasted 70 days. The mean temperature humidity index during the course of this experiment was 81.7±1.0 (severe heat stress). There were no treatment effects on water intake. Dry matter intake was not affected (p = 0.70) by treatments, but the group fed SANG had a numerically (11.2%) higher gain in comparison to the control group, SANG improved gain efficiency (8.3%, p = 0.04), dietary NE (5.2%, p<0.01) and the observed-to-expected NE (5.9%, p<0.01). Supplemental SANG did not affect (pâ„0.12) carcass characteristics, chemical composition of shoulder, and organ weights (g/kg empty body weight) of stomach complex, intestines, and heart/lung. Supplemental SANG decreased liver weight (10.3%, p = 0.02) and increased visceral fat (16.9%, p = 0.02). Rumen epithelium of ewes fed SANG had lower scores for cellular dropsical degeneration (2.08 vs 2.34, p = 0.02), parakeratosis (1.30 vs 1.82, p = 0.03) and neutrophil infiltration (2.08 vs 2.86, p = 0.05) than controls. It is concluded that SANG supplementation helped ameliorate the negative effects of severe heat on growth performance of feedlot ewes fed high-energy corn-based diets. Improvement in energetic efficiency may have been mediated, in part, by anti-inflammatory effects of supplemental SANG and corresponding enhancement of nutrient uptake
Completeness of evanescent modes in layered dielectrics
In the presence of a dielectric slab, the modes of the free electromagnetic field comprise traveling modes, consisting of incoming, reflected, and transmitted parts, as well as trapped modes that are subject to repeated total internal reflection and emerge as evanescent field outside the slab. Traveling modes have a continuous range of frequencies, but trapped modes occur only at certain discrete frequencies. We solve the problem of which relative weight to use when summing over all modes, as commonly required in perturbative calculations. We demonstrate the correctness of our method by showing the completeness of electromagnetic field modes in the presence of a dielectric slab. We derive a convenient method of summing over all modes by means of a single contour integral, which is very useful in standard quantum electrodynamic calculations
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