On the Cognition of States of Affairs

The theory of speech acts put forward by Adolf Reinach in his "The A Priori Foundations of the Civil Law" of 1913 rests on a systematic account of the ontological structures associated with various different sorts of language use. One of the most original features of Reinach's account lies in hIs demonstration of how the ontological structure of, say, an action of promising or of commanding, may be modified in different ways, yielding different sorts of non-standard instances of the corresponding speech act varieties. The present paper is an attempt to apply this idea of standard and modified instances of ontological structures to the realm of judgement and cognition, and thereby to develop a Reinachian theory of how intentionality is mediated through language in acts of thinking and speaking

Usage of personal care product and impact on confidence among male students in Kota Samarahan / Alsee Grace Sitin

Chapter one of this research consists of 10 parts including introduction as the first part of this study. Second part of this study is the background. It will be explaining the background of this study. Third part is problem statement. It stated the problem statement of this study and why the problem should be studied. This part is divided into two section which is theoretical and empirical problem statement. Next part is research questions. This part will list the research questions as the main question to be answer in this study. Fifth part is research objective. It listed down the objective of this research that needs to be achieved at the end of this study. Part six is the hypothesis. It listed down the entire hypothesis regarding to this study. Next part is significant. Under this part, it stated the important and benefits of this study toward readers and future researcher. Part seven will explain the scope of study where it states the target respondent, location and age range. Second last part is definition of terms. This part will be explaining the terms and keyword that always be mention in this study. Last part is conclusion. It will conclude this chapter and link this whole chapter with Chapter Two the Literature Review

Dose-Response Effects of the Text4baby Mobile Health Program: Randomized Controlled Trial

BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) is growing rapidly, but more studies are needed on how to optimize programs, including optimal timing of messaging, dose of exposure, and value of interactive features. This study evaluates final outcomes of text4baby (a text message service for pregnant and postpartum women) from a randomized trial performed in a population of pregnant female soldiers and family members. OBJECTIVE: The study aims were to evaluate (1) treatment effects and (2) dose-response effects of text4baby on behavioral outcomes compared to control (no text4baby) condition. METHODS: The study was a randomized trial of text4baby at Madigan Army Medical Center. Female military health beneficiaries who met inclusion criteria were eligible for the study. Participants provided consent, completed a baseline questionnaire, and then were randomized to enroll in text4baby or not. They were followed up at 3 time points thereafter through delivery of their baby. Generalized estimating equation models were used to evaluate outcomes. We examined treatment effects and the effects of higher doses of text4baby messages on outcomes. RESULTS: We report descriptive statistics including dosage of text messages delivered. The main finding was a significant effect of high exposure to text4baby on self-reported alcohol consumption postpartum (OR 0.212, 95% CI 0.046-0.973, P=.046), as measured by the question “Since you found out about your pregnancy, have you consumed alcoholic beverages?” The text4baby participants also reported lower quantities of alcohol consumed postpartum. CONCLUSIONS: Studies of text4baby have helped to build the mHealth evidence base. The effects of text4baby offer lessons for future scalable mHealth programs and suggest the need to study dose-response effects of these interventions