Gesinsmoord in Suid-Afrika

Family murders in South AfricaThe goal of research into ‘Family Murders in South Africa’ was to determine the views of members of the Criminological Society of Southern Africa concerning family murder. The hypothesis was that these informed persons would agree with the statements made by academics in the press regarding this phenomenon. The research substantiated the hypothesis. The dominant psychological causes were listed as feelings of rejection, stress, emotional burn-out and pathological  possessiveness. The sociological causes were listed as alienation between spouses and misuse of alcohol. The warning signs included previous suicide attempts, unsuccessful attempts to restore broken  marriages, unemployment, physical assault, fathers retreating from the family and neighbours and obsessive handling of dangerous weapons. Based on the findings of the research, a list identifying causes, warning signs, explanations, and methods of prevention was drawn up

Publications of Prof J.A.L. Taljaard

Monographs, articles in journals and magazines, contributions to collections, unbublished studies and translations

Integrating tuberculosis/HIV treatment: an evaluation of the tuberculosis outcomes of patients co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV in the Breede Valley subdistrict

Background: The Infectious Disease Clinic of Worcester Hospital introduced an integrated tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) service in July 2009 to provide comprehensive management to patients who were co-infected with tuberculosis and HIV.Method: In a retrospective cohort study that was carried out from 1 July 2009 to 31 March 2010, the tuberculosis outcomes of co-infected patients attending the Infectious Disease Clinic for antiretroviral (ARV) treatment and receiving their tuberculosis medication at the Infectious Disease Clinic, were compared with those of patients receiving ARV treatment at the Infectious Disease Clinic and tuberculosis treatment at their local clinic.Results: Seventy-four per cent of patients completed their treatment and 26% were cured, with no defaults or deaths, in the tubercuolosis/HIV integrated cohort. Thirty-eight per cent completed their treatment, 45% were cured, 9% died and another 9% defaulted in the cohort receiving their tuberculosis treatment at a local clinic. This indicates that there was a significantly better tuberculosis outcome in the tuberculosis/HIV cohort (p-value < 0.05).Conclusion: The significantly better tuberculosis outcome that resulted when tuberculosis and HIV services were integrated led to services being integrated in the Breede Valley subdistrict.Keywords: tuberculosis/HIV treatment integration, human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis, outcome

Reduction Data Obtained from Cyclic Voltammetry of Benzophenones and Copper-2-Hydroxyphenone Complexes

This article provides detailed redox data on nine differently substituted benzophenones and ten square planar copper(II) complexes containing 2-hydroxyphenones obtained by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. The information provided is related to the published full research articles “An electrochemical and computational chemistry study of substituted benzophenones” (Electrochim. Acta 2021, 373, 137894) and “Electrochemical behaviour of copper(II) complexes containing 2-hydroxyphenones” (Electrochim. Acta 2022, 424, 140629), where the CVs and electrochemical data at mainly one scan rate, namely at 0.100 Vs−1 , are reported. CVs and the related peak current and voltage values, not reported in the related research article, are provided in this article for nine differently substituted benzophenones and ten differently substituted copper-2-hydroxyphenone complexes at various scan rates over more than two orders of magnitude. The redox data presented are the first reported complete set of electrochemical data of nine 2-hydroxyphenones and ten copper(II) complexes containing 2-hydroxyphenone ligands

Algorithmic correspondence and completeness in modal logic. I. The core algorithm SQEMA

Modal formulae express monadic second-order properties on Kripke frames, but in many important cases these have first-order equivalents. Computing such equivalents is important for both logical and computational reasons. On the other hand, canonicity of modal formulae is important, too, because it implies frame-completeness of logics axiomatized with canonical formulae. Computing a first-order equivalent of a modal formula amounts to elimination of second-order quantifiers. Two algorithms have been developed for second-order quantifier elimination: SCAN, based on constraint resolution, and DLS, based on a logical equivalence established by Ackermann. In this paper we introduce a new algorithm, SQEMA, for computing first-order equivalents (using a modal version of Ackermann's lemma) and, moreover, for proving canonicity of modal formulae. Unlike SCAN and DLS, it works directly on modal formulae, thus avoiding Skolemization and the subsequent problem of unskolemization. We present the core algorithm and illustrate it with some examples. We then prove its correctness and the canonicity of all formulae on which the algorithm succeeds. We show that it succeeds not only on all Sahlqvist formulae, but also on the larger class of inductive formulae, introduced in our earlier papers. Thus, we develop a purely algorithmic approach to proving canonical completeness in modal logic and, in particular, establish one of the most general completeness results in modal logic so far.Comment: 26 pages, no figures, to appear in the Logical Methods in Computer Scienc

Spectroscopic Behaviour of Copper(II) Complexes Containing 2-Hydroxyphenones

Theoretical investigations by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods shed light on how the type of ligand or attached groups influence the electronic structure, absorption spectrum, electron excitation, and intramolecular and interfacial electron transfer of the Cu(II) complexes under study. The findings provide new insight into the designing and screening of high-performance dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs)

Crystal and electronic structures of tris[4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(2-X)-1,3-butanedionato]iron(III) isomers (X = thienyl or furyl) : an X-ray and computational study

Please read abstract in the article.Norwegian Supercomputing Program (NOTUR) (Grant No. NN4654K), the South African National Research Foundation and the Central Research Fund of the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/molstruchb2014ai201

X-ray and electronic structure of tris(benzoylacetonato-κ2O,O')iron(III)

Solid state crystal data of d5 tris(benzoylacetonato-k2O,O0)iron(III), [Fe(ba)3], are presented. The mer isomer crystallized in the solid state. Density functional theory calculations show that both fac and mer isomers of [Fe(ba)3] can exist. Both fac and mer [Fe(ba)3] are high spin d5 complexes with the same ordering of the d-based molecular orbitals in order of increasing orbital energy, namely dxy < dyz z dxz < dz2 z dx2-y2.South African National Research Foundation (Grant No: 93442) and the Central Research Fund of the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.http://www.elsevier.com/ locate/molstruc2017-11-30hb2016Chemistr

When the clinic is not yet built … the Avian Park Service Learning Centre story

The Ukwanda Centre for Rural Health (UCRH) opened in 2001, followed 10 years later by the establishment of the Ukwanda Rural Clinical School in one of the rural health districts of the Western Cape. This paper relates the journey of the Faculty with the underserviced community of Avian Park through the provision of healthcare services aimed at addressing needs identified by the local community. It attempts to substantiate the meaning of the word Ukwanda, translated ‘to grow’ and ‘develop within the community’ in order to reach the primary goal of being an ‘engaged institution’. The Avian Park Service Learning Centre (APSLC) is the culmination of the aspirations of a number of stakeholders who wanted to respond to the community needs for access to basic healthcare while providing learning opportunities for students. Initially only patients with chronic diseases of lifestyle, tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS were seen by community care-workers (CCWs). Through a number of service-learning initiatives in Avian Park, a variety of health services have developed in the community. CCWs have become teachers, community developers and an integral part of the health service team. They enhance access to the residents, community projects and networking within the community.The APSLC improves the opportunities to integrate theoretical academic work with practical application, providing students with a unique opportunity to be involved in healthcare service design and development (as active participants, not observers) based on community-identified needs. University and community collaboration has been purposeful and aims to strengthen community engagement, while up-skilling residents and affording community-based education opportunities for health professions