Investigation of distinctive characteristics of children with specific learning disorder and borderline intellectual functioning

Background Borderline intelligence function (BIF) and specific learning disorder (SLD) are common diagnoses in children who are brought up for learning problems and school failure. Objective The aim of our study was to determine whether there were distinctive aspects of cognitive testing routinely used in evaluating SLD and BIF and investigate emotion regulation skills and minor neurologic symptoms. Method Sixty children (30 SLD and 30 BIF) who are currently attending primary school are selected for study. Visual Aural Digit Span Test – Form B, Gessel Figure Drawing Test, Bender Gestalt Visual Motor Perception Test, WISC-R, Emotion Regulation Scale (ERS) and Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES) was administered. Results There was no statistically significant difference between groups in cognitive tests. The emotional regulation ability measured by the emotional regulation subscale was better in the SLD group than the BIF group (p = 0.014). In the NES, sensory integration (p = 0.008), motor coordination (p = 0.047) and other (p < 0.001) subscales showed higher scores in the BIF group. Discussion It has been shown that cognitive tests don’t have distinguishing features in the evaluation of SLD and BIF. Emotion regulation subscale score of ERS and sensory integration, motor coordination, and total scores of NES can be used in both discrimination of groups

Investigation of distinctive characteristics of children with specific learning disorder and borderline intellectual functioning

Background: Borderline intelligence function (BIF) and specific learning disorder (SLD) are common diagnoses in children who are brought up for learning problems and school failure. Objective: The aim of our study was to determine whether there were distinctive aspects of cognitive testing routinely used in evaluating SLD and BIF and investigate emotion regulation skills and minor neurologic symptoms. Method: Sixty children (30 SLD and 30 BIF) who are currently attending primary school are selected for study. Visual Aural Digit Span Test - Form B, Gessel Figure Drawing Test, Bender Gestalt Visual Motor Perception Test, WISC-R, Emotion Regulation Scale (ERS) and Neurological Evaluation Scale (NES) was administered. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups in cognitive tests. The emotional regulation ability measured by the emotional regulation subscale was better in the SLD group than the BIF group (p = 0.014). In the NES, sensory integration (p = 0.008), motor coordination (p = 0.047) and other (p < 0.001) subscales showed higher scores in the BIF group. Discussion: It has been shown that cognitive tests don't have distinguishing features in the evaluation of SLD and BIF. Emotion regulation subscale score of ERS and sensory integration, motor coordination, and total scores of NES can be used in both discrimination of groups

17-year-old Selective Mutism Case without Treatment for A Long Time

Selective mutism is a rare childhood anxiety disorder characterized by the inability to speak in certain social situations in which speech is expected, despite speaking fluently in other situations. The average age of onset for selective mutism is 2 to 5 years old, but symptoms may not be noticed until starting school. The cause is still not known and the prevalence varies between 0.03% and 1%. Psychopharmacology and psychotherapeutic approaches are recommended in the treatment. Although the treatment is difficult, early diagnosis is one of the good prognostic factors. In this case report, we aimed to discuss the psychiatric and sociocultural functionality of a 17-year-old adolescent with selective mutism. Our case is remarkable as she has not been treated for many years. Her treatment continues with psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions. Recognition of selective mutism and getting support on this issue will help to solve the problem

Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk Tanılı Ergenlerin ve Annelerin Obsesif İnançları ve Çıkarımsal Karmaşaları Arasındaki İlişki

Amaç: Obsesif kompulsif bozukluk(OKB) tanılı ergenlerin ve annelerinin obsesif inançları ve çıkarımsal karmaşaları arasındaki ilişkiyi saptayarak OKB’deki bilişsel değerlendirmeleri araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 25 OKB hastası (20 erkek ve 5 kız) ile bu hastaların anneleri dahil edildi. Hastalara Okul Çağı Çocukları İçin Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi-Şimdi ve Yaşam Boyu Şekli (K-SADS-PL) ve Yale-Brown Obsesyon-Kompulsiyon Ölçeği (Y-BOKÖ) uygulandıktan sonra OKB tanısı alan hastalara ve onların annelerine Obsesif İnançlar Ölçeği-44 (OİÖ-44), Çıkarımsal Karmaşa Ölçeği (ÇKÖ), Padua Envanteri (PE) uygulanmıştır. Hastaların ve annelerinin obsesif inançları, çıkarımsal karmaşaları ile obsesif kompulsif belirti puanlarının korelasyonu incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Ergenler ile annelerin, obsesif inançları ve çıkarımsal karmaşa ölçeği arasında yapılan korelasyon analizlerine göre sadece ergenlerin obsesif inançlardan mükemmeliyetçilik/kesinlik puanları ile annelerin abartılmış sorumluluk/tehlike puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak negatif yönde anlamlı korelasyon bulundu(r = -0.42, p = 0.039). Sonuç: Bu çalışma OKB tanılı ergenlerdeki obsesif inançlar ve çıkarımsal karmaşa ile ilgili hipotezlerini kısmen destekler. Klinik tedaviler ailelerdeki olası patolojik bilişsel faktörler göz önüne alınarak düzenlenmesi tedavi başarısını artırabilir

The relationship between nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior and manners of death: a multicenter autopsy study

Background/aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between nonsuicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSIB) and manners of death. Materials and methods: This study retrospectively evaluated 6604 autopsy cases evaluated at forensic medicine institutes of six major cities of Turkey. The study group consisted of all cases with NSSIB findings. The control group was created from cases without signs of NSSIB. Results: We found that the numbers of possible suicide and homicide cases in the NSSIB (+) group were significantly higher than in the NSSIB (-) group. The possibility of death due to suicide was 3.213 times and homicide was 2.004 times higher than natural deaths in the NSSIB (+) group compared with the NSSIB (-) group. Conclusion: The presence of NSSIB might increase the risk of death due to suicide and homicide, especially in adolescence