16 research outputs found
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Efficacy of a therapeutic wand in addition to physiotherapy for treating bladder pain syndrome in women: a pilot randomized controlled trial
YesThe aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial
(PFM) treatment in women with bladder pain syndrome (BPS). Prolonged PFM
tension contributes to the bladder pain, urinary frequency and urgency associated
with BPS. Pelvic health physiotherapists routinely provide intravaginal myofascial
release (MFR) to the PFMs in order to effectively reduce symptoms. Rapid access
A TW was designed so as to allow men with chronic pelvic pain to self- treat,
and this may be effective in women with BPS. For 6 weeks, two groups received
weekly physiotherapist- provided MFR, and were monitored for a further 6- week
follow- up period. One group also used a TW at home three times a week throughout
the pilot. Weekly outcome measures of BPS symptoms and quality of life
were recorded. A clinically meaningful difference in Interstitial Cystitis Symptoms
Index and Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index score changes between groups was
group = 6.20 ± 0.83 and 5.00 ± 1.41, respectively), and a difference was observed
during the follow- up period (control group = 4.50 ± 1.73 and 4.00 ± 2.44, respecevents.
Using the TW appears to have enhanced physiotherapy treatment during
the initial 6 weeks, and improved symptoms during the 6- week follow- up period.
The TW may be a clinically useful tool for long- term management of BPS. The
feasibility of the study method was proven, some alterations were recommended
and an RCT is now warranted
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Delay to diagnosis and specialist consultation following anterior cruciate ligament injury: A study investigating the nature of, and factors associated with, pathway delay
Background:
Historically the identification of ACL injuries upon initial presentation is low and
considerable diagnostic delays have been reported. However, specific evidence
on the individual elements of, and factors which influence delay, is lacking.
Aims:
The overarching aim was to provide a comprehensive picture of delay to
diagnosis and specialist consultation, including factors which influence delay.
An additional aim was to determine whether the approach to examining acute
knee injuries varied as a consequence of varying patient presentation or
experience of the assessing clinician.
Methods:
Study 1: Cross -sectional survey.
Study 2: Non-participant direct observation methodology.
Results:
Data from 194 patients were analysed in the survey. Only 15.5% of patients
were given a correct diagnosis of ACL rupture at the initial consultation. Median delay to diagnosis was 67.5 days (IQR= 15 to 178 days) and specialist
consultation 108 days (IQR= 38 to 292 days). The factors most influential on
delay were whether a follow-up appointment was arranged after attending A&E,
whether the site of attendance operated an acute knee clinic and whether MRI
was performed.
The direct observation study showed wide variation in approach to injury
assessment. Specialist clinicians performed the most comprehensive
examination. A&E clinicians were more likely to assess for bony, neurovascular
and gross tendon injuries as opposed to ligamentous or meniscal injury.
Conclusions:
The diagnostic rate of ACL injury at initial presentation remains low.
Considerable delays to diagnosis and specialist consultation are apparent
following ACL injury, the majority of which is attributable to health system delay
What factors influence pain scores following Corticosteroid injection in patients with Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome? A systematic Review
YesBackground:
Cortico-steroid Injections (CSI) are commonly used to treat patients with Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (GTPS) but it is unclear which patients will experience improvements in pain
Objectives: To identify factors that influence improvements in pain for patients with GTPS treated with CSI
Design: Systematic review
Methods: A search was undertaken of AMED, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline and PEDro databases. Studies were eligible for inclusion of they investigated factors that influenced changes in pain experienced by patients who received a CSI. Studies needed to include relevant summary statistics and tests of clinical significance. Risk Of Bias in Non-randomised Trials Of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and Risk of Bias 2 (ROB2) tools were used to assess bias.
Results: The search identified 466 studies, 8 were included in the final review with a total of 643 participants. There was no association between demographic variables such as age, sex, symptom duration or obesity and pain outcomes post-CSI. Having a co-existing musculoskeletal (MSK) condition such as knee osteoarthritis or sacroiliac/lumbar spine pain was associated with less pain reduction post-CSI. Injections into the Trochanteric Bursa were associated with longer lasting pain reduction than Gluteus Medius Bursa or extra-bursal injections. Image guidance of CSI maintained lower pain scores at six months but did not increase the duration of the therapeutic effect past six months. The presence of specific ultrasound scan features was not associated with differences in pain scores.
Conclusions: Patients with co-existing MSK conditions may not respond to CSI as well as those without. Injections into the Greater Trochanteric Bursa may have longer lasting benefit. Further research is needed on the use of USS imaging findings and image guidance.This work was completed as part of a pre-doctoral fellowship funded by the National Institute of Health Research [NIHR301938, 2021]
The use of history to identify anterior cruciate ligament injuries in the acute trauma setting: the 'LIMP index'
YesObjective To identify the injury history features reported by patients with ACL injuries and determine whether history may be used to identify patients requiring follow-up appointments from acute trauma services.
Multi-site cross-sectional service evaluation using a survey questionnaire design conducted in the UK. The four injury history features investigated (LIMP) were ‘Leg giving way at the time of injury’, ‘Inability to continue activity immediately following injury’, ‘Marked effusion’ and ‘Pop (heard or felt) at the time of injury’.
194 patients with ACL injury were identified of which 165 (85.5%) attended an acute trauma service. Data on delay was available for 163 (98.8%) of these patients of which 120 (73.6%) had a follow-up appointment arranged. Patients who had a follow-up appointment arranged waited significantly less time for a correct diagnosis (geometric mean 29 vs 198 days; p<0.001) and to see a specialist consultant (geometric mean 61 vs 328 days; p<0.001). Using a referral threshold of any 2 of the 4 LIMP injury history features investigated, 95.8% of patients would have had a follow-up appointment arranged.
Findings support the value of questioning patients on specific injury history features in identifying patients who may have suffered ACL injury. Using a threshold of 2 or more of the 4 LIMP history features investigated would have reduced the percentage of patients inappropriately discharged by 22.2%. Evidence presented suggests that this would significantly reduce the time to diagnosis and specialist consultation minimising the chance of secondary complications
Critical values for Lawshe's content validity ratio: revisiting the original methods of calculation
YesThe content validity ratio originally proposed by Lawshe is widely used to quantify content validity and yet methods used to calculate the original critical values were never reported. Methods for original calculation of critical values are suggested along with tables of exact binomial probabilities
Posterolateral corner injuries of the knee: a serious injury commonly missed
We retrospectively reviewed the hospital records of 68 patients who had been referred with an injury to the posterolateral corner of the knee to a specialist knee surgeon between 2005 and 2009. These injuries were diagnosed based on a combination of clinical testing and imaging and arthroscopy when available. In all, 51 patients (75%) presented within 24 hours of their injury with a mean presentation at eight days (0 to 20) after the injury. A total of 63 patients (93%) had instability of the knee at presentation. There was a mean delay to the diagnosis of injury to the posterolateral corner of 30 months (0 to 420) from the time of injury. In all, the injuries in 49 patients (72%) were not identified at the time of the initial presentation, with the injury to the posterolateral corner only recognised in those patients who had severe multiple ligamentous injuries. The correct diagnosis, including injury to the posterolateral corner, had only been made in 34 patients (50%) at time of referral to a specialist knee clinic. MRI correctly identified 14 of 15 injuries when performed acutely (within 12 weeks of injury), but this was the case in only four of 15 patients in whom it was performed more than 12 weeks after the injury. Our study highlights a need for greater diligence in the examination and investigation of acute ligamentous injuries at the knee with symptoms of instability, in order to avoid failure to identify the true extent of the injury at the time when anatomical repair is most straightforward