Talla de madurez y relación peso-talla del tiburón de profundidad Etmopterus bigelowi (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) capturado en el sudeste de Brasil

The blurred lantern shark Etmopterus bigelowi, a deep-water squaloid shark, is globally widespread in temperate and tropical waters, but there is little available information about its biology owing to its relative rarity of capture and taxonomic confusion with its sibling species Etmopterus pusillus. Specimens used in this study were collected from July to December 2004 as by-catch in the commercial deepwater trawl fishery targeting red shrimp Aristaeomorpha foliacea in the southwestern Atlantic. We examined 55 specimens (22 males and 33 females) ranging in total length (TL) from 31.5 to 73 cm and in total weight from 103 to 1600 g. Length-weight relationships were explored for each sex and significant differences were found in the slope coefficients of the male and female regressions. The size at maturity for each sex was evaluated fitting a logistic regression. Females matured at larger sizes than males, with estimated sizes at first maturity of 56.0 cm TL for females and 45.1 cm TL for males. The present study provides important preliminary information about E. bigelowi that can be incorporated in risk assessment and stock assessment models, essential for efficient management practices aimed at avoiding overexploitation of these vulnerable deep-sea sharks.El tiburón de profundidad Etmopterus bigelowi se distribuye globalmente en aguas templadas y tropicales; sin embargo, hay poca información disponible sobre su biología ya que raramente se captura y existe confusión taxonómica con su especie hermana Etmopterus pusillus. Los ejemplares utilizados en este trabajo se obtuvieron de julio a diciembre de 2004 como captura incidental de la pesca comercial de arrastre de aguas profundas dirigida al camarón rojo Aristaeomorpha foliacea en el Atlántico sudoccidental. Se examinaron 55 ejemplares (22 machos y 33 hembras) de 31.5 a 73 cm de longitud total (LT) y de 103 a 1600 g de peso total. Se analizó la relación peso-talla para ambos sexos, observándose diferencias significativas en las pendientes de las regresiones, tanto de hembras como de machos. La talla de madurez para cada sexo se evaluó ajustando una regresión logística. La talla de primera madurez de las hembras (56.0 cm LT) fue mayor que la de los machos (45.1 cm LT). El presente trabajo aporta información preliminar esencial sobre E. bigelowi que puede ser incorporada en modelos de evaluación de riesgo y evaluación de la población, cruciales para prácticas de gestión dirigidas a evitar la sobreexplotación de estos vulnerables tiburones de aguas profundas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Size at maturity and length-weight relationships of the blurred lantern shark Etmopterus bigelowi (Squaliformes: Etmopteridae) caught off southeastern Brazil

The blurred lantern shark Etmopterus bigelowi, a deep-water squaloid shark, is globally widespread in temperate and tropical waters, but there is little available information about its biology owing to its relative rarity of capture and taxonomic confusion with its sibling species Etmopterus pusillus. Specimens used in this study were collected from July to December 2004 as by-catch in the commercial deep-water trawl fishery targeting red shrimp Aristaeomorpha foliacea in the southwestern Atlantic. We examined 55 specimens (22 males and 33 females) ranging in total length (TL) from 31.5 to 73 cm and in total weight from 103 to 1600 g. Length-weight relationships were explored for each sex and significant differences were found in the slope coefficients of the male and female regressions. The size at maturity for each sex was evaluated fitting a logistic regression. Females matured at larger sizes than males, with estimated sizes at first maturity of 56.0 cm TL for females and 45.1 cm TL for males. The present study provides important preliminary information about E. bigelowi that can be incorporated in risk assessment and stock assessment models, essential for efficient management practices aimed at avoiding overexploitation of these vulnerable deep-sea sharks.National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Movements, Habitat Use, and Diving Behavior of Shortfin Mako in the Atlantic Ocean

The shortfin mako is one of the most important shark species caught in Atlantic Ocean pelagic fisheries. Given increasing concerns for the stock status of the species, the present study was designed to fill gaps in the knowledge of habitat use and movement patterns of shortfin mako in the Atlantic Ocean. From 2015 to 2019, 53 shortfin makos were tagged with pop-up satellite archival tags within the North, Central, and Southwest Atlantic Ocean, with successful transmissions received from 34 tags. Generally, sharks tagged in the Northwest and Central Atlantic moved away from tagging sites showing low to no apparent residency patterns, whereas sharks tagged in the Northeast and Southwest Atlantic spent large periods of time near the Canary Archipelago and Northwest Africa, and over shelf and oceanic waters off southern Brazil and Uruguay, respectively. These areas showed evidence of site fidelity and were identified as possible key areas for shortfin mako. Sharks spent most of their time in temperate waters (18– 22◦C) above 90 m; however, data indicated the depth range extended from the surface down to 979 m, in water temperatures ranging between 7.4 and 29.9◦C. Vertical behavior of sharks seemed to be influenced by oceanographic features, and ranged from marked diel vertical movements, characterized by shallower mean depths during the night, to yo-yo diving behavior with no clear diel pattern observed. These results may aid in the development of more informed and efficient management measures for this species.En prens

Habitat use and migrations of shortfin mako in the atlantic using satellite telemetry

This paper provides an update of the study on habitat use for shortfin mako, developed within the ICCAT Shark Research and Data Collection Program (SRDCP). Currently, all phase 1 (2015-2016) tags (23 tags: 9 miniPATs and 14 sPAT) and 11 tags from phase 2 (2016-2018) have been deployed by observers on Portuguese, Uruguayan, Brazilian and US vessels in the temperate NE and NW, Equatorial and SW Atlantic. Data from 32 tags/specimens is available and a total of 1260 tracking days have been recorded. Results showed shortfin makos moved in multiple directions, travelling considerable distances. Shortfin mako sharks spent most of their time above the thermocline (0-90 m), between 18 and 22 °C. The main plan for the next phase of the project is to continue the tag deployment during 2018 in several regions of the Atlantic.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ferromagnetic Levan Composite: An Affinity Matrix to Purify Lectin

A simple and inexpensive procedure used magnetite and levan to synthesize a composite recovered by a magnetic field. Lectins from Canavalia ensiformis (Con A) and Cratylia mollis (Cramoll 1 and Cramoll 1, 4) did bind specifically to composite. The magnetic property of derivative favored washing out contaminating proteins and recovery of pure lectins with glucose elution. Cramoll 1 was purified by this affinity binding procedure in two steps instead of a previous three-step protocol with ammonium sulfate fractionation, affinity chromatography on Sephadex G-75, and ion exchange chromatography through a CM-cellulose column

Questionário de diagnóstico compartilhado da atenção básica: equipes de Saúde da Família típicas x ampliadas

A adscrição de clientela, a relação entre a equipe de atenção básica com as especialidades, as atividades de promoção à saúde e condições de infraestrutura são fatores organizacionais necessários para a Estratégia de Saúde da Família contribuir para proporcionar o cuidado integral no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O objetivo deste artigo é comparar os resultados da aplicação do Questionário de Diagnóstico Compartilhado da Atenção Básica (QDCAB), no tocante aos quesitos referentes à integralidade, entre equipes de Saúde da Família típicas e ampliadas em um município paulista. O método e o QDCAB foram aplicados a equipes de Saúde da Família típicas e àquelas com especialistas das grandes áreas (equipes ampliadas), e a análise foi realizada utilizando o teste de Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, permitindo a comparação da distribuição das respostas entre os dois modelos de equipe. As equipes ampliadas estabelecem vínculo de forma mais coletiva (0,0026), porém, não houve diferença nos resultados dos esforços realizados nesse sentido entre os dois modelos de equipe (0,7227). As notas baixas atribuídas às questões relativas à relação da equipe com os especialistas, de uma forma geral, revelam as dificuldades para garantir a integralidade da atenção. As atividades de promoção à saúde receberam notas altas de ambos os modelos. A adequação da estrutura física do centro de saúde recebeu menores notas das equipes típicas (< 0,0001). A relação das equipes com os especialistas é um obstáculo para a garantia da integralidade e, para as equipes típicas, o excesso de demanda e as condições de infraestrutura também representam dificuldades

Morphological analysis and description of the ovaries of female silky sharks, Carcharhinus falciformis (Müller & Henle, 1839)

This work aims to study the female reproductive tract of silky sharks, Carcharhinus falciformis, captured in the South and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Samples were collected between January 2008 and March 2010 through oceanic commercial vessels that targeted tuna and swordfish, with a total of 17 females collected. The methodologies followed for analyzing the ovaries of those females included both macroscopic and histological analysis. Macroscopically, it was possible to determine that the ovaries on these sharks is suspended by mesenteries in the anterior section of the body cavity, heavily irrigated by blood vessels, and contains a wide range of oocytes. Ovaries were found in three distinct maturational stages: Stage I (Immature), Stage II (Maturing) and Stage III (Mature). Immature ovaries were small, with widths ranging from 1.0 to 3.1 cm, and had a gelatinous or granulose internal structure; maturing ovaries were slightly larger, ranging in width between 5.2 and 6.0 cm; mature ovaries ranged in width between 6.5 and 7.8 cm, and had a more rounded shape and the presence of large and well developed oocytes. Under microscopic examination, it was observed that the ovaries were covered with simple epithelial tissue during the early development stages and a simple cubic epithelium in the final stages of maturation. During the initial maturation stages the epigonal organ was not differentiated from the ovary. In mature specimens, the ovary showed a simple cubic epithelium and just below this epithelium there was a layer of dense connective tissue and muscle with the presence of vitellogenic oocytes and fat cells. A thin yolk membrane enclosing the oocytes was also evident. Finally, it was possible to distinguish a zona pellucida, separating the oocytes from the follicle wall and a basal lamina between the granular layers and the teak layer.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Antibody reactivity against potato apyrase, a protein that shares epitopes with Schistosoma mansoni ATP diphosphohydrolase isoforms, in acute and chronically infected mice, after chemotherapy and reinfection

Schistosoma mansoni ATP diphosphohydrolase isoforms and potato apyrase share conserved epitopes. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, elevated levels of IgM, IgG2a and IgG1 antibody reactivity against potato apyrase were observed in S. mansoni-infected BALB/c mice during the acute phase of infection, while only IgM and IgG1 antibody reactivity levels maintained elevated during the chronic phase of infection. Antibody reactivity against potato apyrase was monitored over an 11-month period in chronically-infected mice treated with oxamniquine. Eleven months later, the level of seropositive IgM decreased significantly (~30%) compared to the level found in untreated, infected mice. The level of seropositive IgG1 decreased significantly four months after treatment (MAT) (61%) and remained at this level even after 11 months. The IgG2a reactivity against potato apyrase, although unchanged during chronic phase to 11 MAT, appeared elevated again in re-infected mice suggesting a response similar to that found during the acute phase. BALB/c mouse polyclonal anti-potato apyrase IgG reacted with soluble egg antigens probably due to the recognition of parasite ATP diphosphohydrolase. This study, for the first time, showed that the IgG2a antibody from S. mansoni-infected BALB mice cross-reacts with potato apyrase and the level of IgG2a in infected mice differentiates disease phases. The results also suggest that different conserved-epitopes contribute to the immune response in schistosomiasis

Crise sócioeconômica e processo de trabalho : à busca de uma relação teórica

Acesso ao livro na íntegra no endereço: http://acesso.mte.gov.br/data/files/8A7C816A2E7311D1012FEAA3403E09B2/TrabalhonaCapital.pdf.Este capítulo propõe-se a explorar questões como estas e suscitar hipóteses sobre a relação teórica das crises capitalistas com mudanças na organização do processo de trabalho, entendidas como tentativas de reorganizar o trabalho em função da crise, estratégias que permitam ao capital contornar a crise e voltar a trilhar os caminhos da acumulação, conduzindo possivelmente a novas formas de exploração do trabalho e de produção da mais-valia absoluta e relativa

Reproductive aspects of the oceanic whitetip shark, Carcharhinus longimanus (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhinidae), in the equatorial and southwestern Atlantic Ocean

The present study sought to study the reproductive biology of the oceanic whitetip shark, Carcharhinus longimanus, in the equatorial and southwestern Atlantic Ocean. A total of 234 specimens were collected as bycatch during pelagic longline fisheries targeting tunas and swordfish, between December 2003 and December 2010. The fishing area was located between latitudes 10N and 35S and longitudes 3E and 40W. Of the 234 individuals sampled, 118 were females (with sizes ranging from 81 to 227 cm TL, total length) and 116 males (ranging from 80 to 242 cm TL). The reproductive stages of the females were classed as immature, mature, preovulatory and pregnant, while males were divided into immature, maturing and mature. The size at maturity for females was estimated at 170.0 cm TL, while that for males was between 170.0 and 190.0 cm TL. Ovarian fecundity ranged from 1 to 10 follicles and uterine fecundity from 1 to 10 embryos. The reproductive cycle of this species is most likely biennial, with parturition occurring once every two years.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio