1,434 research outputs found
The Detailed Chemical Abundance Patterns of M31 Globular Clusters
We present detailed chemical abundances for 20 elements in 30
globular clusters in M31. These results have been obtained using high
resolution (24,000) spectra of their integrated
light and analyzed using our original method. The globular clusters have
galactocentric radii between 2.5 kpc and 117 kpc, and therefore provide
abundance patterns for different phases of galaxy formation recorded in the
inner and outer halo of M31. We find that the clusters in our survey have a
range in metallicity of [Fe/H]. The inner halo clusters cover
this full range, while the outer halo globular clusters at R20 kpc have a
small range in abundance of [Fe/H]. We also measure abundances
of alpha, r- and s-process elements. These results constitute the first
abundance pattern constraints for old populations in M31 that are comparable to
those known for the Milky Way halo.Comment: XII International Symposium on Nuclei in the Cosmos August 5-12, 2012
Cairns, Australia. To appear in Proceedings of Scienc
Globular Cluster Abundances from High-Resolution, Integrated-Light Spectroscopy. II. Expanding the Metallicity Range for Old Clusters and Updated Analysis Techniques
We present abundances of globular clusters in the Milky Way and Fornax from
integrated light spectra. Our goal is to evaluate the consistency of the
integrated light analysis relative to standard abundance analysis for
individual stars in those same clusters. This sample includes an updated
analysis of 7 clusters from our previous publications and results for 5 new
clusters that expand the metallicity range over which our technique has been
tested. We find that the [Fe/H] measured from integrated light spectra agrees
to 0.1 dex for globular clusters with metallicities as high as
[Fe/H]=, but the abundances measured for more metal rich clusters may be
underestimated. In addition we systematically evaluate the accuracy of
abundance ratios, [X/Fe], for Na I, Mg I, Al I, Si I, Ca I, Ti I, Ti II, Sc II,
V I, Cr I, Mn I, Co I, Ni I, Cu I, Y II, Zr I, Ba II, La II, Nd II, and Eu II.
The elements for which the integrated light analysis gives results that are
most similar to analysis of individual stellar spectra are Fe I, Ca I, Si I, Ni
I, and Ba II. The elements that show the greatest differences include Mg I and
Zr I. Some elements show good agreement only over a limited range in
metallicity. More stellar abundance data in these clusters would enable more
complete evaluation of the integrated light results for other important
elements.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 37 pages, 13 tables, 29 figure
Pion Mass Modification in presence of external magnetic field
In this work, the self energies of and up to one loop
order have been calculated in the limit of weak external magnetic field. The
effective masses are explicitly dependent on the magnetic field which are
modified significantly for the pseudoscalar coupling due to weak field
approximation of the external field. On the other hand, for the pseudovector
coupling, there is a modest increment in the effective masses of the pions.
These theoretical developments are relevant for the study of the
phenomenological aspect of mesons in the context of neutron stars as well as
heavy ion collisions.Comment: Published in conference proceedings of DAE-HEP-2016 (XXII DAE High
Energy Physics Symposium, New Delhi, India
LES, DNS, and RANS for the Analysis of High-Speed Turbulent Reacting Flows
A filtered density function (FDF) method suitable for chemically reactive flows is developed in the context of large eddy simulation. The advantage of the FDF methodology is its inherent ability to resolve subgrid scales (SGS) scalar correlations that otherwise have to be modeled. Because of the lack of robust models to accurately predict these correlations in turbulent reactive flows, simulations involving turbulent combustion are often met with a degree of skepticism. The FDF methodology avoids the closure problem associated with these terms and treats the reaction in an exact manner. The scalar FDF approach is particularly attractive since it can be coupled with existing hydrodynamic computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes
Suicide first aid guidelines for Sri Lanka: a Delphi consensus study
Background: Sri Lanka has one of the highest suicide rates in the world. Gatekeeper programs aimed at specific target groups could be a promising suicide prevention strategy in the country. The aim of this study was to develop guidelines that help members of the public to provide first aid to persons in Sri Lanka who are at risk of suicide.
Methods: The Delphi method was used to elicit consensus on potential helping statements to include in the guidelines. These statements describe information members of the public should have and actions they can take to help a person who is experiencing suicidal thoughts. An expert panel, comprised of mental health and suicide experts in Sri Lanka, rated each statement. The panellists were encouraged to suggest any additional action that was not included in the original questionnaire and, in particular, to include items that were culturally appropriate or gender specific. Responses to open-ended questions were used to generate new items. These items were included in the subsequent Delphi rounds. Three Delphi rounds were carried out. Statements were accepted for inclusion in the guidelines if they were endorsed (rated as essential or important) by at least 80 % of the panel. Statements endorsed by 70–79 % of the panel were re-rated in the following round. Statements with less than 70 % endorsement, or re-rated items that did not receive 80 % or higher endorsement were rejected.
Results: The output from the Delphi process was a set of endorsed statements. In the first round questionnaire 473 statements were presented to the panel and 58 new items were generated from responses to the open-ended questions. Of the total 531 statements presented, 304 were endorsed. These statements were used to develop the suicide first aid guidelines for Sri Lanka.
Conclusion: By engaging Sri Lankans who are experts in the field of mental health or suicide this research developed culturally appropriate guidelines for providing mental health first aid to a person at risk of suicide in Sri Lanka. The guidelines may serve as a basis for developing training for members of the public to provide mental health first aid to persons at risk of suicide as part of Sri Lanka’s suicide prevention strategy
Study of the chemostat model with non-monotonic growth under random disturbances on the removal rate
We revisit the chemostat model with Haldane growth function, here subject to bounded random disturbances on the input flow rate, as often met in biotechnological or waste-water industry. We prove existence and uniqueness of global positive solution of the random dynamics and existence of absorbing and attracting sets that are independent of the realizations of the noise. We study the longtime behavior of the random dynamics in terms of attracting sets, and provide first conditions under which biomass extinction cannot be avoided. We prove conditions for weak and strong persistence of the microbial species and provide lower bounds for the biomass concentration, as a relevant information for practitioners. The theoretical results are illustrated with numerical simulations
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