4,399 research outputs found
Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Brewers' Spent Grain Arabinoxylans
Brewers´ spent grain (BSG) is a by-product from beer industry that can be exploited as a source of
arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) with prebiotic activity. In this study, microwave-assisted extractions were
performed during 2 min at 140-210°Cin order to evaluate the feasibility of this extraction technology for quantitative
extraction of the arabinoxylans (AX) or AXOS from BSG. The AX yield increasedwith the increase of the temperature
in the range used. The best condition of extraction of the AXwas 210 ºC during 2 min, allowing the extraction of 43%
of total AX. These AX showed structural variability which allow to define specific types of compounds for different
applications and uses depending on the extraction conditions used
Contrast Medium Volume Optimization in Abdominal CT on Basis of Lean Body Weight
This is the final version of the article. Available from Scientific and Academic Publishing via the link in this record.Computed tomography (CT) in abdominal imaging has undergone great advances in recent years. The
administration of iodinated contrast media (CM) has evolved along with the evolution of the CT equipment. The most
common method for calculation of the CM volume in abdominal CT is based on total body weight (TBW), but in this way
some patients get a lower dose and some other patients get a higher dose that the optimal dose they need. In the literature there
are many formulas to calculate the CM volume to be administered in abdominal CT, but practice shows that the variability of
enhancement is wide. The main objective of this study is to verify that the volume of intravenous CM in abdominal CT
calculated on basis of lean body weight (LBW) allows good liver enhancement with small amplitude of variation around the
mean, that is, with less variability in enhancement than CM volume calculated on basis of TBW. In conclusion the calculation
of the volume of CM on basis of LBW translates into a low variability of liver enhancement–25.50 HU. In our results 96.05%
of sample belongs to a good hepatic enhancement. If we stratify sample by groups of BMI, we also verify no significative
differences between slims and fat patients when analysed mean hepatic enhancement
Gravity with extra dimensions and dark matter interpretation: Phenomenological example via Miyamoto-Nagai galaxy
A configuration whose density profile coincides with the Newtonian potential
for spiral galaxies is constructed from a 4D isotropic metric plus extra
dimensional components. A Miyamoto-Nagai ansatz is used to solve Einstein
equations. The stable rotation curves of such system are computed and, without
fitting techniques, we recover with accuracy the observational data for flat or
not asymptotically flat galaxy rotation curves. The density profiles are
reconstructed and compared to that obtained from the Newtonian potential.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Brazilian Journal of Physic
Characterization of Plum Procyanidins by Thiolytic Depolymerization
The phenolic compounds of ?Green Gage? (GG) plums (Prunus domestica L.), ?Rainha Cla?udia Verde?, from a ?protected designation of origin? (PDO), in Portugal, were quantified in both flesh and skin tissues of plums collected in two different orchards (GG-V and GG-C). Analyzes of phenolic compounds were also performed on another GG European plum obtained in France (GG-F) and two other French plums, ?Mirabelle? (M) and ?Golden Japan? (GJ). Thiolysis was used for the first time in the analysis of plum phenolic compounds. This methodology showed that the flesh and skin contain a large proportion of flavan-3-ols, which account, respectively, for 92 and 85% in GJ, 61 and 44% in GG-V, 62 and 48% in GG-C, 54 and 27% in M, and 45 and 37% in GG-F. Terminal units of procyanidins observed in plums are mainly (+)-catechin (54?77% of all terminal units in flesh and 57?81% in skin). The GJ plums showed a phenolic composition different from all of the others, with a lower content of chlorogenic acid isomers and the presence of A-type procyanidins as dimers and terminal residues of polymerized forms. The average degree of polymerization (DPn) of plum procyanidins was higher in the flesh (5?9 units) than in the skin (4?6 units). Procyanidin B7 was observed in the flesh of all GG plums and in the skin of the Portuguese ones. Principal component analysis of the phenolic composition of the flesh and skin of these plums obtained after thiolysis allowed their distinction according to the variety and origin, opening the possibility of the use of phenolic composition for variety/origin identification
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