Gentrification, immigration and community cohesion in Melbourne's multicultural north

Executive summary: This report analyses processes of social change affecting two multicultural suburbs in Melbourne’s north, Coburg and Fawkner, focusing on factors that impact on community cohesion. The Moreland Council (2006, 2011) has identified that national trends of rising housing costs and spikes in unemployment disproportionately affect culturally diverse communities. This report seeks to contribute to an in-depth understanding of these issues, drawing on existing demographic data as well as residents’ perceptions. The report is based on ABS data, interviews and focus group discussions with residents and local service providers, and participant observation in the neighbourhoods. It provides a brief social profile of each suburb before presenting the narrative data gleaned through this project. The report focuses on the issues of gentrification, immigration, employment, housing and community cohesion in the two suburbs. The report makes the case that these two suburbs share some broad experiences of social change:•    The de-industrialisation of Melbourne’s former industrial heartland for textiles, footwear, food and auto manufacturing.•    The rapid increase in housing costs across Melbourne in the context of a growing population.•    Increasingly skills-focused immigration in the context of a labour market dominated by service jobs.•    Socio-demographic transitions (differently affecting the two suburbs), including: the ageing of established migrant communities; the influx of new migrant groups; and gentrification.•    Relatively harmonious inter-ethnic and community relations.•    A relative lack of new public infrastructure including public transport, public housing and public education facilities, with some recent investment in recreation facilities

New developments in mixing, flocculation and flotation for industrial wastewater pretreatment and municipal wastewater treatment

Journal ArticleSolid/liquid separations are commonly the first step in any wastewater treatment. Such technologies are mature and new developments are rare. However, in the last decade some significant improvements in separation techniques for industrial waste water pretreatment have been implemented. Advances in the technology include more efficient, faster centrifugal mixing of treatment chemicals and wastewater contaminants, "in situ" continuous flow coagulation and flocculation, implementation of very high molecular weight flocculants and development of more efficient flotation technologies. Recent developments and improvements of commonly used dissolved air flotation units along with development and application of centrifugal flotation units, cavitation air flotation and suspended air flotation will be discussed. Case studies are also described. Hybrid centrifugal - dissolved air flotation technologies provide the best of both systems: efficient continuous flow mixing and in line flocculation with the nucleation and entrainment of fine dissolved air bubbles. This development has resulted in systems with very efficient removal of particulate contaminants, a small footprint, drier sludge, durable long lasting floes, fast response and treatment of the total wastewater stream (norecycling characteristic for DAFs). The design of on-line turbidity driven sensors for automatic control of coagulant and flocculant dosage is also underway. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used to design better flotation tanks with a vortical flow pattern that results in the formation of a dense air bed inside the tank. Such fine bubble layers prevent sedimentation of already floated heavier particulates, which results in significantly higher flotation rates

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Aquest treball tenia l'objectiu de trobar un esquema de llindar de signatura an\`onima compacte. Tot i no haver-ne trobat cap, s'analitzen diverses solucions que s'acosten a l'objectiu publicades per altres autors i es proposa una millora per obtenir un esquema com el desitjat, però costós i interactiu

European refugees in (white) Australia: identity, community and labour market integration

Introduction: Refugees from Bosnia-Herzegovina1 (’Bosnia’ in further text) were the largest single component of the Australian humanitarian immigration program during the 1990s (Jupp 2002). Almost without exception, Bosnians arrived as ‘quota refugees’ with permanent visas, and have mostly settled in large Australian cities. Over the past decade, an estimated 4,000–5,000 settled in Perth, Western Australia, and between 12,000 and 14,000 in Sydney and surrounding areas of New South Wales. This research has been conducted in Perth and Sydney. While exploring the process of Australian resettlement of Bosnians I have identified several key issues. These issues — identity, community and re-establishing ‘normal life’ — featured prominently in refugee narratives. The central condition for the re-establishment of ‘normalcy’ seemed to be gaining employment, and for professional people, gaining a satisfactory occupational status. All three issues are exceedingly complex and also very much interconnected in the process of resettlement of Bosnians in Australia. The issue of community seems to be central; Bosnian communities represent a relevant micro-context of resettlement, both in terms of identity reconstruction and employment, especially in the early stages of resettlement

Mind the Gap: Spatial Planning Systems in the Western Balkan Region

Starting in the 1990s, an increasing number of studies and reports have focused on examining the nature and characteristics of spatial planning in Europe. The geographical coverage of these comparative analyses broadened over time, paralleling the progression of EU integration. However, the Western Balkan countries were only vaguely mentioned within such studies, mostly due to their fragmentation and geopolitical instability. This paper analyses and compares spatial planning systems in the Western Balkan Region since the 1990s. More specifically, it presents an overview of the geographical and socio-economic situation, explores administrative and legal frameworks for spatial planning, analyses spatial planning instruments produced at each territorial level, and addresses future challenges. Through so doing this paper exposes the complexity of the subject and sets a base for further research

Inferior Mesenteric Artery Aneurysm: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Aneurysms of the inferior mesenteric artery are very rare. We report a new case associated with aorto-iliac occlusive disease and occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery, as well as review the pertinent literature

Hrvatska zajednica u Australiji na početku 21. stoljeća: socio-kulturalna i demografska tranzicija

This article explores the processes of socio-cultural and demographic change and transition taking place in the Croatian community in Australia in the early 21st century. The ‘Croatian community’ is defined as all Croatian-born people in Australia and their offspring, as well as any other persons who speak Croatian or identify as Croatian in any other way. Three socio-cultural and demographic processes are identified: ageing of the community, return migration and the transfer of community activism from the first to subsequent migrant generations. All three processes are connected with a significant drop in the number of Croatian arrivals in Australia over the past several decades and the fact that the most numerous cohort of Croatian arrivals in the late 1960s is now reaching retirement age or even approaching life expectancy. Significantly, in the financial year 2003-04 the number of permanent departures exceeded the number of permanent arrivals. Return migration is analysed as mainly triggered by the retirement of the cohort that has always maintained a strong emotional connection with the homeland, but also with other processes involving younger people from the second and further generations considering longer stays in Croatia for business or educational purposes, as Croatia becomes increasingly attractive as an impeding member of the EU. The article uses the Census and immigration data as a basis for the analysis.Sažetak Članak istražuje procese socio-kulturalnih i demografskih promjena i tranzicije u hrvatskoj zajednici u Australiji na početku 21. stoljeća. Pojam ‘hrvatske zajednice’ uključuje sve one koji su rođeni u Hrvatskoj a sada žive u Australiji, njihove potomke, kao i ostale osobe koje govore hrvatski ili se na kakav drukčiji način identificiraju kao Hrvati. Uočena su tri socio-kulturalna i demografska procesa: starenje zajednice, povratna migracija te generacijski prijelaz u aktivizmu unutar zajednice s prve iseljeničke generacije na sljedeće generacije. Sva tri spomenuta procesa povezana su sa znatnim opadanjem broja hrvatskih doseljenika u Australiju posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća te činjenicom da su pripadnici velikog vala doseljavanja iz šezdesetih godina 20. stoljeća sada već umirovljenici koji dostižu prosječnu životnu dob. Značajna je činjenica da je u financijskoj godini 2003./2004. broj konačnih odlazaka premašio broj konačnih dolazaka. Analiza povratne migracije pokazala je da je ona uzrokovana umirovljenjem pripadnika prve generacije iseljenika koji su oduvijek održavali jaku emocionalnu povezanost s domovinom, ali također i drugim procesima. Odnosi se to na mlade ljude druge i sljedećih generacija koji na dulje vrijeme odlaze u Hrvatsku radi obrazovanja i zaposlenja a zbog njezina približavanja Europskoj Uniji što je čini sve privlačnijom zemljom za život. Članak temelji analizu na podatcima cenzusa o stanovništvu i iseljavanju