Do Divorce Law Reforms Matter for Divorce Rates - Evidence from Portugal

The effect of divorce law reforms on divorce rates in the United States and elsewhere has generated a controversy in the law and economics literature. In this article, we study the contribution of divorce law reforms for the evolution of divorce rates in Portugal over the last 40 years. We focus on the reforms of divorce law in the 1970s and in the 1990s as well as socioeconomic factors as determinants of the divorce rate. We find that the introduction of a modern divorce law in the 1970s had a significant effect on the divorce rate, but the changes of the 1990s that effectively implemented a generalized no-fault regime had no statistically significant impact. Our observations suggest that the reforms in the 1990s were likely the response of the legislature to growing divorce rates rather than the cause

Atitudes e práticas de docentes e técnicos especialistas face à educação inclusiva

A educação inclusiva está hoje presente nas políticas educativas, procurando criar na escola um espaço de educação para todos tal como está previsto nos documentos internacionais subscritos por Portugal, como a Declaração de Salamanca e a Convenção dos direitos da pessoa com deficiência. Estas mudanças acarretam grandes desafios para os profissionais que atuam no espaço escolar. A forma como cada profissional perspetiva a inclusão é assente em atitudes que consequentemente se refletem nas suas práticas educacionais. O objetivo do presente estudo é compreender as atitudes e práticas dos docentes e técnicos especializados face à educação inclusiva. O estudo desenvolvido (N= 470), dirigiu-se a professores e técnicos especializados a trabalhar em contexto de escola inclusiva. Para o efeito construímos e aplicámos a Escala de Atitudes Inclusivas. A análise dos dados aponta uma atitude inclusiva de maior intensidade por parte dos técnicos especializados comparativamente com os docentes, com maior evidência na dimensão afetiva. A finalizar, este estudo salienta-se a importância da componente atitudinal nas boas práticas inclusivas; Abstract: “Teachers and STAFF/specialists Pratices and Behaviors About Inclusive Education” The inclusive education is a reality even more important in the educative politics, in order to reform the educative system, consequence of the international conjecture that constitutes the legislation which takes part the inclusive school. The way each professional perspective the inclusion process is based in attitudes that affects his educational practices. The main goal of this study is understand teacher’s and specialized technician’s attitudes and practices about inclusive education. The quantitative nature of this study involved an intervention group of (N=470), questioned with the instrument ITAI, created for this study. The data analysis reveals more intense attitude about inclusion by the specialized technician’s, when compared with the teachers, with a bigger evidence in the affective dimension. Finalizing, this study points the importance of the attitudinal component in good inclusive practices

Inclusive attitudes: emotional, cognitive and behavioral differences between teachers and therapist

Participation on the Leipzig Evora – Zwickau Scientific Meeting in Health Sciences and Human Development with the communication Inclusive attitudes: emotional, cognitive and behavioral differences between teachers and therapist.Project ASUMIE: ERASMUS+ - KA2 (2020-1-BE02-KA201-074751

Construction and validation of “Diabetes Education Process (DEP)” scale

Nursing interventions in diabetes education are considered relevant in order to achieve proper outcomes. It is important to know what nurses do in this field and for this purpose we need valid and reliable instruments. Objective: To develop and determine the psychometric characteristics of Diabetes Education Process Scale (DEP). Methods: Based on the question “What interventions nurses develop in their practice in diabetes education?", we developed two studies: (a) a qualitative one in order to identify relevant variables to measure in diabetes education; and (b) a quantitative and methodological study of validation of DEP scale. Results: We identified four guidelines in qualitative study through which emerged the relevant variables for the evaluation of therapeutic education. We applied this DEP Scale to a sample of 104 nurses, with an average age of 41.3 years (SD = 8.1). DEP Scale has in its dimensions α values between 0.6720 and 0.834, revealing reasonable internal consistency. The scale revealed also validity characteristics. Conclusion: We concluded that it is important to know nurses practices in order to let emerge their contribution to patient care. For this purpose, we need valid and reliable instruments. DEP Scale proved itself to be valid and reliable, so it can be used to access nurses´ interventions in diabetes education.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Efeitos do uso tópico do óleo de andiroba puro e ozonizado em feridas induzidas em cavalos

Este trabalho realizou uma avaliação clínica e histopatológica da aplicação tópica do óleo de andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aublet), puro e ozonizado, no processo de cicatrização de feridas em cinco equinos saudáveis. Oito feridas de 6,25 cm2 foram induzidas cirurgicamente, quatro de cada lado da região lombar, craniais em relação à região sacral. Em três animais, o lado esquerdo foi destinado à avaliação macroscópica e mensuração de área, enquanto o lado direito foi destinado à análise histopatológica. Nos outros dois animais, as avaliações foram invertidas. O tratamento tópico foi iniciado 12 horas após a indução cirúrgica e foi mantido diariamente até a completa cicatrização das feridas. Foram usados, sequencialmente e bilateralmente, no sentido craniocaudal: solução salina (GC), solução salina ozonizada (GO), óleo de andiroba puro (GAP) e óleo de andiroba ozonizado (GAO). Aleatoriamente, a sequência de tratamentos foi modificada. As análises macroscópicas e microscópicas foram realizadas 3, 7, 14 e 21 dias após a cirurgia, e o tempo total para cicatrização registrado. A contração da ferida foi de 67,75% para GC, 65,26% para GO, 67,91% para GAP, e 69,84% para GAO. A avaliação histopatológica demonstrou que as feridas tratadas com GAO e GAP apresentaram uma avançada epitelização, proliferação fibroblástica e deposição de colágeno, moderada proliferação vascular e presença de infiltrados de células polimorfonucleares (PMN) e discreta proliferação de células mononucleares (MN). Foi possível concluir que todos os tratamentos usados foram benéficos perante o grupo de controle, mostrando que as versões pura e ozonizada do óleo de andiroba representam alternativas terapêuticas ao tratamento de feridas em equinos.The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and histopathological aspects of topical application of pure and ozonized andiroba oil (Carapa guianensis Aublet.) on the healing process of wounds of healthy horses. Eight 6.25-cm2 wounds were surgically produced on each horse, cranial to the sacrum, being four wounds on each side of the lumbar region. In three animals, left side was used for macroscopic observations and area measurement and right side was used for histopathological analysis. For the other two animals, evaluations were inverted. Beginning of the topical treatment occurred 12 hours after surgical induction of the injuries and was maintained daily until complete healing of the wounds, using sequentially and bilaterally in the craniocaudal direction saline solution (GC), ozonized saline solution (GO), pure andiroba oil (GAP) and ozonized andiroba oil (GAO). Randomly, sequence of the treatments was modified. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were performed at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after surgery. Completed healing time for all wounds were recorded. A wound contraction of 67.75% for GC, 65.26% for GO, 67.91% for GAP, and 69.84% for GAO were recorded. Histopathologic evaluation revealed that wounds from the GAO and GAP had an advanced epithelialization, fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition, moderate vascular proliferation, and presence of PMN infiltrate and discrete viewing of MN. It was possible to conclude that all treatments had benefits when comparing to control group and both pure and ozonized andiroba oil can be good options for wound treatment in horses

CONCENTRAÇÕES SÉRICAS DE SÓDIO, POTÁSSIO E CÁLCIO EM EQUINOS DA RAÇA MANGALARGA MARCHADOR APÓS EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO

O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a influência do exercício físico de intensidade submáxima (marcha) sobre as concentrações séricas de sódio, potássio e cálcio em equinos criados no estado do Espírito Santo. Foram obtidas amostras de sangue de 15 equinos, da raça Mangalarga Marchador, em quatro momentos: antes (T0), com 5 minutos (T1), 30 minutos (T2) e 2 horas (T3) após o termino da atividade física (40 minutos de marcha). Os valores médios para o sódio foram de 148,1±18,2mEq/L, 151,1±12,7mEq/L, 144,1±17,4mEq/L e 152,3±23,1mEq/L; para o potássio foram de 4,2±0,8mEq/L, 4,7±0,7mEq/L, 3,4±0,5mEq/L e 3,9±0,8mEq/L; e para o cálcio foram de 11,1±1,8mg/dL, 10,6±1,6mg/dL, 11,5±2,6mg/dL e 11,0±1,5mg/dL, respectivamente, nos tempos T0, T1, T2 e T3. Os resultados demonstraram que a marcha não influenciou de forma significativa os valores séricos de sódio e de cálcio. Houve diferença significativa com redução nos valores médios de potássio em T2 (p<0,0001). Os resultados também sugerem que os equinos estavam bem condicionados ao tipo de exercício físico imposto

OC33 Chromatographic approaches to study pine nut skin: exploitation of its composition and bioactivities

Pine nut skin (PNS) is an unexploited and uncharacterized by-product recovered during pine nut processing. The exploitation of by-products as sources of valuable compounds agrees with the current demand for the reduction of waste, and a transition to more sustainable production and consumption1. Therefore, PNS characterization and bioactive potentialities were assessed. The utilization of several chromatographic techniques allowed the characterization of PNS phenolic compounds (HPLC-DAD-UV and HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn), and the carbohydrates quantification and structural characterization, after specific derivatization (GC-FID and GC-MS). PNS subcritical water extraction using microwave was optimized and the obtained extracts, separated into low-molecularweight (rich in phenolic compounds) and high-molecular-weight (rich in carbohydrates), were evaluated regarding their digestibility and prebiotic activity. The prebiotic potential was assessed by quantifying the short-chain fatty acids (HPLC-UV) produced after the in vitro faecal fermentation. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn allowed to identify PNS phenolic compounds, namely protocatechuic, p-coumaric, and caffeic acids, while HPLC-DAD-UV enabled the monomers identification of proanthocyanidins ((epi)catechins) and hydrolysable tannins (protocatechuic acid), after acid methanolysis. GC techniques allowed to disclose the polysaccharides structures (xyloglucans and pectic polysaccharides) and their degradation by microbiota. The fermentation of both extracts rich in phenolic compounds and rich in polysaccharides resulted in an increased production of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids when compared to the commercial prebiotic inulin, proposing these PNS extracts as prebiotic agents.The work was supported through the projects UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020, funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds. Soraia P. Silva, Alondra González and Dalila Roupar thank FCT/MCTES and ESF through NORTE 2020 for their PhD grants (ref. SFRH/BD/136471/2018, SFRH/BD/06268/2021 and SFRH/DB/139884/2018 respectively). Elisabete Coelho thanks the research contract (CDL-CTTRI-88-ARH/2018 – REF. 049-88-ARH/2018) funded by national funds (OE), through FCT, in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, of July 19. Clarisse Nobre acknowledges FCT for the assistant research contract 2021.01234.CEECIND.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Determinações plasmáticas de glicose, colesterol e triglicérides em potras sadias, da raça Brasileiro de Hipismo

Plasma biochemical values were determined in 380 samples obtained from 22 clinically normal Brasileiro de Hipismo fillies from birth to 24 months old. Statistical analysis showed higher concentrations of cholesterol between 0-4 hours and 24 hours after birth, while glucose and triglycerides with 3-4 days of age. Glucose concentrations decreased until nine months old, then remained fairly constant. Cholesterol and triglycerides decreased gradually with advancing of age until 13 months and then stabilized. It was concluded that the plasma biochemical values were influenced by age, particularly in the newborn foals considered in the study.Utilizaram-se 380 amostras de plasma sangüíneo coletadas de 22 potras Brasileiro de Hipismo, sadias, desde o nascimento até 24 meses de idade. Os valores médios de colesterol foram máximos entre o nascimento e 24 horas de vida, enquanto que para glicose e triglicérides, o maior valor ocorreu entre três e quatro dias de vida. Os valores médios de colesterol e triglicérides diminuíram progressivamente até os 13 meses de idade, quando se estabilizaram. Foi observada queda progressiva das concentrações de glicose até nove meses, estabilizando-se a seguir. Houve influência dos fatores etários sobre as variações de todas as determinações bioquímicas, particularmente no período inicial de vida dos animais estudados