30 research outputs found
Rotational Viscometry of a Zinc Phosphate and a Zinc Polyacrylate Cement
The rheological properties of a zinc phosphate and a zinc polyacrylate cement were investigated using a rotational viscometer. The effects of time, temperature, shear rate, and spindle geometry on the measured viscosities were evaluated. Results indicated that both cements exhibited Newtonian behavior.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66697/2/10.1177_00220345770560071001.pd
Delivery of Dark Material to Vesta via Carbonaceous Chondritic Impacts
NASA's Dawn spacecraft observations of asteroid (4) Vesta reveal a surface
with the highest albedo and color variation of any asteroid we have observed so
far. Terrains rich in low albedo dark material (DM) have been identified using
Dawn Framing Camera (FC) 0.75 {\mu}m filter images in several geologic
settings: associated with impact craters (in the ejecta blanket material and/or
on the crater walls and rims); as flow-like deposits or rays commonly
associated with topographic highs; and as dark spots (likely secondary impacts)
nearby impact craters. This DM could be a relic of ancient volcanic activity or
exogenic in origin. We report that the majority of the spectra of DM are
similar to carbonaceous chondrite meteorites mixed with materials indigenous to
Vesta. Using high-resolution seven color images we compared DM color properties
(albedo, band depth) with laboratory measurements of possible analog materials.
Band depth and albedo of DM are identical to those of carbonaceous chondrite
xenolith-rich howardite Mt. Pratt (PRA) 04401. Laboratory mixtures of Murchison
CM2 carbonaceous chondrite and basaltic eucrite Millbillillie also show band
depth and albedo affinity to DM. Modeling of carbonaceous chondrite abundance
in DM (1-6 vol%) is consistent with howardite meteorites. We find no evidence
for large-scale volcanism (exposed dikes/pyroclastic falls) as the source of
DM. Our modeling efforts using impact crater scaling laws and numerical models
of ejecta reaccretion suggest the delivery and emplacement of this DM on Vesta
during the formation of the ~400 km Veneneia basin by a low-velocity (<2
km/sec) carbonaceous impactor. This discovery is important because it
strengthens the long-held idea that primitive bodies are the source of carbon
and probably volatiles in the early Solar System.Comment: Icarus (Accepted) Pages: 58 Figures: 15 Tables:
Filgotinib versus placebo or adalimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inadequate response to methotrexate: a phase III randomised clinical trial
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Janus kinase-1-preferential inhibitor filgotinib versus placebo or tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) despite ongoing treatment with methotrexate (MTX).Methods This 52-week, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled and active-controlled phase III trial evaluated once-daily oral filgotinib in patients with RA randomised 3:3:2:3 to filgotinib 200 mg (FIL200) or filgotinib 100 mg (FIL100), subcutaneous adalimumab 40 mg biweekly, or placebo (through week 24), all with stable weekly background MTX. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving 20% improvement in American College of Rheumatology criteria (ACR20) at week 12. Additional efficacy outcomes were assessed sequentially. Safety was assessed from adverse events and laboratory abnormalities.Results The proportion of patients (n=1755 randomised and treated) achieving ACR20 at week 12 was significantly higher for FIL200 (76.6%) and FIL100 (69.8%) versus placebo (49.9%; treatment difference (95% CI), 26.7% (20.6% to 32.8%) and 19.9% (13.6% to 26.2%), respectively; both p<0.001). Filgotinib was superior to placebo in key secondary endpoints assessing RA signs and symptoms, physical function and structural damage. FIL200 was non-inferior to adalimumab in terms of Disease Activity Score in 28 joints with C reactive protein <= 3.2 at week 12 (p<0.001); FIL100 did not achieve non-inferiority. Adverse events and laboratory abnormalities were comparable among active treatment arms.Conclusions Filgotinib improved RA signs and symptoms, improved physical function, inhibited radiographic progression and was well tolerated in patients with RA with inadequate response to MTX. FIL200 was non-inferior to adalimumab.Pathophysiology and treatment of rheumatic disease