The historical geological cartography: from digital archive to WebGIS environment

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Geological 3D model of the Po Basin

The geological 3D model of the Po Basin includes the geometry of four stratigraphic horizons (top or unconformity) bounding lithological homogeneous successions of sedimentary units, in the Triassic - Pleistocene time interval, and 179 fault geometries. Each stratigraphic horizon is supplemented by its isobaths. Where possible, the thickness of the succession above or below, respectively for basal unconformity and top, is provided with the surface depth. The lithology, event process, and age of each sedimentary succession are also provided. Each fault, with its upper tip line, is supplemented with the kinematic, mean values for strike, dip azimuth, and dip derived from the 3D surface geometry, and the age of the oldest and youngest faulted or deformed stratigraphic horizon, if obtainable from the 3D geological model. This harmonized dataset and the related data model were obtained in the framework of the GO-PEG project, co-funded by the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) of the European Commission. More specifically, this dataset is the output of the Go-Depth use case aiming to provide a methodology and a model to conceptualize, organize and deliver easy-to-use, high-quality, interoperable subsurface information for sustainable planning and use of natural resources. To this aim the data coming from European-funded projects GeoMol (Alpine Space Programme 2012-2015) and GeoERA HotLime (Horizon 2020, 2018-2021) has been used. In view of data interoperability, the data model has been developed as an extension of the INSPIRE Geology data model. The dataset is served through APIs conforming to the OGC API - Feature standard and it is also downloadable in GeoPackage format, anticipating the application of the principles established by the Open Data Directive (Directive (EU) 2019/1024) regarding the sharing of the High-Value Datasets. We acknowledge the listed researchers who contributed seismic and geological data interpretation to the GeoMol and HotLime Project

The harmonised geological map of Italy 1:100,000 scale

The INSPIRE Directive establishes a European infrastructure for spatial information to support the environmental policies of the European Union. Thirty-four different themes representing various environmental information have been identified. Geology theme is modelled conforming specific data structure that is Geology, Geophysic, Hydrogeology, which is further divided into three subthemes. Geology is in "priority dataset" list as it provides fundamental knowledge about the physical properties and composition of rocks and sediments, their structure, and their age, as depicted in geological maps, including geomorphological features and it represents the base map for geological phenomenon monitoring. In the INSPIRE data model, specific codelists have been reused in the different field types to satisfy the compliance to the geological information content. Some of the codelists fully comply with the features contained in the 1:100,000 geological map database are integrated in the semantic harmonization process. In 2021-22, the dataset was further harmonized in accordance with the INSPIRE and GeoSciML data models. The Geological Map of Italy at a scale of 1:100,000 is currently the most comprehensive and detailed geological map available for Italy. It consists of a compilation of 277 sheets and was created over a period exceeding 100 years, with certain sheets having two editions. In the late 1990s, the map was converted into a vector database through the digitization of raster format data. The dataset underwent revision, integration, and correction by the Geological Survey of Italy between 2005 and 2009. The dataset is served through a specific online resource allows the visualization of the Geologic Map of Italy 1:100,000 scale, in a digital format. The geology has been grouped based on the lower age of the geological units. Additionally, the service allows for the visualization of tectonic features. The map has been harmonized in the framework of the activity of the Geological Survey of Italy - ISPRA with a support by the Joint Research Unit - EPOS Italia (2020-2022)

La Direttiva INSPIRE e i dati del Servizio Geologico d'Italia: lo stato dell'arte.

<p>Il Dipartimento per il Servizio Geologico d'Italia dell'ISPRA dispone di grande quantità di dati riferiti a cartografia geologica a scala diversa, cartografia geotematica, rischi naturali, inventario dei fenomeni franosi, land use, land cover, sondaggi, geofisica, patrimonio geologico, idrogeologia, infrastrutture e basi raster, consultabili come servizi OGC all'interno del Portale del Servizio Geologico d'Italia (http://portalesgi.isprambiente.it) condivisi conformemente agli standard vigenti.</p><p>Per ogni set di dati sono stati compilati i file di metadati in accordo con la direttiva INSPIRE. Tutti i metadati sono archiviati in un catalogo esposto come CSW (Catalog Service for the Web) 2.0.2.</p><p>Oltre ai servizi standard OGC di tipo WMS relativi a servizi o dataset, il Dipartimento ha iniziato la fase di test relativa alla pubblicazione di servizi di download WFS o ATOM feed seguendo le indicazioni del modello dati INSPIRE. La sperimentazione effettuata nel corso degli anni ha riguardato principalmente la pubblicazione di servizi standard per specifici progetti su software open di tipo Geoserver: questo è il caso del progetto OneGeology (http://www.onegeology.org/), approfondito a livello europeo dal progetto EGDI (European Geological Data Infrastructure).</p&gt

Il portale del servizio geologico d'Italia

The italian geological service Geoportal On may 25th, ISPRA, Institute for Environment Protection and Research, presented the Web Service for the new portal of Geologic Survey of Italy. Through simple tools it allows to search and examine documentation and databases owned by Italian Geologic Survey. It consists in two different levels: the first one is a searchable repository of metadata of databases stored within SGI-ISPRA and from external web services and the latter is a WebGIS interface that shows geological, geophysical and other environmental data surveyed and produced at different scales. All metadata are compliant with ISO 19119 and 19115 standards. INSPIRE and OGC compliant web services WMS, WCS and WFS are available as well as other formats like ESRIArcGIS and KML /KM

Raccontare la geologia attraverso le story-telling Roma dal 1820 al 2008

PAROLE CHIAVE Cartografia geologica; Storia della geologia; Geologia urbana; Roma ABSTRACT Geological mapping is one of the most innovative "discoveries" (in Earth Sciences development) of the 19th century and it represented the basic knowledge for the economic exploitation of many European countries. In 1873, with the foundation of the Regio Ufficio Geologico, started the systematic geological survey of the Italian territory and its cartographic representation. In the previous period some scientists reported on scientific publications the results of their studies and surveys carried out in different parts of the peninsula. Undoubtedly, the early example is the “Geological scheme of Rome”, realized by Giovanni Battista Brocchi between 1820 and 1830. The analysis of scientific and cartographic production carried out by several authors in the urban area of Rome and its surroundings permitted us to built a Story telling project finalized to highlight the progress of geological knowledge, placing the individual works in the historical and cultural context of the period. This reconstruction path is done by exploiting the potential of ESRI ArcGIS Online tools, with the purpose of enhancing the scientific and cultural content of the geological cartography contributing to the knowledge of Geological Sciences development

The geological map of Italy 1:100,000 scale INSPIRE harmonised

<p>The INSPIRE Directive institute a European infrastructure for spatial information to support the environmental policies of the European Union. In the mainframe of the Directive, 34 different themes that represents different environmental information has been identified. One of this is the Geology theme; it is split into three subthemes and represent a "reference data theme” because it provides basic knowledge on the physical properties and composition of rocks and sediments, their structure and their age as represented in geological maps, as well as geomorphological features.</p> <p>In the feature catalogue of the INSPIRE application schema Geology has been defined the term lists for the information types. Some of these are fully compliant with the features defined in the 1:100.000 scale geological map database and are used in the semantic harmonization procedure.</p> <p>The Geological Map of Italy at 1:100,000 scale is, at present, the most detailed complete geological map of Italy. It consists of a collage of 277 sheets, and it was produced over a period of more than 100 years, with some sheets in two editions. In the late 1990s, it was transformed into a vector database by digitising from raster format. The dataset was revised, integrated, and corrected between 2005-2009 by the Geological Survey of Italy. In 2021-22 the dataset was harmonised according to the INSPIRE and GeoSciML data models.</p> <p>The whole area has been subdivided into three different .gml format dataset on geographic base: Northern, Central and Southern Italy.</p&gt

Il portale del Servizio Geologico d’Italia

Nell'ultimo decennio gli straordinari sforzi tecnologici hanno evoluto il settore geomatico e portato enormi vantaggi nell'ambito dei cosiddetti servizi a valore aggiunto. Tuttavia la svalutazione commerciale del sistema di navigazione satellitare ha fatto del navigatore un oggetto di uso comune, quasi alla pari del più quotato telefono cellulare. Scemata la corsa al cellulare più modaiolo è subentrata quella al navigatore satellitare più tecnologico con cartografia e punti di interesse più aggiornati. E' assai frequente trovare commercializzazioni degli operatori di telefonia che uniscono al dispositivo mobile il sistema di navigazione, grazie anche a politiche di businness agreement tra le varie major. L'utilizzo dei dispositivi GPS è davvero ancora arenato alla semplice ricerca di un percorso o di un indirizzo da raggiungere? L'uso di tali apparecchiature può inserirsi all'interno di target quali l'intrattenimento e le attività ricreative? Negli ultimi anni stiamo riscoprendo la bellezza della natura e il piacere di dedicarci ad una serie di attività sportive outdoor che ci conciliano con essa, unendo ai benefici della mente quelli del corpo derivanti da una corretta sollecitazione della propria frequenza cardiaca. Questa mia relazione vuole essere un diario di viaggio nelle quotidiane attività all'aria aperta di un atleta non professionista, praticate durante le quattro stagioni sfruttando le tecnologie legate alla triangolazione satellitare

Il portale del Servizio Geologico d’Italia

Nell'ultimo decennio gli straordinari sforzi tecnologici hanno evoluto il settore geomatico e portato enormi vantaggi nell'ambito dei cosiddetti servizi a valore aggiunto. Tuttavia la svalutazione commerciale del sistema di navigazione satellitare ha fatto del navigatore un oggetto di uso comune, quasi alla pari del più quotato telefono cellulare. Scemata la corsa al cellulare più modaiolo è subentrata quella al navigatore satellitare più tecnologico con cartografia e punti di interesse più aggiornati. E' assai frequente trovare commercializzazioni degli operatori di telefonia che uniscono al dispositivo mobile il sistema di navigazione, grazie anche a politiche di businness agreement tra le varie major. L'utilizzo dei dispositivi GPS è davvero ancora arenato alla semplice ricerca di un percorso o di un indirizzo da raggiungere? L'uso di tali apparecchiature può inserirsi all'interno di target quali l'intrattenimento e le attività ricreative? Negli ultimi anni stiamo riscoprendo la bellezza della natura e il piacere di dedicarci ad una serie di attività sportive outdoor che ci conciliano con essa, unendo ai benefici della mente quelli del corpo derivanti da una corretta sollecitazione della propria frequenza cardiaca. Questa mia relazione vuole essere un diario di viaggio nelle quotidiane attività all'aria aperta di un atleta non professionista, praticate durante le quattro stagioni sfruttando le tecnologie legate alla triangolazione satellitare

Integrating geological data in Europe to foster multidisciplinary research

The European Plate Observing System (EPOS, www.epos-eu.org) is a multidisciplinary pan-European research infrastructure for solid Earth science. It integrates a series of domain-specific service hubs (Thematic Core Service, TCS) such as the Geological Information and Modelling, which provides access to data, data products and services on European boreholes, geological maps, mineral occurrences, mines and 3D models. TCS GIM services are hosted by a group of European Geological Surveys and a couple of national research organizations. This paper presents novel data discovery and integration, facilitated using borehole logging information with on-demand web services to produce 3D geological structures. This domain interoperability across EPOS was created for the purpose of research, but it is also highly relevant for the response to societal grand challenges such as natural hazards and climate change. European and international interoperability implementation frameworks are well described and used (e.g., INSPIRE, ISO, OGC, and IUGS/CGI). It can be difficult for data providers to deploy web services that support the full semantic data definition (e.g., OGC Complex Feature) to expose several millions of geological entities through web-enabled data portals as required by pan-European projects. The TCS GIM group implemented and innovatively extended two standardized descriptions, i.e. GeoSciML-Lite and EarthResourceML-Lite, with an important reuse of content from Linked Data Registries. This approach was applied to design and implement the European Borehole Index and associated web services (View-WMS and Discovery-WFS), extended to 3D models, geological maps as well as mineral occurrences and mines. Results presented here apply the Linked Data approach ensuring optimal semantic description and enriching the data graphs, with complex descriptions and contents. In this way, it is now possible to traverse from one Borehole Index instance to linked richer information such as the borehole geological log, groundwater levels, rock sample description, analyses, etc. All this detailed information is served following international interoperability standards (Observations & Measurements, GroundWaterML 2.0, GeoSciML4, amongst others)