Tiamina como atenuador do estresse salino em sementes de arroz

A tiamina é uma vitamina com atividade antioxidante que tem sido relatada como capaz de amenizar os efeitos causados por estresse biótico e abiótico. Neste trabalho, estudos foram realizados para avaliar o efeito da aplicação exógena do antioxidante tiamina em sementes de arroz sob condições de estresse salino. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos que consistiram nas concentrações de tiamina (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 e 150 mg L-1), com quatro repetições. As sementes de arroz imersas em soluções de tiamina foram semeadas em papel germitest®, umedecido com solução de cloreto de sódio (-0,6 MPa) em volume equivalente a 2,5 vezes o peso do papel seco. A seguir, foram analisadas as variáveis fisiológicas: germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento de plântulas e massa seca de plântulas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão a 5% de probabilidade. A partir dos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a aplicação da tiamina estimulou a germinação e demonstrou melhores respostas no desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de arroz em condições de estresse salino quando comparadas ao tratamento controle. A medida que se elevou a concentração de tiamina, houve incremento em todas as características avaliadas cuja concentração de 150 mg L-1 possibilitou máximos resultados de germinação (71,14%), primeira contagem de germinação (64,85%), índice de velocidade de germinação (16,20) e comprimento de plântulas (8,2 cm)

Temperaturas e regulador de crescimento na germinação de sementes de alface

A alface apresenta sensibilidade às variações de temperatura durante a germinação, sendo afetada negativamente por altas temperaturas. Deste modo, métodos capazes de minimizar tais efeitos, se revestem de grande importância para promover germinação satisfatória. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a utilização do etefon (precursor do etileno) na germinação de sementes de alface sob diferentes condições de temperatura. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2x6, sendo duas temperaturas (20 e 30°C) e seis concentrações de etefon (0, 200, 400, 600, 800 e 1000 ppm), com quatro repetições. Avaliaram-se a germinação, protrusão radicular, primeira contagem da germinação e índice de velocidade de germinação. O etefon maximizou a germinação e velocidade de germinação de sementes de alface expostas à temperatura de 30°C, enquanto na temperatura de 20°C ocorreram decréscimos. Incrementos também foram verificados no percentual de protrusão radicular para as sementes expostas a 30°C. Em todas as concentrações estudadas, a temperatura de 20°C proporcionou maior percentual e velocidade de germinação. Concentrações entre 726 e 786 ppm proporcionaram melhores respostas no desempenho germinativo de sementes submetidas a 30°C, ao passo que em temperatura de 20°C o etefon promoveu efeito negativo

Psychological Distress in Men during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil: The Role of the Sociodemographic Variables, Uncertainty, and Social Support

Objective: To analyze the relationships between sociodemographic variables, intolerance to uncertainty (INT), social support, and psychological distress (i.e., indicators of Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) and perceived stress (PS)) in Brazilian men during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study with national coverage, of the web survey type, and conducted with 1006 Brazilian men during the period of social circulation restriction imposed by the health authorities in Brazil for suppression of the coronavirus and control of the pandemic. Structural equation modeling analysis was performed. Results: Statistically significant direct effects of race/skin color ( = 0.268; p-value < 0.001), socioeconomic status (SES) ( = 0.306; p-value < 0.001), household composition( = 0.281; p-value < 0.001), PS ( = 0.513; p-value < 0.001), and INT ( = 0.421; p-value < 0.001) were evidenced in the occurrence of CMDs. Black-skinned men with higher SES, living alone, and with higher PS and INT levels presented higher prevalence values of CMDs. Conclusions: High levels of PS and INT were the factors that presented the strongest associations with the occurrence of CMDs among the men. It is necessary to implement actions to reduce the stress-generating sources as well as to promote an increase in resilience and the development of intrinsic reinforcements to deal with uncertain threats.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Influence of sociodemographic and emotional factors on the relationship between self-compassion and perceived stress among men residing in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic

The analysis of sociodemographic and emotional factors is essential to understanding how men perceive stress and practice self-compassion. In health crises, this problem becomes an emergency for public health. This study aimed to analyze the influence of sociodemographic and emotional factors on the relationship between self-compassion and the perceived stress of men residing in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a nationwide cross-sectional study carried out between June and December 2020 with 1006 men who completed a semi-structured electronic questionnaire. Data were collected using the snowball technique. Perceived stress was measured by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), and self-compassion was assessed using the Self-Compassion Scale. Most men had low self-compassion (51.5%; n = 516) and a moderate level of perceived stress (60.9%; n = 613), while 15.9% (n = 170) had a high level of stress. The prevalence of men in the combined situation of low self-compassion and high perceived stress was 39.4% (n = 334). Living with friends had a higher prevalence of low self-compassion and high perceived stress. The prevalence of common mental disorders was high (54.3%). Men with low levels of self-compassion reported higher levels of perceived stress; however, this association was moderated by emotional and sociodemographic variables. These findings highlight the importance of considering individual and contextual factors in public policies promoting men’s mental health.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Early Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Associated with Clinical Data and Autosomal Ancestry in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Admixed Brazilian Population

Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is a major cause of death in this population. This study investigates early markers of CVD associated with clinical data and autosomal ancestry in T1D patients from an admixed Brazilian population. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 99 T1D patients. The mean age of the study sample was 27.6 years and the mean duration of T1D was 14.4 years. The frequencies of abnormalities of the early markers of CVD were 19.6% in the ankle-brachial index (ABI), 4.1% in the coronary artery calcium score (CACS), and 5% in the carotid Doppler. A significant percentage of agreement was observed for the comparison of the frequency of abnormalities between CACS and carotid Doppler (92.2%, p = 0.041). There was no significant association between the level of autosomal ancestry proportions and early markers of CVD. The ABI was useful in the early identification of CVD in asymptomatic young patients with T1D and with a short duration of disease. Although CACS and carotid Doppler are non-invasive tests, carotid Doppler is more cost-effective, and both have limitations in screening for CVD in young patients with a short duration of T1D. We did not find a statistically significant relationship between autosomal ancestry proportions and early CVD markers in an admixed Brazilian population

Interaction between Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition and a relevant risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases; it occurs as a result of lifestyle factors, e.g., work. The aim of this research was to estimate the interaction between work and MS among primary health care (PHC) nursing professionals in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A sectional multicentered study carried out in 43 municipalities in Bahia, whose study population consisted of nursing professionals. The exposure variables were occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time, and the outcome variable was MS. Interaction measures based on the additivity criteria were verified by calculating the excess risks due to the interactions and according to the proportion of cases attributed to the interactions and the synergy index. The global MS prevalence is 24.4%. There was a greater magnitude in the exposure group regarding the three investigated factors (average level occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time in PHC for more than 5 years), reaching an occurrence of 44.9% when compared to the prevalence of 13.1% in the non-exposure group (academic education, without professional burnout, and working time in PHC for up to 5 years). The study’s findings showed a synergistic interaction of work aspects for MS occurrence among PHC nursing professionals