Influência da qualidade de vida percebida do dirigente colombiano sobre suas práticas de liderança

The influence of the leader's perceived quality of life, of his/her health habits and socioeconomic characteristics on his/her leadership practices was assessed. All of these dimensions are included in the framework of the quality of life model as an intervention strategy (Juárez, 2000, 2010). The Leadership Practices Inventory (version by Robles, de la Garza, & Medina, 2008), the Quality of Life Questionnaire -WHO (1998, 2004) and the Health Indicators Questionnaire (Jiménez, Martínez, Miró, & Sánchez, 2008) were administered to 60 participants in charge of personnel. Participants were grouped according to their socioeconomic characteristics. The increase in the overall quality of life and perceived health of the quality of life both augmented the transformational leadership practices of Modeling, Inspiring, Defying and Enabling and the transactional leadership practice of Encouraging. An increase in the perceived health of the Health Indicators Questionnaire augmented the transformational leadership practice of Modeling, while the increase in the behavior associated to alcoholic drinks intake reduced the leadership practice of Defying. No other variable was significant. Different theoretical explanations are discussed.Foi avaliada a influência sobre as práticas de liderança da qualidade de vida percebida do líder, de seus hábitos de saúde e das características socioeconômicas. Todas estas dimensões da qualidade de vida estão incluídas dentro do modelo de qualidade de vida como estratégia de intervenção (Juárez, 2000, 2010). A 60 participantes, com pessoal sob sua responsabilidade foi aplicado o Inventário de Práticas de Liderança (versão de Robles, de la Garza, & Medina, 2008), o questionário de Qualidade de Vida (WHO, 1998, 2004) e o de Indicadores de Saúde (Jiménez, Martínez, Miró, & Sánchez, 2008). Os participantes foram agrupados de acordo com suas características socioeconômicas. O aumento na qualidade de vida geral e a saúde psicológica da qualidade de vida, aumentaram as práticas da liderança transformacional de Modelar, Inspirar Desafiar e Habilitar e a da liderança transacional de Encorajar. O aumento na percepção de saúde do questionário de Indicadores de Saúde aumentou as práticas da liderança transformacional de Modelar, enquanto que o aumento na conduta associada ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas reduziu a prática de liderança de Desafiar. Nenhuma outra variável foi significativa. Discutem-se diferentes explicações teóricas.Se evaluó la influencia sobre las prácticas de liderazgo, de la calidad de vida percibida del líder, de sus hábitos de salud y de las características socioeconómicas. Todas estas dimensiones de la calidad de vida están incluidas dentro del modelo de calidad de vida como estrategia de intervención (Juárez, 2000, 2010). A 60 participantes, con personal a su cargo, se les aplicó el Inventario de Prácticas de Liderazgo (versión de Robles, de la Garza, & Medina, 2008), el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida (WHO, 1998, 2004) y el de Indicadores de Salud (Jiménez, Martínez, Miró, & Sánchez, 2008). Los participantes se agruparon según sus características socioeconómicas. El aumento en la calidad de vida general y la salud psicológica de la calidad de vida, incrementaron las prácticas del liderazgo transformacional de Modelar, Inspirar Desafiar y Habilitar y la del liderazgo transaccional de Alentar. El aumento en la percepción de salud del cuestionario de Indicadores de Salud incrementó las prácticas del liderazgo transformacional de Modelar, mientras que el aumento en la conducta asociada al consumo de bebidas alcohólicas redujo la práctica de liderazgo de Desafiar. Ninguna otra variable resultó significativa. Se discuten diferentes explicaciones teóricas

Generación de piloto automático difuso para maniobras de embarcaciones

This paper introduces a method to generate autopilots for ship headings by using issues from the observation of control actions performed by human operators. The controller is designed based on fuzzy logic and uses triangular membership functions for the antecedent and consequent functions for Singleton type. For an automatic adjustment of the consequential, the recursive least squares method was used. This method is used to generate and validate the course driver of a 350-m tanker, at different load conditions.Este documento presenta un método para generar pilotos automáticos para rumbo de embarcación mediante el uso de asuntos provenientes de la observación de acciones de control realizadas por operadores humanos. El controlador está diseñado basado en lógica difusa (fuzzy logic) y utiliza funciones de pertenencia triangular para las funciones antecedentes y consecuentes para tipo Singleton. Para un ajuste automático de la consecuente, se utilizó el método de mínimos cuadrados recursivos. Este método es utilizado para generar y validar el conductor de curso de un buque cisterna de 350 m, en diferentes condiciones de carga

Estilos de liderança, ambiente organizacional e riscos psicossociais nas entidades do sector da saúde: um estudo comparativo

Neste estudo se descreve o clima organizacional, os fatores de risco psicossocial e os estilos de liderança que percebe um grupo de 400 trabalhadores da área da saúde em quatro cidades da Colômbia, e procuram-se diferenças significativas nessas cidades. Aplicaram-se o ECO o PIC e o PAT. Segundo os resultados, os participantes apresentaram riscos psicossociais de vários tipos, dos quais os mais importantes foram os referidos às relações interpessoais. O ambiente organizacional, embora não ideal, não é negativo. Os dois estilos de liderança achados no estudo estiveram apenas presentes em Bogotá. Acharam-se diferenças significativas na maioria das variáveis estudadas, quiçá devido ao impacto de aspectos culturais. Nós discutimos estes resultados.The purpose of this study was to describe the organizational climate, psychosocial risk factors and leadership styles perceived by a group of 400 workers of the health sector in four Colombian cities and to observe whether there are significant differences between them. In order to achieve this objective, the instruments entitled ECO, CFP and PAT_were administered. According to the results, the participants showed psychosocial risks factors of diverse nature and the most relevant ones were those related to interpersonal relationships. Although the organizational climate found was not optimal, it was not adverse either. The two resulting leadership styles were evidenced only in Bogota. Significant differences were found in most variables studied which could be attributed to cultural aspects. These findings are discussed.El propósito de este estudio fue describir el clima organizacional; los factores de riesgo psicosocial y los estilos de liderazgo que perciben un grupo de 400 trabajadores del sector salud en cuatro ciudades colombianas; y observar si existen diferencias significativas entre ellas. Para ello se aplicó el ECO; el CFP y el PAT. De acuerdo con los resultados; los participantes presentaron riesgos psicosociales de diversa índole; siendo más relevantes los referidos a las relaciones interpersonales El clima organizacional; aunque no es óptimo; tampoco es adverso. Los dos estilos de liderazgo resultantes en el estudio fueron evidenciados solamente en Bogotá. Se encontraron diferencias significativas en la mayoría de las variables estudiadas; lo cual podría deberse al efecto de aspectos culturales. Se discuten estos hallazgos

Una aplicación de la Teoría de la Información al análisis de datos definidos mediante variables cualitativas multiestado: medidas de similaridad y análisis Cluster

Sin resume

Effect of titanium foliar applications on tomato fruits from plants grown under salt stress conditions

Salt stress affects plant metabolism, while beneficial elements such as titanium (Ti) may stimulate adaptive responses to mitigate salt stress. Here we evaluated the main effects of sodium chloride (NaCl 0, 50 and 100 mM) in the nutrient solution, and of titanium foliar spray (Ti 0.75 and 150 mg L-1), as well as the interaction of these study factors, on tomato cv. ‘Rio Supremo’ performance in greenhouse. Plants were treated with NaCl during 80 d through automated drip irrigation; while eight Ti foliar sprayings were applied with a manual sprayer, at intervals of 10 d each. Yield and quality parameters of fruits were evaluated in the second cluster. NaCl reduced yield parameters, pH value and increased the titratable acidity (TA), electrical conductivity (EC), and total soluble solids (TSS), as well as the TSS/TA ration in the fruits. Ti did not affect yield parameters, though it reduced the pH and increased the TSS/TA ratio of fruits. NaCl and Ti have differential effects on fruit quality as separate factors, while the interaction of both factors revealed that Ti effects dependent on the presence of NaCl and its level in the nutrient solution. In conclusion, Ti did not mitigate the negative effects of saline stress on the evaluated yield parameters, but importantly, with moderate levels of NaCl in the nutrient solution (50 mM), Ti increased EC, TA and TSS of fruits

Efficient inhibition of iron superoxide dismutase and of Trypanosoma cruzi growth by benzo[g]phthalazine derivatives functionalized with one or two imidazole rings

The synthesis and trypanosomatic behavior of a new series of 1,4-bis(alkylamino)benzo[g]phthalazines 1−4 containing the biologically significant imidazole ring are reported. In vitro antiparasitic activity against Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes is remarkable, especially for compound 2, whereas toxicity against Vero cells is very low. Conversion of epimastigotes to metacyclic forms in the presence of the tested compounds causes significant decreases in the amastigote and trypomastigote numbers. Fe-SOD inhibition is noteworthy, whereas effect on human Cu/Zn-SOD is negligible.The authors thank the Spanish CICYT for the financial support

1,4-Bis(alkylamino)benzo[g]phthalazines able to form dinuclear complexes of Cu(II) which as free ligands behave as SOD inhibitors and show efficient in vitro activity against Trypanosoma cruzi

The synthesis of a new series of 1,4-bis(alkylamino)benzo[g]phthalazines 1–3 is reported, and their ability to form dinuclear complexes with Cu(II) assayed. The geometry of the complexes is dependent on the nature of the electron-donor sites at the sidechains. Compounds 1 and 2, that contain sp3 or sp2 nitrogens at the end of the alkylamino groups, originate monopodal dinuclear complexes which seem to include endogenous OH bridges, and the sidechains seem to actively participate in complexation. However, the substitution of nitrogen by oxygen in 3 leads to a tripodal dinuclear complex in which the sidechains are not involved. The in vitro antiparasitic activity on Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and amastigotes and the SOD activity inhibition have been evaluated for compounds 1–3, and, as expected, 1 and 2 show in all cases relevant results, whereas 3 is always the less active among the three substrates tested.The authors thank the Spanish Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia for the economical support given to this work (SAF99-0066)

Tris(diphenylthiophosphinoyl)methanide as tripod ligand in rhodium(III), iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) complexes. Crystal structures of [(η5-C5Me5)Ir{η3-(SPPh2)3C-S,S′,S″}]BF4 and [(η6-MeC6H4Pri)Ru{η3-(SPPh2)3C-S,S′,S″}]BPh4

Reaction of the complex [{(η5-C5Me5)RhCl2}2], in CH2Cl2 solution, with AgBF4 (1:2 molar ratio) and (SPPh2)3CH leads to the cationic compound [(η5-C5Me5)RhCl{η2-(SPPh2)2CH(SPPh2)-S,S′}]BF4 (1) which is deprotonated by thallium(I) pyrazolate affording [(η5-C5Me5)Rh{η3-(SPPh2)3C−S,S′,S″}]BF4 (2a). The iridium dimer [(η5-C5Me5)IrCl2}2] reacts with silver salts and (SPPh2)3CH, in CH2Cl2 or Me2CO, under analogous conditions, affording mixtures of [(η5-C5Me5)IrCl{η2-(SPPh2)2)-S,S′}]+ and [(η5-C5Me5)Ir{η3-(SPPh2)3C-S,S′,S″}]A [A=BF4− (3a), PF6− (3b). Addition of Et3N to the mixture gives pure complexes 3. The ruthenium complexes [{η6j6-arene)RuCl2}2] (arene = C6Me6, p-MeC6H4Pri) react with (SPPh2)3CH, in the presence of AgA (A = PF6− or BF4−) or Na BPh4, in CH2Cl2 or Me2CO, yielding only the deprotonated complexes [(η6-arene)Ru{η3-(SPPH2)3C−S,S′,S″}]A [arene = C6Me6, A = BF4; arene = p-MeC6H4Pri, A - BPh4 (4a), PF6 (4b)]. The crystal structures of 3a and 4a were established by X-ray crystallography. Compound 3a crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pna21, with lattice parameters a-41.477(6), b = 10.6778(11), c = 20.162(3) Å and Z=8. Complex 4a crystallizes in a monoclinic lattice, space group P21/n, with a = 20.810(4), b = 12.555(3), c = 23.008(4) Å, β = 95.82(2)° and Z = 4. Both cationic complexes exhibit analogous pseudo-octahedml molecular structures with the anionic (SPPh2)3C− ligand bonded via the three sulphur atoms in a tripodal, tridentate fashion. Each metal centre completes its coordination environment with a η5-C5Me5 (3a) or a η6-MeC6H4Pri group (4a). A quite interesting result concerns the non-planarity of the methanide carbon which display P−C−P angles in the range 112.6–114.4(5)° in 3a and 111.9–113.6(4)° in 4a. The redox chemistry of the complexes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The Rh(III) complexes are quasi-reversibly reduced to Rh(I) and the Ir(III) complex is irreversibly reduced to IKD in acetonitrile solutions. The Ru(II) complex undergoes a quasi-reversible reduction to Ru(I) and a reversible oxidation to Ru(III).We thank the 'Fondo de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico, Chile' (Grant No. 460/93-95), Direccion de Investigacion y Postgrado, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile (DlPUC), Fundacion Andes, Chile, and the Instituto de Cooperacion Iberoamericano, Spain, for financial support.Peer reviewe